Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1057

 STOBORRUSI PROM. is so imperfectly known that there is a difficulty in identifyins; its site: in Kiepert's map (Europaische Turkei) the ruins of Stobi are marked to the W. of Demirkapi, or the pass of the " Iron Gate." (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. pp. 306, 440.) [E. B. J.] STOBORRUxM PROM. (^rdSo^pou &Kpov, Ptol. iv. 3. § 5), a headland of Numidia, between tlie promontory of Hippus and the town of Aphrodisium, at the E, point of the Sinus Olchacites. Now Cap Ferro or lias Undid. [T. H. D.] STOE'CHADES (al %TOixdBes vvaoi) or STl'- CHADES, on the S. coast of Gallia. Strabo (iv. p. 184) speaks of the Stoechades islands lying off the coast of Narbonensis, five in number, three larger and two smaller. They were occupied by the Jlassa- liots. Steph. B. (s. v. SroixaSey) says, " islands near Mas.salia; and they are also named Ligystides." Pto- lemy (ii. 10. § 21) also mentions five islands Stoe- chades, which he places in the meridian of the Citharistes Promontorium [Cithakistes]. Pliny(iii. 5) mentions only three Stoechades, which he says were so named from being in a line ((rTo?xos), and he gives to them the Greek names respectively Prote, Mese or Pomponiana, and Hy- paea. Tliese must be the islands now named Isles dHieres, of which the most westerly is Porqueroks, the central is Portcroz, and the most easterly is I' Isle du Levant or du Titan, opposite to the town of Hiei-es, in the department of Var. These islands are mere barren rocks. Besides the three larger islands, which have bemi enumerated, there are two others at least, mere rocks, rEsquilladenndBagneau, which make up the number of five. Coral was got in the sea about the Stoechades (Plin. xxxii. 3), and is still got on this part of the French coast. Agathemerus (Ceoi7. Min. ii. p. 13, ed. Hudson) places the Stoechades along the coast which was occupied by the settlements of the Massaliots; but he fixes the two small Stoechades near Massilia. These are the two dismal rocks named Ratoneau and Pomegue which are seen as soon as you get out of the port of Marseille, with some still smaller rocks near them [Massilia, p. 292], one of which contains the small fort named Chateau d!If. The Stoechades still belonged to the Massaliots in Tacitus' time (Jlist. iii. 43). The Romans who were exiled from Rome sometimes went to Massi- lia, as L. Scipio Asiaticus did; if he did not go to the Stoechades as the Scholiast says (Cic. pro Sest. c. 3); but the Roman must have found the Stoe- chades a dull place to live in. When Lucan (iii. 516) says" Stoecliados arva,"lie uses a poetic license; and Anmiianus (xv. 11) as usual in his geography blunders when he places the Stoechades about Ni- caoa and Antipolis (Nizza, Antibes). [G. L.] STOENI. [EuGANEi.] STOMA, AD, a place in Moesia on the Southern- most arm of the Danube. (^Tab. Pent.; Geogr. Rav. iv. .5.) Mannert (vii. p. 123) places it by the modern Zof. [T. H D.] STOMALIMNE. [Fossa Mariana.] STRADELA, a town of Palestine mentioned only in the Itinerarium Ilierosolymitanum as x. M.P. from Jlaximianopolis, and xii. M.P. from Sciopolis (i. e. Scythopolis), and identified by the writer with the place where Ahab abode and Elias prophesied, and — by a strange confusion — where David slew Goliath (p. 586, ed. Wesseling). The name is undoubtedly a corruption of Esdraela, the classical form of the Scriptural Jezreel. [Esdi:aei,a.] [G. W.] STRA'GONA {'S.Tpaydva), a town in the south- STRATONICEIA. 1037 eastern part of Germany, either in the country of the Silingae or in that of the Diduni, on the nor- thern slope of Mons Asciburgius. (Ptol. ii. 1 1. § 28.) If the resemblance of names be a safe guide, we might identify it with Strigau, though this hardly agrees with the degrees in which it is placed by Ptolemy; whence others suppose it to have been situated at Strehlen, between Schweidnitz and Brieq. [L. S.] STRAPELLUM. [Apulia, p. 167.] STRA'TIA. [Enispe.] STRATONI'CE (STparoi/iVrj, Ptol. iii. 13. § 11), a town of Chalcidice in Macedonia, which Ptolemy places on the Singilic gulf. Leake (^Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 160) considers that there is here the same mistake as in the case of Acanthus [Acanthus], and refers it to the Hellenic remains on the coast of the Stry- monic gulf in the confined valley ofStratmii. [E.B.J.] STRATONICEIA (SxpaToriKfia or STparoi/i/cjj, Ptol. V. 2. § 20: Eth. 2TpaToci«-eus), one of the most important towns in the interior of Caria, was situated on the south-east of Mylasa, and on the south of the river Marsyas. It appears to have been founded by Antiochus Soter, who named it; after his wife Stratonice. (Strab. xiv. p. 660 ; Steph. B. s. «.) The subsequent Syro-Macedonian kings adorned the town with splendid and costly buildings. At a later time it was ceded to the Rhodians. (Liv. xxxiii. 18, 30.) Mithridates of Pontus resided for some time at Slratoniceia, and married the daughter of one of its principal citizens. (Appian, Mithr. 20.) Some time after this it was besieged by Labienus, and the brave re- sistance it offered to him entitled it to the gratitude of Augustus and the Senate (Tac. Ann. iii. 62; Dion Cass, xlviii. 26). The emperor Hadrian is said to have taken this town under his special pro- tection, and to have changed its name into Hadriano- polis (Steph. B. /. c), a name, however, which does not appear to have ever come into use. Pliny (v. 29) enumerates it among free cities in Asia. Near the town was the temple of Zeus Chrysaoreus, at which the confederate towns of Caria held their meetings ; at these meetings the several states had votes in proportion to the number of towns they possessed. The Stratoniceans, though not of Carian origin, were admitted into the confederacy, because they possessed certain small towns or villages, which formed part of it. JMenippus, sur- named Catochas, according to Cicero {Brut. 91) one of the most distinguished orators of his time, was a native of Stratoniceia. Stephanus B. (s v. 'iSpids) mentions a town of Idrias in Caria, which had previously been called Chrysaoris; and .as Herodotus (v. 118) makes the river Marsyas, on whose banks stood the white pillars at which the Carians held their national meetings, flow from a district called Idrias, it is very probable that Antiochus Soter built the new city of Stratoniceia upon the site of Idrias. (Leake, Asia Minor, p. 235.) Eskihissar, which now occupies the place of Stratoniceia, is only a small village, the whole neigh- bourhood of which is strewed with marble fragments, while some shafts of colunms are standing single. In the side of a hill is a theatre, with the seats re- maining, and ruins of the proscenium, among which are ]iedestals of statues, some of which contain inscriptions. Outside the village there .are broken arches, with pieces of massive wall and marble coffins. (Chandler, Traveh in Asia Minor, p. 240; Leake, .i4s!a J/tno?*, p. 229 j Fellows, Asia Minor,