Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/648

Rh 636 QUINTILIANUS. pressed but spirited history of Greek and Roman literature, in which the merits and defects of the great masters, in so far as they bear upon the object in view, are seized upon, and exhibited with great precision, force and truth. One hundred and sixty-four declamations are extant under the name of Quintilian, nineteen of considerable length ; the remaining one hundred and forty-five, which form the concluding portion only of a collection which originally extended to three hundred and eighty-eight pieces, are mere ske- letons or fragments. No one believes these to be the genuine productions of Quintilian, although some of them were unquestionably received as such by Lactantius and Jerome, and few suppose that they proceeded from any one individual. They apparently belong not only to different per- sons, but to different periods, and neither in style nor in substance do they offer any thing which is either attractive or useful. The conjecture, founded on a sentence in Trebellius PoUio {Triij. Tyran. iv.), that they ought to be ascribed to the younger Postumus, does not admit of proof or refutation. At the end of the eighth book of the Institu- tions, we read " Sed de hoc satis, quia eundem locum plenius in eo libro quo causas corrwptae eloquentiae reddebamus, tractavimus." These words have very naturally led some scholars to conclude that the well-known anonymous Dialogns de Ora- ioribtis, written in the sixth year of Vespasian (see c. 17), and which often, although upon no good authority, bears the second title Sive de Causis Corruptae Eloquentiae, ought to be assigned to Quintilian. This hypothesis, for many reasons, cannot be maintained, but the authorship of the tract may with greater propriety be discussed under Tacitus, among whose works it is now generally printed. The first MS. of Quintilian was discovered in the monastery of St. Gall by Poggio the Floren- tine, when he was attending the council of Con- stance, and is probably the same with the Codex Laurentianus, now preserved at Florence. The Editio Princeps of the Institutions was printed at Rome by Phil, de Lignamine, fol. 1470, with a letter prefixed from X A. Campanus to Cardinal F. Piccolomini, and a second edition was printed at the same place in the same year, by Sweynheim and Pannartz, with an address from Andrew Bishop of Aleria to Pope Paul the Second. These were followed by the edition of Jenson, fol. Venet. 1471, and at least eight more appeared before the end of the fifteenth century. The nine- teen larger Declamations and The Institutions were first published together at Treviso, fol. 1482. One hundred and thirty-six of the shorter de- clamations were first published at Parma by Tadeus Ugoletus in 1494, were reprinted at Paris in 1509, and again at the same place with the notes and emendations of Petrus Aerodius in 1563. The remaining nine were added from an ancient MS. by Petrus Pithoeus (Paris, 8vo. 1580), who ap- pended to them fifty-one pieces of a similar de- scription bearing the title " Ex Calpurnio Flacco Excerptae X. Rhetorum Minorum." The most important editions of Quintilian are, that of Burmann, 2 vols. 4to., Lug. Bat. 1720; that of Gesner, 4to. Gott. 1738 ; and best of all, that begun by Spalding and finished by Zumpt, 6 vols. 8vo. Lips. 1798—1829. The first of the above contains both the Institutiona and the whole QUINTILLUS. of the Declamations, the two others the InstitU' tions only. The Institutions have been translated into Eng- lish by Guthrie, 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1756, 1805, and by Patsall, 2 vols, 8vo. Lond. 1774 ; into French by M. de Pure, 2 vols. 4to. Paris, 1663 ; bv the Abbd Gedoyn, 4to. Paris, 1718, 12mo. 1752, 1770, 1810, 1812, 1820; and by C. V. Ouizille, 8vo. Paris, 1829 ; into Italian by Orazio Toscanella, 4to. Venez. 1568, 1584 ; and by Garilli, Vercelli, 1780 ; into German by H. P. C. Henke, 3 vols. 8vo. Helmstaedt, 1775 — 1777 ; republished with corrections and additions, by J. Billerbeck, 3 vols. 8vo. Helmstaedt, 1825. The Declamations have been translated into English by Warr, 8vo. Lond. 1686 (published anonymously) ; into French by Du Teil, 4to. Paris, 1658 (the larger declamations only) ; into Italian by Orazio Toscanella, 4to. Venez. 1586 ; and into German by J. H. Steffens, 8vo. Zelle, 1767 (a se- lection only). [W. R.] QUINTILIA'NUS, NO'NIUS. 1. Sex. No- nius L. F. L. N. QuiNTiLiANUS, was consul A. D. 8 with M. Furius Camillus (Fasti Capit. ; Dion Cass. Iv. 33). It appears from coins that he was also triumvir of the mint under Augustus (Eckhel, vol. V. p. 262). 2. Sex. Nonius Quintilianus, probably a son of the preceding, was consul sufFectus in the reign of Caligula, a. d. 40 (Fasti). QUINTI'LIUS CONDIA'NUS. [Condia- NUS.] QUINTI'LIUS MAXIMUS. [Condianus.] QUINTFLIUS, a gem-engraver, of unknown time. Two of his works are extant ; the one representing Neptune drawn by two sea-horses, cut in beryl (Stosch, No. 57 ; Bracci, pi. 100) ; the other a naked Mercury {Spilsbury Gems, No. 27). [P. S.] QUINTILLUS, M. AURE'LIUS, the brother of the emperor M. Aurelius Claudius Gothicns, was elevated to the throne by the troops whom he commanded at Aquileia, in A. d. 270. But as the army at Sinnium, where Claudius died, had pro- claimed Aurelian emperor, Quintillus put an end to his own life, seeing himself deserted by his own soldiers, to whom the rigour of liis discipline had given offence. Most of the ancient writers say that he reigned only seventeen days ; but since we find a great number of his coins, it is probable that he enjoyed the imperial dignity for a few months, as Zosimus states. He had two children. His character is said to have been un- blemished, and his praises are sounded in the same lofty strain as those of his brother. [See Vol. I. p. 777.J (Trebell. Poll. Claud. 10, 12, 13; Eutrop. ix. 12; Vict. Epit. 34; Zosim. i. 47 ; Eckhel, vol. vii. pp.477, 478.) COIN OP QUINTILLUS. QUINTILLUS, PLAU'TIUS. 1. Consul in A.D. 159 with Statius Priscus (Fasti).