Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1061

 SUAGELA. water continues down to the present day, and the inhabitants of the surrounding villages relate that no vessel will hold the water. It is now called ra MavpavfiJia, or the Black Waters, and sometimes to, ApaKo-ffpia, or the Terrible Waters. (Leake, Morea, vol. iii. p. 160, seq.; Fiedler, lieise diirch Griechenland, vol. i. p. 400, who gives a drawing of the Styx: Curtius, Pehponnesos, vol. i. p. 195.) SUA'GELA {'S.ovdyiXa), a town of Caria, in which was shown the tomb of Car, tjie ancestor of all the Carians ; the place was in fact believed to have received its name from this circumstance, for in Carian aova signified a tomb, and yiKas a king. (Steph. B. s. V.) Strabo, who calls the place Syangela (xiii. p. 611), states that this town and Myndus were preserved at -the time when Mausolus united six other towns to form Halicarnassus. [L.S.] SUANA (SoDai'a, Ptol.: Eth. Suanensis: Sovmui), a town of Southern Etruria, situated in the valley of the Flora (Arminia), about 24 miles from the sea, and 20 W. of Volsinii {Bolsena). No mention of it is found in history as an Etruscan city, but both Pliny and Ptolemy notice it as a municipal town of Etruria under the Roman Empire. (Plin. iii. 5. s. 8; Ptol. iii. 1. § 49.) Its site is clearly marked by the modern town of Sovaiia or Soana, which was a con- siderable place in the middle ages, and still retains the title of a city, and the see of a bishop, though now a very poor and decayed place. It has only some slight remains of Roman antiquity, but the ravines around the town abound with tombs hewn in the rock, and adorned with architectural fa9ades and ornaments, strongly resembling in character those at Castel it Asso and Biedu. These relics, which are pronounced to be among the most interest- ing of the kind in Etruria, were first discovered by Mr. Ainsley in 1843, and are described by him in the Annali dcir Insthuto di Corrispondema Archeo- loffica for 1843 (pp. 223—226); also by Jlr. Dennis (Etruria, vol. i. pp. 480— .500). [E. H. B.] SUARDONES, a tribe of the Suevi in Northern Germany, on the right bank of the Albis, south of the Sasones, and north of the Langobardi. (Tac. (jerm. 40.) Zeu.ss {Die DeiiUchen, p. 154), de- riving their name from stiurd or sward (a sword), regards it as identical with that of the Pharodini, mentioned by Ptolemy (ii. 11- § 13) as living in nearly the same part of Germany. [L. S.] SUARNI, a rude people of Asiatic Sarmatia, in the neighbourhood of the Portae Caucasiae and the Rha. They possessed gold mines (Plin. vi. 11. s. 12). They are probably the same people whom Ptolemy calls Surani (Soupoj'oi, v. 9. § 20) and places between the Hippie aii<l Ceraunian mountains. [T. H. D.] SUASA (Sovarra: Eth. Suasanus; Ru. near Cartel Leone), a town of Umbria mentioned both by Ptolemy and Pliny, of whom the latter reckons it among tlie municipal towns of that country. Ptolemy jjlaces it, together with O.stra, in the district of the Senones, and it was therefore situated wi tiie northern decli- vity of the Apennines. Its site is clearly identified at a spot between S. Lorenzo and Castel Leone in the valley of the Cesano, about 18 miles from the sea. Considerable ruins were still extant on the spot in the time of Cluver. including the remains of the walls, gates, a theatre, &c.; and inscriptions foimd there left no doubt of their identification. (Chiver, Itnl. p. G20.) [E. H. B.] SUASTE'NE (Souao-T-^rrj, Ptol. vii. 1. § 42), a district in the NV. of India, beyond the Parijdb, and above the junction of the Kabul river and the vol.. II. SUBUS. loll Indus. It derives its name from the small river Suastus (the Suvasiu or Sitwad), which is one of the tributaries of the Kahtil river. [|Gorya.] [V.] SUASTUS. [Sua-stene] SUBANECTI. [SiLVANECTES.] SUBATII. [TUBANTES.] SUBDINNUM. [Cenomani.] SUBERTUiM, another reading of.SuDERTiur. SUBI, a river on the E. coast of Hispania Tarra- conensis, which entered the sea near the town of Subur. (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4.) Probablv the modern Francoli. [T. H. D.] SUBLA'QUEUM {SuKaco'),a, place in the valley of the Anio about 24 miles above Tibur (Tivoli). It derived its name from its situation below tlie lake or lakes formed by the waters of the Anio in this part of its course, and called the Simbruin.v Stagna or SiMBRivii Lacus. These lakes have now entirely disappeared : they were evidently in great part artificial, formed as reservoirs for the Aqua Marcia and Aqua Claudia, both of which were derived from the Anio in this part of its course. There is no mention of Sublaqueum before the time of Nero, who had a villa there called by Frontinus "Villa Ne- roniana Sublacensis;" and Tacitus mentions the name as if it was one not familiar to every one. (Tac. .xiv. 22 ; Frontin. de Aquaed. 93). It seems certain there- fore that there was no town of the name, and it would appear from Tacitus {l. c.) that the place was included for nuinicipal purposes within the territory of Tibur. Pliny also notices the name ot Sublaqueum in the 4th Region of Augustus, but not among the numicipal towns: as well as the lakes (" lacus tres amoenitate nobiles") froiu which it was derived. (Plin. iii. 12. s. 17.) It appears from mediaeval records that these lakes continued to e.xist down to the middle ages, and the last of them did not disappear till the year 1305. (Nibby, iJiii- torni, vol. iii. p. 125.) Subiaco obtained a great celebrity in the middle ages as the place of retire- ment of St. Benedict, and the cradle of the celebrated monastic order to which he gave his name. It seems probable that the site was in his time quite deserted, and that the modern town owes its origin to the monastery founded by him, and a ca.->tle wdiich was soon after established in its neic^hbour- hood. (Nibbv, I. c. p. 123.) [E. H. B.] SUBLA'VIO (It. Ant. p. 280) or SUBLA'BIO (Tab. Pent), a place in Rhaetia, on the site of the modern convent of Sebsn, near the town of Clansen. Some suppose the correct name to be Snb.savione, which occurs in a middle age document of the reign of the emperor Conrad II. [L. S.] SUBUR (S.oveovp, Ptol. ii. 6. § 17), a town of the Laeiitani in Hispania Tarraconensis lyiiiK E. of Tarraco. (Mela, ii. 6.) Ptolemy (/. c.) ascribes it to the Cosetaiii, and Pliny (iii. 3. s. 4) to the Iler- getes. It is mentioned in an inscription. (Grntor, p. 414.) Variously identified with iiit(/('S and I'Ula- nueva. [1". H- D-J SUBUR i^ohiovp, Ptol. iv. 1. § 13). 1. A town in the inteiior of Mauretania Tingitana, near the river of the same name. 2. (Ptol. iv. 1. § 2), a rivor of M:iurptani:i TiuL'i- tana. Pliny (v. 1. s. 1) calls it a tine navigable river. It fell into the Atlantic near Colunia Bauasa, 50 miles S. of I.ixus. It is still called .S'wi» or Cubn, and rises among the forests of Mount Salelo in tin- province oi' Sri a us (Graberg of Henisii, Dtis Kai.itr- reich Marokko, tr. by Reumont, p. 12). [T H. 1).] SUIUIS (2oi5gos, Ptol. iv. 6. § 6), a rivcron tha 3 X