Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/652

Rh 640 RACILIUS. dotti da G. Montanari"; and in 1835Kreyss)g published "' Commentatio de C. Sallustii Crispi His- toriarimi Libr. III. fragmentis, &c. atque Carminis Latini de Bello Actiaco sive Alexandrino frag- menta" (8vo. Misen. 1835), which contains a condensed view of the discussions to which tliese morsels have given rise. Fulgentius Planciades in his exposition of the word Ahstemius quotes a line from " Rabiiius in Satyra," where some MSS. give Rubnus, a name entirely unknown. Admitting that the common reading is correct, it is impossible, in the absence of all further information, to determine whether the Rabirius referred to is the same Rabirius who is noticed by Velleius, Ovid, Seneca, and Quin- tilian, or a different person, and there seems to be scarcely standing-room for controversy. A good deal, notwithstanding, has been written upon the question, as may be seen by consulting Casaubon, de Satytic. Foes. ii. 3 ; Ruperti, Proleg. ad Ju- venal. ; Wernsdorf, Poet. Lat. Min. vol, iii. p. 19 ; Weichert, de Lucio Vavio Foeta, Excurs. iv., de Pedone et Rabirio Poetis ; Haupt, Rliein. Mus. Neiie Folge, vol. iii. 2, p. 308. [ W. R.] RABI'RIUS, a Roman architect of the time of Domitian, who is highly praised by Martial for his skill as an artist and his virtues as a man (vii. 56, X. 71). The erection of Domitian's palace on the Palatine is ascribed to him by modern writers, but on what authority we have been unable to discover. (Hirt, Geschichie der Baukunsi, vol. ii. p. 350 ; Miiller, Arch'doloc/ie der Kunst, § 190, M. 3.) [P.S.] L. RABO'NIUS, was one of the sufferers from the unrighteous decisions of Verres, in his praetor- ship, B. c. 74. (Cic. Verr. i. 50, 51.) RABULEIUS. 1. C. Rabuleius, tribune of the plebs, B. c. 486, attempted to mediate between the consuls in the disputes occasioned between them by tlie agrarian law proposed by the consul Sp. Cassias in that year. (Dionys. viii. 7*2.) 2. M Rabuleius, a member of the second decemvirate, B, c. 450 (Liv. iii. 35 ; Dionys. x. 58, xi. 23). Dionysins (x. 58) calls him a patri- cian, whereas he speaks of the other Rabuleius [No. 1] as a plebeian. As no other persons of this name are mentioned by ancient writers, we have no means for determining whether the gens was patrician or plebeian. RACI'LIA, the wife of L. Quintius Cincinnatus. (Liv. iii. 26.) L. RACI'LIUS, tribune of the plebs, B.C. 56, was a warm friend of Cicero and of Lentulus Spinther. Cicero had returned from exile in the preceding year, and Racilius had then distinguished himself by his exertions to obtain the recall of the orator. In his tribuiieship he attacked Clodius in the senate, with the utmost severity ; and he al- lowed Cicero to publish, under his name, an edict against his great enemy. This document, which is cited b}-" an ancient scholiast under the name of Edictum L. Racilii Tribrmi Piebi, is now lost (Cic. pro Plane. 32, ad Q. Fr. ii. 1. § 2, ii. 6. § 5, ad Fam. i. 7. § 2 ; Schol. Bob. jrro Plane, p. 268, ed. Orelli). In the civil war Racilius espoused Caesar's party, and was with his army in Spain in B. c. 48. There he entered into the conspiracy formed against the life of Q. Cassias Longinus, the governor of that province, and was put to death with the other conspirators, by Longinus. [LoNGlNUS, No. 15.] CHirt. B. Alex. 52, 66.) RALLA. RA'CIUS CONSTANS, governor of Sardinia, under Septimius Severus, by whom he was put to death. (Dion Cass. Ixxv. 16.) RADAGAISUS i^VoZo-ydiaos, according to Zo- simus), invaded Italy at the head of a formidable host of barbarians, in the reign of the emperor Honorius. The swarm of barbarians collected by him beyond the Rhine and the Danube amounted to 200,000, or perhaps to 400,000 men, but it matters little how many there were. This for- midable host was composed of Germanic tribes, as Suevians, Burgundians, and Vandals, and also of Celtic tribes. Jornandes calls Radagaisus a Scy- thian ; whence we ma}'^ infer that he belonged to one of those Germanic tribes which, at the begin- ning of the fifth century, arrived in Germany from their original dwellings north of the Euxine, especially as he is sometimes called a king of the Goths. In A. D. 406 Radagaisus invaded Italy, destroyed many cities, and laid siege to Florence, then a young but flourishing cit}'. The saf<;ty of Italy had been entrusted to Stilicho, who had been observing his movements with a small army, consisting of picked soldiers, and reinforced by a contingent of Huns and Goths, commanded by their chiefs liuldin and Sarus. Stilicho now approached to save Florence if possible, and to do his utmost for the preservation of Rome. The barbarians were entrenched on the hills of Faesulae in a strong position, but Stilicho succeeded in surround- ing those barren rocks by an extensive line of cir- cumvallation, till Radagaisus was compelled, by the failure of food, to issue forth and offer battle. He was driven back within his own lines, and at last capitulated, on condition that his own and his people's lives should be saved. But Stiliclio vio- lated the agreement ; Radagaisus was put to death, and his warriors were sold as slaves. This miser- able end of the barbarians and the fortunate de- livery of Florence was attributed to a miracle. (Zosim. V. p. 331, ed. Oxon. 1G79 ; Jornand. De Regn. Success, p. bQ, ed. liindenbrog ; Oros. vii. 37 ; Augiistin. de Civ. Dei, v. 23 ; Marcelliu. and Prosper, Chronic.) [W. P.] M. RAE'CIUS. 1. Was sent as ambassador into Gaul, with Sex. Antistius, in B. c. 208, to make inquiries respecting the apprehended march of Hasdrubal into Italy. (Liv. xxvii. 36.) 2. Praetor b. c. 170. (Liv. xliii. 11.) RAGO'NIUS. 1. Ragonius Celsus, governed the Gauls under the emperor Severus, who ad" dressed a letter to him, which is preserved by Spar- tianus. (Spartian. Fesc. Niger, 3.) 2. Ragonius Clarus, praefectus of Illyricuiaj and the Gauls under the emperor Valerian, whc addressed a letter to him, which is likewise prei served. (Trebell. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 18.) 3. L. Ragonius Quintianus, consul with Mi< Macrius Bassus, in the reign of Diocletian, a. 289 (Fasti). RALLA, the name of a plebeian family of th« Marcia gens. 1. M. Marcius Ralla, praetor urbanus B, Ci,; 204. He accompanied Scipio to Africa, and was one of the legates whom Scipio sent to Rome in B. 202, with the Carthaginian ambassadors, when th« latter sued for peace. (Liv. xxix. 11,13, xxx. 38.) 2. Q. Marcius Ralla, was created duuravi*^ in B. c. 194, for dedicating a temple, and again ii B. c. 192, for the same purpose. (Liv. xxxiv. XXXV. 41.)