Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/166

Rh 154 PAULUS. PATTLTJS. STEMMA AEMILIORUM PAULORUBI. 1. M. Aemilius Paulus, COS. B. c. 302. I 2. M. Aemilius Paulus, COS. B. c. 255. 3. L. Aemilius Paulus, COS. B.C. 219,216. Fell at Camiae. 4. L. Aemilius Paulus Mace'donicus, COS. B.C. 182, 168. Died B. c. 160. Married Papiria, daughter of C. Papirius Maso, cos. b. c. 231. Aemilia, married P. Cornelius Scipio Afri- can us major. [See Aemilia, No. 2.] Elder son, adopted by Q. Fabius Maximus, became Q. Fabius Maximus Aemilianus. [See Maximus, Fa- bius, No. 8.] Younger son, adopted by P. Cornelius Scipio, the son of Scipio Afri- canus major, became P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus minor. [Scipio.] 1 Aemilia Prima, married Q. Aelius Tu- bero. I Aemilia Secunda, married M. Porcius Cato, the son of M. Porcius Cato, the Censor. of the soldiers offered him his horse. The heroism of his death is sung by Horace {Carm. i. 12): — Prodigum Paulum superante Poeno Gratus insigni referam Camena." (Comp. Liv. xxii. 35—49 ; Polyb. iii. 107—116.) Paulus was one of the Pontifices (Liv. xxiii. 21). He was througliout his life a staunch adherent of the aristocracy, and was raised to his second con- sulship by the latter party to counterbalance the influence of the plebeian Terentius Varro. He maintained all the hereditary principles of his party, of which we have an instance in the circum- stance related by Valerius Maximus. The senate always looked with suspicion upon the introduction of any new religious rites into the city, and ac- cordingly gave orders in the (first) consulship of Paulus for the destruction of the shrines of Isis and Serapis, which had been erected at Rome. But when no workman dared touch the sacred buildings the consul threw aside his praetexta, or robe of office, seized a hatchet, and broke the doors of one of the temples. (Val. Max. i. 3. § 3). 4. L. Aemilius L. f. M. n. Paulus, after- wards sumamed Macedonicus, was the son of No. 3, and the most distinguished member of his family. He was born about B.C. 230 or 229, since at the time of his second consulship, B.C. 168, he was upwards of sixty years of age. He was one of the best specimens of the high Roman nobles. He inherited all the aristocratical prejudices of his father, would not condescend to court and flatter the people for the offices of the state, maintained with strictness severe discipline in the army, was deeply skilled in the lore of the augurs, to whose college he belonged, and maintained throughout life a pure and unspotted character, notwith- standing the temptations to which his integrity was exposed on his conquest of Macedonia. His name is first mentioned in B.C. 194, when he was appointed one of the three commissioners for found- ing a colony at Croton. Two years afterwards, B. c. 1 92, he was elected curule aedile with M. Aemilius Lepidus, and possessed already so high a reputation that he carried his election against twelve competitors, all of whom are said to have obtained the consulship afterwards. His aedile- ship was distinguished for the zeal with which he prosecuted the pecuarii. In the following year, B.C. 191, he was praetor, and obtained Further Spain as his province, whither he went with the title of proconsul. Here he had to carry on w.ar with the Lusitani. At first he was unsuccessful, being defeated near Lyco, a town of the Bastetani, with a loss of 6000 of his men ; but he subse- quently retrieved this misfortune by gaining a great victory over the enemy, by which Spain was for a time rendered more tranquil. He returned to Rome in B.C. 189, and shortly afterwards be- came a candidate for the consulship. Several times, however, did he sue in vain for this honour (comp. Liv. xxxix. 32 ; Aur. Vict, de Vir. III. 56) ; and it was not till B. c. 1 82 that he obtained the consulship along with Cn. Baebius Tamphilus. In the following year, B.C. 181, Paulus was sent against the Ingauni, a Ligurian people, who pos- sessed a considerable naval power, with which they were in the habit of plundering the merchant- vessels as far as the Atlantic. These people he entirely subdued, razed their fortifications, and carried off their shipping ; and in consequence of his success he obtained a triumph on his return to Rome. For the next thirteen years Aemilius Paulus lived quietly at Rome, devoting most of his time to the education of his children. During the latter part of this time Rome was at war with Perseue,
 * ' animaeque magnae