Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1058

 1038 STRATONIS INSULA. p. 254, foil., Z,»/C!a, p. 80, foil. ; Sestini, iVwm. Vet. p. 90.) [L. S.J STRATO'NIS INSULA, an island in the Ara- bian gulf between the burbour Elaea and the b:ir- bour Saba. (Strab. xvi. p. 770; Flin. vi. 29. s. 34.) STRATONIS TURRIS. [Caesareia, No. 4, p. 470.] STK.TUS CS,TpdTos: Eth. ^rpdrios: its ter- ritory Tj ^TpaTtKrj: SiirovvjU). the cbief town of Aoarnania, was situated in the interior of the country, in a fertile plain on the ri^bt bank of the Acbelous. It commanded the principal approaclies to the plain from the nortbward, and was tbus a place of e;reat military importance. Strabo (x. p. 450) phices it 200 stadia from the mouth of the Acbelous by the course of the river. At the distance of 80 stadia S. of the town the river Anapus flowed into the Acbelous; and 5 Roman miles to its N., the Aelielous received another tributary stream, named Petitaurus. (Tbuc. ii. 82 ; Liv. sliii. 22.) Stratus joined the Athenian alliance, with most of the other Acarnanian towns, at the commencement of the Peloponnesian War. In B. c. 429 it was attacked by the Ambraciots, with a number of barbarian auxiliaries, aided by some Pelo- ponnesian troops, under the command of Cnemus; but they were defeated under the walls of Stratus, and obliged to retire. Tbucydides describes Stratus at that time as the cbief town of Acarnania, which it is also called by Xenophon in his account of the expedition of Agcsilaus into this country. (Tbuc. ii. 80, seq., iii. 106; Xen. Hdl. iv. 6.) ' When the Aetolians extended their dominions. Stratus fell into the hands of this people, whence it is called by Livy a town of Aetolia. It is frequently mentioned during the Macedonian and Roman wars. Neither Philip V. nor his successor Perseus was able to wrest the town from the Aetolians; and it remained in the power of the latter till their defeat by the Romans, who restored it to Acarnania, together with tbe other towns, which the Aetcilians had taken from tbe Acarnanians. (Polyb. iv. 63, v. 6, 7, 13, 14, 96; Liv. xxxvi. 11, xliii. 21, 22.) Livy (xliii. 21) gives an erroneous description of the position of Stratus when he says that it is situated above the Ambra- cian gulf, near the river Inaclius. There are considerable remains of Stratus at the modern village of Surovigli. The entire circuit of tli^ city was about 25 miles. The eastern wall followed the bank of the river. Leake discovered the remains of a theatre situated in a hollow: its interior diameter below is 105 feet, and there seem to have been about 30 rows of seats. (Leake, Northtrn Greece, vol. i. p. 137, seq.) STRAVIA'NAE or STRAVIA'NA, a town in Lower Pannonia, on the road from Siscia to Mursa, of which the exact site has not been ascertained. {It. Ant. p. 265, where it appears in the ablat. form Stavianis.) [L. S.] STRENUS (2tp7>os: Eth. 2rp?Vios), a town of Crete, which Stepbanus of Byzantium (*-. t".) men- tions on the authority of Herodian (others read Herodotus), but no further notice is found of it either in Herodotus or any other author. [E. B. J.] STRICVINTA (STpeowiVra), a place in the south- east of German V, near Mons Asciburgius, of uncertain site. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 29.) [L. S.] STKO'BILUS (SrpogiXos), a peak of mount Caucasus, to which, according to the legend, Prome- theus bad been fastened by Hephaestus. (Arrian, Pmpl.P.E.-p. 12.) [L. S.] STRO'NGYLE. [Aeoijae Lnsui.ae.] STUCCIA. STRO'NGYLUS. | Semiramidis JIons.] STRO'PHADES (Sxpoc^aSes; EtJi. 5Tpo<?>a'5fi's: Strofadia and Strivall), formerly called Plutae (IIAcoTai), two small islands in the Ionian sea, about 35 miles S. of Zacyntbus, and 400 stadia distant from Cyparissia in Messenia, to which city they belonged. The sons of Boreas pursued the Harjiies to these islands, which were called the " Turning " islands, because the Boreadae licre returned from tbe pursuit. (Strab. viii. p. 359; Ptol. iii. 16. § 23; Steph. B. s. w.; Plin. iv. 12. s. 19; Mela, ii. 7; Apoll. Rbod. ii. 296; Apollod. i. 9. § 21; Virg. Aen. iii. 210; It. Ant. p. .523.) STRUCHATES {'S.Tpovxar^s'), one of the six tribes into which Herodotus divides the ancient in- habitants of Media. (Herod, i. 101.) [V.] STRUTHUS. [Hekmioxe.] STRYME (2Tpi/|UTj), a town on the S. coast of Thrace, a little to the W. of Mesembria, between which and Stryme flowed the small river Lissus, which the army of Xerxes is said to have drunk dry. (Herod, vii. 108.) Stryme was a colony of Thasos; but disputes seem to have arisen respecting it between the Thasii and the people of the neigh- bouring city of Maroneia. (Philip, ap Demos, p. 1 63, R.) [J. R.] STRYJION {-S.Tpvixd>v, Ptol. iii. 13. § 18), the largest river of Macedonia, after the Axius, and, before the time of Philip, the ancient boundary of that country towards the E. It rises in Mcmnt Scouiius near Pantalia (tbe present Gustendil) (Tbuc. ii. 96), and, taking first an E. and then a SE. course, flows through the whole of Macedonia. It then enters the lake of Prasias, or Cercinitis, and shortly after its exit from it, near the town of Am- phipohs, falls into the Strymonic gulf. Pliny, with less correctness, places its sources in the Haemus (iv. 10. s. 12). Tbe importance of the Strymon is rather magnified in the ancient accounts of it, from tbe circumstance of Ampbipolis being seated near its mouth ; and it is navigable only a few miles from that town. Apollodorus (ii. 5. 10) has a legend that Hercules rendered the upper course of the river shallow by casting stones into it, it having been previously navigable much farther. Its banks were much frequented by cranes (Juv. xiii. 167; Virg. Aen. X. 269; Mart.'ix. 308). The Strymon is fre- quently alluded to in the classics. (Comp. Hesiod. Theoff. 339; Aesch. SuppL2b8, Agnm. 192; Herod, vii. 75 ; Tbuc. i. 200 ; Strab. vii. p. 323 ; Mela. ii. 2; Liv. xliv. 44.&C.) Its present name is Struma, but the Turks call it Karasu. (Cnnip. Leake, North. Gr. iii. pp. 225, 465, &c.) [T. H.D.] STRYJIO'NIGUS SINUS (SrpD/xoviKbs k6vos, Strab. vii. p. 330), a bay lying between Macedonia and Thrace, on the E. side of the peninsula of Chalcidice (Ptol. iii. 13. § 9). It derived its name from the river Strymon, which fell into it. Now the guU o(Rendma. [T.H.D.] STRYMO'NII (2rpii(UoVioi), the name by whiih, according to tradition, the Bitbynians in Asia ori- ginally were called, because they bad imniigraied into Asia from the country about the Strymnn in Europe. (Herod, vii. 75; Steph. B. s. v. "ZTpufjuhv.) Pliny (v. 40) further states that Bitliynia w;is called bv some Strvmonis. [L. S.J STUBERA. [Stvjibara.] STU'CCIA {■S.TovKKia, Ptol. ii. 3. § 3), a .small river on the W. coast of Britain, identified by Camden (p. 772) with the Ystw^th in Cardiqan- shire. [T. H. D.j