Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/367

Rh PHOTIUS. mentary on the Prophets, PropMarum Liber, ascribed to him by Cave, Fabricius, and others, appears to have no real existence ; the supposition of its existence was founded on the misapprehension of a passage in Possevino's J/ipara^MS -Sacer. (Mai, Prolegom. ut sup. p. I.) 3. Homiliae XIV., extant in MS. at Moscow, of the subjects of which a list is given in the Auctariuin Novissimum (ad calc. vol. i.) of Combefis, in the De Scripioribus Eccle- siasticis of Oudin (col. 210, &c.), and in the BiJdio- thcca Graeca (vol. xi. p. 30, &c.) of Fabricius. To these may be added two other homilies, De Ascen- sione, and In Festo Epiphaniae, and an Encomium Proto-Martyris Tlmclae (Fabric, ibid^. 4. Odae. Nine are or were extant in a MS. formerly belong- ing to the college of Clermont, at Paris ; and three in an ancient Barberini MS. at Rome. The latter are described by Mai {Proleg. p. xliv.) as of mo- derate length, and written in pleasing verse. Some Epigrammata of Photius are said to be extant (Montfaucon, Bibl. Coislin. p. 520) ; but the 2ti- X'Hpov, In Methodiuin CPoL, said to be given in the Acta Sanctorum, Junii, vol. ii. p. QQ£), is not to be found there. 5. ^Eiriroixri twu vpaKTiKwu twv iirra oIkouij.cvik£v (tvv65ci>u. Epitome Actorum Conciliorum septem Generaliiim. This is described by Cave and Fabricius as a different work from the published piece [No. 4, above]. Some critics have doubted whether it is different from the similar work ascribed to Photius of Tyre [No. 3] : but as this prelate lived in the time of the third or fourth councils, he could not have epitomised the Acta of the fifth, sixth, and seventh. So that the Epitome cannot be by Photius of Tyre, whatever doubt there may be as to its being the work of our Photius. 6. The Syntagma Canonum has been already mentioned in speaking of the Nomo- canon. 7. YlipX t^s tov dyiov nvevfiaTOS fivcr- raywyias, De Spiritus Sancti Disciplina Arcana, 8. TlepL rod dyiou kol ^woiroiov Kal irpocxKuvriTOv TtvivpiaTos, Liber de Spiriiu Sancto, addressed to a bishop Bedas, and different from the pub- lished work. No. 9. It is described by Mai, who has given some extracts {Proleg. p. xlv.), as " liber luculentus, varius, atque prolixus." It is ascribed in one MS., but by an obvious error, to Metrophanes of Smyrna. 8. Td vrapd ttJs e/c/cATj- <r(as Tuiv Aarlvccv alTKujxaTa jxepiKa, Adversus La- tinorum Ecclesiam Criminationes Particulares, 9. Contra Francos et Latinos (Mai, Proleg. p. xlviii.) ; a very short piece. Various other pieces are men- tioned by Cave, Lambecius, Fabricius, and Mai, as extiint in MS. ; but some of these are only frag- ments of the published writings (Mai, Proleg. p. 1) enumerated by mistake as separate works. The work In Caiegorias Aristotelis, now or formerly extant in Vieima and Paris, is apparently a part of the Amphilochia (Mai, Proleg. p. xxxvi.). The works De Episcopis et Metropolitis, and the Atmo- tatio de Patriarchis sede sua injuste pulsis, mentioned by Cave and Fabricius, appear to be either the In- ierrogatio7ies decern published by Fontani, or a part of that work. (See No. 11 of the published works.) The Symbolum Fidei mentioned by Lam- becius, Cave, and Hiurles (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. aO), is part of one of the letters to Pope Nico- laus : and the Liber de Pidsione Ignatii ac liestitu- iione mentioned by Montfaucon {Bibl. Bibliotlieca- rum, p. 1 23), is also part of a letter of Pope Nicolaus ; and the fragment De decent Oratoribus, mentioned by Vossius and others, and extant in MS. in the PHOTIUS. 