Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1026

 1006 SINDI. stadia from Panticapaeum, and 300 from the Iluly Harbour. But, aecordii)<r to Pliny, who calls it Civjtas Sindica (vi. 5. s. 5), it was G7 miles from the latter. It lay apparently on the lake of Coro- condauietis. According to Scylax (p. 31) Sinda was a Greek colony; thouah Mela, who calls it Sindos (i. 19), regards it, with less probability, as a sea-port founded by the Sindi themselves. (Comp. 8trab. xii. p. 496; Scymn. Fr. v. 154.) 2. A town of the Sindi, on the W. coast of the 6i,ius Magnus, or on the E. coast of the Aurea Chersonesus in India extra Gangem, between the mouths of the Durias and Daonas. (Ptol. vii. 2. § 7; Steph. B. p. 602.) [T. H. D.] SINDI (SirSoi, Herod, iv. 2S), a people in Asiatic Sarmatia, on the E. coast of the Pontus Euxinus and at the foot of the Caucasus, in the district called Sindice. (Herod. /. c; Hipponax. p. 71, ed. Welck.; Hellanic. p. 78; Dionys. Per. 681 ; Steph. B. p. 602 ; Annn. Marc. xxii. 8. § 41, &c.) Besides the sea-port of Sinda, other towns belonging to the same people were, Hermonassa, Gorgippia, and Aborace. (Strab. xi. p. 49.5.) They had a monarchical form of government (Polyaen, viii. 55), and Gorgippia was the residence of their kings. (Strab. I. c.) Nicolaus Damascenus (p. 160, ed. Orel].) mentions a peculiar custom which they had of throwing upon the grave of a deceased person as many fish as the number of enemies whom lie had overcome. Their name is variously written, and Mela calls them Sindones (ii. 19), Lucian (7W. 55), l.ivStai'oi. Eichwald (Alt Geogr. d. Kasp. M. p. 356) holds them to have been a Hindoo colony. (Comp. Bayer, Acta Petrop/ix. p. 370; St. Croix, Mem. de I Ac. des Iiiscr. xlvi. p. 403; Larcher, ad Herod, vii. p. 506; Ukert, vol. iii. pt. 2. p. 494, &c.) [T. H. D.] SI'NDICE {liv^.KT], Strab. xi. pp. 492, 495, cScc), the tract of country inhabited by the Sindi, which, according to Scylax (p. 31), lay between that belonging to the JIaeotae, on the Palus ]Iaeotis, and that of the Cercetae (the modern Cherkas), and which must therefore be sought at or near the peninsula of Taman. According to Strabo (xi. p. 492) it reached to the Achaei, and extended in a southerly direction from the Ilvpanis. [T. H. D.] SINDOCANDA (2ii'5o«ai'5a,PtoL vii. 4. § 3), a city in the middle of the W. coast of Taprobane, belonging to the people called Sandocandae. Hence it has been conjectured, either that the name of the town should be changed into Sandocanda, or that the people should be called Sindocandae. [T. H. D.] SINDOMANA {:S,ivUixava, Strab. xv. p. 701). a town on the lower course of the Indus, and in the neighbourhood of the island of Pattalene. (Comp. Arrian, Anab. vi. 15; Died. xvii. 102; Curtius, ix. 8, 13, 17.) [T.H.D.] SINDUS (2iV5os, Herod, vii. 123; Steph. B. s.v.), a maritime town of Mygdonia in Macedonia, between Theime (Thessalonica) and Chalastra. [E. B. J.] SINGA (2i77K, Ptol. v. 15. § 10), a city of the Syrian province of Commagene, to the N. of Doliche, and situated on the river Singas (Ih. § 9), (now the Stnsja)^ which had its source in Mount Pieria and flowed to the NW. till it fell into the Euphrates to the S. of Samosata. [I'. H. D.] SINGAMES {'ZtYy6.ix7]s, Arrian, Per. P. Eux. J). 10), a navigable river of Colchis, which entered the Pontus Euxinus 210 stadia N. of the Cobus, and 120 stadia SE. from the Tarsuras. (Plin. vi. 4. s. 4.) Now the Osingiri. [T. H. D.J SINIAR, SI'NGARA (to 'Ziyyapa, Dion Cass, xviii. 