Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/88

Rh 76 PACCIUS. P. PACA'RIUS, DE'CIMUS, procurator of Cor- sica in A. D. 69, wished to send assistance to Vi- tellius, but was murdered by the inhabitants. (Tac. HisL ii. 1 6.) PACATIA'NUS, a Roman emperor, known to us only from coins, a specimen of which is annexed. From the number of coins of this emperor found in Austria, Eckhel thinks that the brief reign of Pa- catianus was probably in Pannonia or Moesia. The full name of Pacatianus was Ti. Cl. Mar. Paca- TIANUS. Mar. is variously interpreted, some making it Alarius, some Marcius, and others Ma- rinus. Eckhel adopts the last, and assigns the coins to the times of Philippus and Decius (Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 338). There was a Pacatianus, consul A. D. 332, in the reign of Constantine {Fasti). COIN OF THE EMPEROR PACATIANUS. PACA'TUS, CLAU'DIUS, although a centu- rion, was restored to his master by Domitian, when he was proved to be his slave. (Dion Cass. Ixvii. 13.) PACA'TUS, DREPA'NIUS. [Drepanius.] PACA'TUS, MINU'CIUS. [Irenaeus, No. 3.] PACCIA'NUS. ]. Was sent by Sulla into Mauritania to help Ascalis, whom Sertorius was attacking, but he was defeated and slain by Serto- rius. (Plut. Sert. 9.) 2. C, a Roman prisoner taken on the defeat of Crassus by the Parthians. As he bore the greatest resemblance to Crassus among the prisoners, the Parthians put on him a female dress, and paraded him in mockery of the Roman general. (Plut. Crass. 32.) PA'CCIUS. This name is frequently written Pactius, but in inscriptions we only find Paccius, and the derivative Paccianus also points to Paccius as the correct orthography. It appears that the name was originally not Roman. [See Nos. 1 and 2.] 1. Ovius Paccius, a priest in the Sainnite army, B. c. 293 (Li v. x. 38). 2. Paccius and Vibius, two brothers, the noblest among the Bruttii, came to the consul Q. Fabius in B. c. 209 to obtain pardon from the Ro- mans (Liv. xxvii. 15). 3. M. Paccius, a friend of Atticus, b. c. 54 {Cic. ad Att. iv. 16). 4. Paccius African us, expelled from the senate after the death of Vitellius, a. d. 70 (Tac. Hist. iv. 41). 5. Paccius Orfitus. [Orfitus, No. 3.] PA'CCIUS (UdKKios), or PACCIUS ANTIO- CHUS {TloLKKios ^Avrioxos), a physician about the beginning of the Christian era, who was a pupil of Philonides of Catana, and lived probably P ACHES. at Rome. He made a large fortune by the sale of a certain medicine of his own invention, which was much employed, and the composition of which he kept a profound secret. At his death he left his prescription as a legacy to the Emperor Tiberius, who, in order to give it as wide a circulation as possible, ordered a copy of it to be placed in all the public libraries. (Scribon. Larg. De Compos. Medicam. c. 23. §97. p. 209 ; Marcell. Empir. De Medicam. c. 20. p. 324.) Some of his medical formulae are quoted by Galen {De Compos. Medi- cam. sec. Loc. iv. 4, 8, ix. 4, vol. xii. pp. 715, 751, 760, 772, 782, xiii. 284 ; De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. vii. 7, vol. xiii. p. 984), Scribonius Largus (/. c, and c. 40. § 156. p.218), Aetius (ii. 3. § 109, 111, pp.354, 359), and Marcellus Empiricus (/. c). [W. A. G.] PACENSIS, AEMI'LIUS, was tribune of the city cohorts {urhanae cohortes) at the death of Nero, but was deprived of this office by Galba. He sub- sequently joined Otho, who restored to him his tribunate, was chosen one of the generals of Otho's army, and perished fighting in the Capitol against the Vitellian troops, a. d. Qd. (Tac. Hist. i. 20, 87, ii. 12, iii. 73.) P ACHES {Uaxns). An Athenian general, the son of a man named Epicurus (or, according to Diod. xii. 6b^ Epiclerus). In the autumn of B. c. 428 Paches was sent out at the head of 1000 hoplites to reinforce the troops which, on the revolt of Mytilene, had been sent out under Cleippides, and had entrenched themselves in two forts near the citj-, while the fleet blockaded the harbour. On the arrival of Paches a wall was carried round the city on the land side, with forts at the strongest points. In the summer of B. c. 427 the Spartans sent a fleet under the command of Alcidas for the relief of Mytilene ; but Alcidas delayed so much on his voyage that the Myti- lenaeans, and even Salaethus, whom the Spartans had sent before their fleet, gave up all hopes of its arrival. By the advice of Salaethus the com- monalty of the Mytilenaeans were entrusted wiih the arms of the regular infantry ; but they forth- with rose against the aristocratical party, and the latter, fearing a capitulation on tlie part of the commonalty, surrendered the city to Paches, leav- ing the decision of their fate entirely to the Athenians. At this juncture Alcidas arrived at Embaton ; but, instead of attacking the Athenians, sailed southwards along the coast of Ionia. Paches, hearing from many quarters of the approach of the Peloponnesian fleet, set out in pursuit of it ; but, not coming up with it, returned at leisure along the coast of Ionia. In his course he touched at Notium. Here his assistance was called in by the democratical party, who were being hard pressed by their political opponents, who were supported by the ruling party among the Colo- phonians, and by a body of mercenaries, com- manded by an Arcadian named Hippias, borrowed from the satrap Pissuthnes. Paches invited Hippias to a parley; but when he came he imme- diately arrested him, and forthwith attacked the garrison, which was overpowered and cut to pieces. Hippias, with whom Paches had made a solemn engagement, that, if the parley did not lead to an agreement, he should be reconducted in safety into the town, was taken by Paches within the wallh, and then barbarously put to death by being shot with arrows ; Paches urging that he had fulfilled