35.5 King's Library at Paris, is probably from the Bibliollieca (Mai, Proleg. p. 1.). Some works have perished, as that against the heretic Leontius of Antioch, mentioned by Suidas (s. v. Aeovrios). Photius wrote also against the emperor Julian (Phot. Epist. 187, ed. Montac), and in defence of the use of images. Some writings, or fragments of writings of his on this subject {Adversus Icono- machos et Paulicianos, and De Differentia inter sacras Imagines atque Idola) are extant in the Imperial Library at Vienna, but whether in distinct works, or under what title, does not appear to be known. In the Syjiodicun of Bishop Beveridge (vol. ii, ad fin. part i.) a short piece is given, of which the running title is Balsamon in Photii Interrogationes quorumdam Monachorum ; but the insertion of the name of Photius is altogether incorrect ; the work belongs to the time of the emperor Alexius I. Com- nenus. The Exegesis, or Commentary of Elias Cretensis [Elias, No. 5] on iheScala Paradisi of Joannes Climacus, is, in a MS. of the Coisliniau library (Montfaucon, Bibl. Coislin. p. 141), impro- perly ascribed to Photius. Two learned Romanists, Joannes Andresius and Jacobus Morellius, have in recent times contemplated the publication of a complete edition of the works of Photius ; the latter proceeded so far as to draw up a Conspectus oi his proposed edition (Mai, Proleg. p. xliv.). But unfortunately the design has never been completed ; and the works of the greatest genius of his age have yet to be sought in the various volumes and collections, older or more recent, in which they have appeared. (Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. p. 47,&c.ed. Oxford, 1740—1743 ; Fabric. Biblioth. Graec. vol. i. p. 701, vol. vi. p. 603, vol. vii. p. 803, vol. X. p. 670, to vol. xi. p. 37, vol. xii. pp. 185, 210, 216, 348 ; Oudin, Comme7it. de Scrip- torib. et Scriptis Eccles. vol. ii. col. 200^ &c. ; Han- kius, De Rerum Byzantin. Scriptorib. pars i. c. 1 8 ; Dupin, Nouvelle Bibliotheque des Auteurs Eccles. IXme Siecle, p. 346, 2me edit. 1698 ; Ceillier, Auteurs Sacres, vol. xix. p. 426, &c. ; Ittigius, De Bibliothecis Patrum, passim ; Gallandius, Biblioth. Patrum, prolegom. in vol. xiii. ; Fontani, De Photio Novae Romae Episcopo ejusque Scriptis Dissertatio, prefixed to vol. i. of the Novae Eruditorum De- liciae ; Mai, Scriptor. Vet. Nova Collectio, proleg. in vol. i. ; Assemani, Bibliotheca Juris Oricntalis, lib. i. c. 2, 7, 8, 9 ; Vossius, De Historicis Graecis, lib. ii. c. 25.) 3. Of Tyre. On the deposition of Irenaeus, bishop of Tyre, in a. d. 448, Photius was ap- pointed his successor. Evagrius (//. E. i. 10) makes the deposition of Irenaeus one of the acts of the notorious Council of Ephesus, held in A. d. 449, and known as the " Concilium Latrocinale : " but Tillemont more correctly considers that the council only confirmed the previous deposition. (Memoires, vol. xv. p. 268.) Photius of Tyre was one of the judges appointed by the emperor Theo- dosius II., in conjunction with Eustathius, bishop of Berytus and Uranius, bishop of Himenie in Osrhoene, to hear the charges against Ibas, bishop of Edessa. Photius, Eustathius, and Uranius, met at Berytus, and Photius and Eustathius again met at Tyre, in the year 448 or 449, heard the charges, acquitted Ibas, and brought about a reconciliation between him and his accusers, who were presby- ters of his own church at Edessa, {Concil. vol. iv., col. 627, &c., ed. Labbe, vol. ii. col. 503, &c., ed. Ilardouin.) There is a considerable difficulty as A A 2