Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/504

Rh 492 POMPEIUS. to this title, and his defeat of the fleet of Augustus oft" Sicily enabled him to assume it a second time. The legend on the obverse, praefectus classis ET ORAE MARiTiMAE EX s. c, which appears on many of the coins of Sextus, has reference to the decree of the senate which conferred upon him the. command of the fleet shortly after the death of Julius Caesar, as has been already related. The third com is intended to indicate Pompey's com- mand of the sea. It represents on the obverse a war-galley with a column, on which Neptune is standing, and on the reverse Scylla holding an oar in her two hands, and in the act of striking. (Eckhel, vol. vi. pp. 26—33.) 26. PoMPEiA, tlie daughter of the triumvir, married Faustus Sulla. [Pompeia, No. 4. J 27. Pompeia, the daughter of Sex. Pompeius, No. 25. [Pompeia, No. 5.] 28. Cn. Pompeius Magnus, was descended from the family of the triumvir, but his pedigree is not stated by the ancient writers. He was, most probably, a son of M. Licinius Crassus, Cos. a. d. 29, and Scribonia ; the latter of whom was a daughter of Scribonius Libo and of Pompeia, the daughter of Sex. Pompey, who was a son of the triumvir. He would thus have been a great-grand- son of Sex. Pompey, and great-great-grandson of the triumvir [see Sterama on p. 475j. It was not uncommon in the imperial period for persons to drop their paternal names, and assume the names of their maternal ancestors. Caligula would not allow this Pompey to use the cognomen of Magnus ; but it was restored to him by the em- peror Claudius, whose daughter Antonia he married. He WHS sent by his father-in-law to the senate to proclaim his victory over Britain. He was sub- sequently put to death by Claudius, at the instiga- tion of Messalina. (Dion Cass. Ix. 5, 21, 29 ; Zonar. xi. 9 ; Suet. Cal. 35, Claud. 27, 29 ; Senec. Apocol. Claud.) 29. M. Pompeius, the commander of the cavalry under Lueullus, in the third Mithridatic war. He was wounded and taken prisoner (Appian, Mithr. 79 ; Memnon, 45, ed. Orelli). Plutarch calls him Pomponius (Zaca/^. 15), which Schweighauser has introduced into the text of Appian, though all the MSS. of Appian have Pompeius. 30. Cn. Pompeius, served in Caesar's army in Gaul, under the legate Q. Titurius, in u. c. 54. (Caes. B. G. v. 36.) 31. Cn. Pompeius, consul sufFectus from the 1st of October, B.c. 31 (Fasti). POMPEIUS, a Latin grammarian of uncertain date, probably lived before Servius and Cassio- dorus, as these writers appear to have made some use of his works. He wrote, 1. Conimeiitum artis JDonati, on the different parts of speech, in thirty- one sections, and 2. Commeniariolus in librum Donati de Barbaris el Metaplasmis, in six sections. Both these works were published, for the first time, b}'^ Lindemann, Leipzig, U521. POMPEIUS CATUSSA, an artist, whose name is found on a monument which he erected to his wife's memory, and which is now in the mu- seum at Lyon. He is described in the inscription as a citizen of Sequana, and a lector., that is, one of those artists who decorated the interiors of houses with ornamental plastering, a sort of work of which there are numerous examples at Pompeii. (R. Rochette, Lellre a M. Schorn, p. 437.) POMPEIUS COLLE'GA. [Collega.] POMPUNIA. POMPEIUS FESTUS. [Fkstus.] POMPEIUS GALLUS. [Gallus.] POMPEIUS GROSPHUS. [Grosphus.] POMPEIUS LENAEUS. [Lenakus ] POMPEIUS LONGFNUS. [Longinus.] POMPEIUS MACER. [Macer.] POMPEIUS MA'CULA. [Macula.] POMPEIUS PAULFNUS. [Paulinus.] POMPEIUSPROPINQUUS.[Propinquus.] POMPEIUS RHKGI'NUS. [Rheginus.] POMPEIUS SATURN I 'NUS. [Saturni- nus.J POMPEIUS THEOTHANES. [Theo- phanes.] POMPEIUS TROGUS. [J ustinus,p. 6 80.1 POMPEIUS VARUS. [V^^usfT ""■" POMPEIUS VINDULLUS. [Vindullus.] POMPEIUS VOPISCUS. [Vopiscus.] PO'MPIDAS (no/x7rfS7js), a Theban, who was one of the leaders of the party in his native city favourable to the Roman interests. On this account he was driven into exile, when Ismenias and his partizans obtained the direction of affairs, and con- cluded a treaty with Perseus. He afterwards took a prominent part in the accusation of Ismenias and his colleagues before the Roman deputy, Q. Marcius Philippus, at Chalcis, B. c. 171. (Polyb. xxvii. 2.) [E. H. B.] POMPI'LIA GENS, is early mentioned. There was a tribune of the plebs of the name of Sex. Pompilius in B. n. 420 (Liv. iv. 44) ; and Q. Cicero speaks (de Pet. Cons. 1^) of a Roman eques of the name, who was a friend of Catiline ; but these are almost the only Pompilii of whom we have any account, with the exception of the grammarian mentioned below. The gentes, which traced their descent from Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome, bore other names. [Cal,- PURNiA Gens ; Pomponia Gens.] M. POMPI'LIUS ANDRONPCUS, was a Syrian by birth, and taught rhetoric at Rome in the former half of the first century before Christ, but in consequence of his indolent habits he was eclipsed by Antonius Gnipho and other gram- marians, and accordingly retired to Cumae, where he composed many works. His most celebrated work was entitled Annalium Ennii Elenchi, but the exact meaning of Elenchi is a disputed point. The elder Pliny uses it to signify a list of contents to his work on Natural History. (Suet, de III. Gravim. 8.) POMPO'NIA. 1. Wife of P. Cornelius Scipio, consul B. c. 218, and mother of P. Scipio Africanus the elder. (Sil. Ital. xiii. 615 ; comp. Gell. vii. 1.) 2. The sister of T. Pomponius Atticus, was married to Q. Cicero, the brother of the orator. The marriage was effected through the mediation of M. Cicero, the great friend of Atticus, B. c. 68, but it proved an extremely unhappy one. Pom- ponia seems to have been of a quarrelsome dis- position, and the husband and wife were on bad terms almost from the day of their marriage. Their matrimonial disputes gave Cicero great trouble and uneasiness. His letters to Atticus frequently contain allusions to the subject. His friend naturally thought his sister ill used, and besought Cicero to interpose on her behalf; but the latter as naturally advocated the cause of his brother, who really seems to have been the least in fault. In a letter which Cicero wrote to Atticun in B. c. 51 he gives an auiusiug account of one of