Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/740

Rh 728 SATYRUS. lations with Athens, which he appears to have already found in existence, and which were still farther extended by his son Leucon [Leucon]. His conduct in this respect, as related by Iso- crates, would lead us to form a favourable estimate of his character (Isocrat. Trapezit. pp. 359, 3G0, 370 ; Lysias pro Maniith. p. 145 ; Demosth. c. Lept. p. 467). He was slain at the siege of Theu- dosia in B. c. 393, and was succeeded by his son, Leucon. (Diod. xiv. 93 ; Harpocration. v. 0€u- ^oaiav.) 2. Satyr us II. was the eldest of the three sons of Paerisades I., and was in consequence ap- pointed by ^is father to succeed him in the sove- reign power. But on the death of Paerisades (b.c. 311), his second son Eumelus contested the crown with his brother, and had recourse to the assist- ance of Aripharaes, king of one of the neighbouring Scythian tribes, who supported him with a larg army, featyrus, however, defeated their combined forces, and followed up his advantage by laying siege to the capital of Aripharnes ; but, while pressing the assault with vigour, he was himself mortally wounded, and died immediately after, having reigned hardly nine months from his fa- ther's death. (Diod. XX. 22, 23, 2Q.) It is probable that the Satyrus who is mentioned by Deinarchus {in Demosth. p. d6 among the tyrants of Bosporus as early as B. c, 324, is the same with the preceding, who may have been ad- mitted by his father to a share of the sovereign power during his own lifetime. 3. There is a king of Bosporus of the name of Satyrus, mentioned by Polyaenus (viii. 55), as waging unsuccessful wars with Tirgatao, a queen of the Ixomatae, who is probably distinct from either of the preceding, as that author represents him as dying of grief for his ill success, and being succeeded b)' his son Gorgippus. But nothing is known of the period to which these events are to be referred. [E. H. B.] SA'TYRUS {■S.drvpos), literarj-. 1. A cele- brated musician of Thebes, father of the flute- player Antigenidas (Suid. s. v. 'AvTiy^vi^as). Since his son was the flute-player of Philoxenus, Satyrus himself must have flourished about the latter period of the Peloponnesian War. [Phi- loxenus, No. 1.] 2. The son of Theognis, of Marathon, a dis- tinguished comic actor at Athens, and a contempo- rary of Demosthenes, is said to have given instruc- tions to the young orator in the art of giving full effect to his speeches by appropriate action. (Plut. Dem. 7.) The same orator relates an honourable anecdote of him, that having once been at a fes- tival given by Philip king of Macedon, after the capture of Olynthus (b. c. 347), when the king ■was making large presents to all the other artists, Satyrus begged, as his reward, the liberation of two of the Olynthian captives, daughters of an old friend of his, to whom he afterwards gave marriage portions at his own cost. (Dem. de fats. Leg. pp. 401, 402 ; Diod. xvi. 55.) He is also mentioned incidentally by Plutarch {De se ips. c. inv. laud. p. 545, f.). Athenaeus (xiii. p. 591,e.) quotes a statement respecting Phryne from the PampUla of " Sa- tyrus, the actor, of Olynthus," from which it would seem that Satyrus not only acted comedies, but also wrote some. Either Athenaeus may have called him an Olynthian carelessly, from the SAVERRIO. scene of the anecdote in Demosthenes being at Olynthus, or he may have settled at Olynthus. 3. Another flute-player, perhaps a descendant of No. 1, of whom Aelian ( V. H. xxxiii, 13) tells us that, having often heard the lectures of the Stoic philosopher Ariston of Chios, he became so attached to the study of philosophy as often to be tempted to devote his flutes to the fate with which Pandarus in Homer {11. v. 215) threatens his bow and arrows. 3. A distinguished Peripatetic philosopher and historian, who lived in the time of Ptolemy Philo- pator, if not later. He wrote a collection of biogra- phies, among which were lives of Philip and Demo- sthenes, and which is frequently cited by ancient writers. He also wrote on the population of Alexandria ; and a work Ilepl xapaKTr//^wi'. (Vos- sius, de Hid. Graec. p. 495, ed. Westermann ; Fabric. BiU. Graec. vol. iii. pp. 51, 504.) 4. An epigrammatic poet, who is mentioned in the titles to his epigrams in the Palatine and Pla- nudean Anthologies by the various names of Satyrius^ Satyrus, Satyrus Thy'iilus., and Thyillus or Thy'ilus alone. Jacobs supposes the epigrams to be by two different persons, the one named Satyrus and the other Thyillus. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 276 ; Jacobs, Antli. Graec. vol, ii. p. 252, xiii. pp. 949,950.) [P. S.] SA'TYRUS, artists. 1. One of the architects of the celebrated Mausoleum, of which also he wrote a description. (Vitruv. vii. Praef. § 12 ; Phileus ; for an account of the building see the art. Mausoleum in the Diet, of Antiq. 2d ed.) 2. An architect Avho lived in Egypt under Ptolemy Philadelphus, and to whom some ascribed the transport to its site and the erection of one of the great obelisks. (Plin. H.N. xxxvi. 9. s. 14.) [P. S.] SA'TYRUS (SaTupos), a physician in the second century after Christ, a pupil of Quintus (Galen, De Anatom. Admin, i. 1, 2, vol. ii. pp. 217, 225 ; DeAntid. i, 14, vol. xiv. p. 71 ; Com- ment, in Hippocr. " De Nat. Hom."' ii. 6, vol. xv. p. 136 ; Comment, in Hippocr. " Praedict. /." i. 5, vol. xvi. p. 524 ; Comment, in Hippocr. " Epid. Ill,'' i. 29, vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 515), whose opinions he accurately preserved and transmitted to his own pupils without addition or omission (id. De Ord. Libror. Suor. vol. xix. p. 58). He passed some years at Pergamus (id. vol. ii. p. 224), where he was one of Galen's earliest tutors, about the year 149 (id. vol. ii. p. 217, xiv. 69, xv. 136, xvi. 484, 524, xvii, A. 575, xix. 57). He wrote some anato- mical works (id. vol. xv. p. 136), and a commen- tary on part (if not the whole) of the Hippocratic Collection (id. vol. xvi. pp. 484, 524) ; but none of his writings are now extant. [ W. A. G.] SAVE'RRIO, the name of a patrician family of the Sulpicia Gens. 1. P. SuLPicius Saverrio, consul B.C. 304, with P. Sempronius Sophus. According to the Triumphal Fasti, Saverrio triumphed in this year over the Samnites ; but this appears to be an error, since Liyy relates that, though Saverrio remained in Samnium with a small army, all hostilities were suspended, while negotiations were carried on for a peace. Towards the end of the year the peace was concluded. Livy says that the ancient alliance was restored to the Samnites ; but Niebuhr points out that this is a mistake, and directs attention to the statement of Dionysius, that, in the treaty