22), a strongly fortified post at the northern extremity of Mesopotamia, which for awhile, as appeai-s from many coins still extant, was occupied by the Eomans as an advanced colony against the Persians. Its position has not been clearly defined by ancient writers, Stephanus B. calling it a city of Arabia, near Edessa, and Ptolemy placing it on the Tigris (v. 18. § 9). There can, however, be no doubt that it and the mountain near it, called by Ptolemy 6 %-yyapa's upos (v. 18. § 2), are represented at the present day by the district of the Singcir. It ap- pears to have been taken by Trajan (Dion Cass, Ixviii. 22); and as the legend on some of the coins reads ATP . CEH . KOA . CINPAPA . and bears the head of Gordian on the obverse, it appears to have formed a Roman colony under the emperors Severus and Gordian. It was the scene of a celebrated nocturnal conflict between Constantius and Sapor, the king of Persia, the result of which was so un- satisfactory that both sides claimed the victory. (Amm. Marc, xviii. 5; Eutrop. x. 10; Sext. Ruf. c. 27.) Still later, under the reign of Julian, it is recorded that it underwent a celebrated siege, and at length was carried by the Persians by storm, though gallantly defended by the townspeople and two le- gions. (Amm. Jlarc. xx. 6.) The country around it is stated by Ammianus and Theophylactus to have been extremely arid, which rendered it equally diffi- cult to take or to relieve from a distance. [V.] SINGIDA'VA (2i77i5wa, Ptol. iii. 8. § 8), a town in the interior of Dacia, between the rivers Ty- sia and Aluta, now Z'orrt on the J/aroscA. [T.H.D.] SINGIDU'NUM (2i77i(r)5oui'o;/, or 'S.iyiv^ovvov, Ptol. iii. 9. § 3), a town in Moesia Superior, at the spot where the Savus falls into the Danubins, and on the main road along the banks of the latter liver, opposite to the town of Taurunum (Semliti) in Pan- nonia. (Itin. Ant. p. 132; Iti7i. Hierosol. p. 563.) By Procopius (de Aed. iv. 6. p. 287) it is called 2i777j5a5i'. It was a fortress, and the head-quarters of the Legio iv. Flavia Felix (Not. Imp.), the modern Belgrade. [T. H. D.] SI'NGILI or SINGILIS, a town of Hispania Baetica. (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3.) It lay near Caslillon or Valsequilla, and D'Anville (i. p. 39) identifies it with Puente de don Gonzalo. Concerning its ruins and inscriptions, see Florez, Esp. Sagr. ix. p. 42, xii. 20; Morales, p. 21. [T. H.D.] SINGITICUS SINUS. [Singus.] Sl'NGONE (2;77d;'?j), a town of the Quadi in the south-east of Germany, mentioned by Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 30), but otherwise unknown. [L. S.j SI'NGULIS, a tributaiy river of the Baetis, navi- gable as far up as Astigi. (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3.) Now the Xe7iil. [T. H. D.] SINGUS (21770S, Herod, vii. 122; Thuc. v. 18; Bikkh, Corj}. Imcr. vol. i. p. 304 ; Ptol. iii. 13. § 1 1 ; Steph. B. s.v. Plin. iv. 17: Eth. ^tyyaloi), a town of Sithonia in Jlacedonia, upon the gulf to which it gave its name, Singiticus Sinus (2i77iTi»cbs K6iros, Ptol. ^. c. : Gulf of A'ghion Oros), iden- tified with Sgkia, probably a corrupted form of the old name. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 153.) [E.B.J.] SINIAR, a district of Babylonia, which is men- tioned in Genesis under the title of the " land of Shinar." It is noticed under the name of 'Sivyo.ap rrjs BaSvAoovias by Histiaeus of Miletus, quoted by Josephus (Ant-Jiid. i. 5) and Eusebius (Praepar. Evang. ix. 15; comp. Gen. xi. 2; Isaiah, x. 11}