Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/154

Rh 142 PAULINUS. COIN OP PAULINA, WIFE OF MAXIMINUS I. PAULLI'NUS or PAULI'NUS, a lengthened form of Paullus or Paulus, like Albinus of Albus. [Albinus, p. 90.] This cognomen only occurs under the empire. For the sake of uniformity we adopt the form Paulinus, but respecting the ortho- graphy, see Paullus. PAULI'NUS (UavXlvos), WteTuvy. 1. Of Antioch (1), better known as Paulinus of Tyre [No. 9.] 2. Of Antioch (2). Paulinus was ordained presbyter by Eustathius, bishop of Antioch [Eu- STATHius], and was a leader among the Eus- tathian party in that city. When Athanasius, after his return from exile on the death of the emperor Constantius II. and the murder of George of Cappadocia, the Arian patriarch [Geor- Gius, No. 7], assembled a council at Alexandria, Paulinus sent two deacons, Maxiraus and Cali- merus, to take part in its deliberation. He was shortly after ordained by the hasty and impetuous Lucifer of Cagliari [Lucifer] bishop of the Eu- stathians at Antioch ; a step unwarrantable and mischievous, as it prolonged the schism in the orthodox party, which would otherwise probably have been soon healed. His ordination took place in A. D. 362. He was held, according to Socrates (//. E. iv. 2) and Sozomen {H. E. vi. 7), in such respect by the Arian emperor Valens as to be al- lowed to remain when his competitor Meletius [Melktius] was banished. Possibly, however, the smallness of his party, which seems to have occupied only one small church (Socrat. H. E. iii. 9Q ; Sozom. v. 1 3), rendered him less obnoxious to the Arians, and they may have wished to per- petuate the division of the orthodox by exciting jealousy. Paulinus's refusal of the proposal of Meletius to put an end to the schism is mentioned elsewhere [Meletius, No. 1] ; but he at length consented that whichever of them died first, the survivor should be recogniz(d by both parties. On the death of Meletius, however (a. d. 381), this agreement was not observed by his party, and the election of Flavian [Flavianus, No. 1] disap- pointed the hopes of Paulinus, and embittered the schism still more. In A. D. 382 Paulinus was present at a council of the Western Church, which had all along recognised his title, and now ardently supported his cause ; but the Oriental churches generally recognised Flavian, who was de facto bishop of Antioch. Paulinus died A. d. 388 or 389. His partizans chose Evagrius to succeed him [E VAGRius, No. 1 ]. A confession of faith by Pau- linus is preserved by Athanasius and Epiphanius in the works cited below. (Epiphanius, Haeres. Ixxvii. 21, ed. Petavii ; Socrates, //. E. iii. 6, 9, iv. 2, V. 5, 9, 15 ; Sozomen, H. E. v. 12, 13, vi. 7, vii. 3, 10, 11, 15 ; Theodoret, H. E. iii. 5, v. 3, 23 ; Athanasius, Concil. Alexandrin. Epistol. PAULINUS. sen Tomus ad AntiocJienses, c. 9 ; Hieron. Epistol. ad Eustoch. No. 27, edit, vett, 86, ed. Benedict., 108, §6, ed. Vallars. ; In Rufin. lib. iii. 22; Chronicon, ed. Vallars. ; Theophan. Chronog. pp. 47, 57, 59, ed. Paris, pp. 37, 45, 47, ed. Venice, pp. 85, 104, 109, ed. Bonn ; Le Quien, Orien$ Christian, vol. ii. col. 715; Tilleraont, Memoires, vol. viii. ; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. ix. p. 314.) 3. Of BiTERRAE or Baeterrae (the modem Beziers), in Gaul, of which city he was bishop about A.D. 420. Some have thought that the Acta S. Genesii notarii Arelatensis are to be ascribed to this Paulinus rather than to Paulinus of Nola, under whose name they have been commonly published. Paulinus of Biterrae wrote an encyclical letter, giving an account of several alarming portents which had occurred at Biterrae. This letter is lost. Oudin has mistakenly said that it is cited in the Annales of Baronius. Possibly Paulinus of Biterrae is the Paulinus to whom Gennadius {De Viris Illus- trihus^ c. 68) ascribes several Tractatus de Initio Quadragesimae, &c. (Idatius, Chron. ad ann. xxv. Arcad. et Honor. ; Miraeus, Auctar. de Scriptorib. Eccles. c. 63 ; Tillemont, Alemoires, vol. v. p. 569 ; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 410, vol. i. p. 389 ; Oudin, De Scriptorib. Eccles. vol. i. col. 923 ; Fabric. Bibl. Grace, vol. ix. p. 315, Biblioth. Med. et Infim. Latinit. vol. v. p. 205, ed. Mansi ; Acta Sanctor. Aug. vol. v. p. 123, &c. ; Gallia Christiana., vol. vi. col. 295, ed. Paris, 1739 ; Histoire Litt. de la France, vol. ii. p. 131.) 4. Meropius Pontius Anicius Paulinus. [See below]. 5. Of Mediolanum or Milan. [See below.] 6. Of Nola. [See below.] 7. Of Pella or PoENiTENS, the Penitent. A poem entitled Eucharisticon de Vita Sua, by a writer of the name of Paulinus, has been twice pub- lished. It appeared among the poems of Pau- linus of Nola [see below] in the AppmdiiX to the first edition of De la Bigne's BibUotheca Pa- trum, which Appendix was published, fol. Paris, 1579, but was omitted in the following editions of the Bibliotheca, whether published at Paris, Cologne, or Lyon, and also in the Bibliotheca of Galland. It was again printed by Christianus Daumius, with the works of Paulinus Petrocorius [Petrocorius], 8vo, Leipzig, 1686. A full ac- count of the author may be gathered from the poem, which is in hexameters, not. as has been incorrectly stated, in elegiac verse. He was the son of Hesperius, proconsul of Africa, who was the son of the poet Ausonius. [Ausoniuh ; Hespe- rius.] He was born in a. d. 376, at Pella in Macedonia ; and aLer being at Carthage, where he remained a year and a half during his father's pro- consulship, he was taken at three years of age to Bourdeaux, where he appears to have been edu- cated. An illness at the age of fifteen interrupted his studies, and the indulgence of his parents al- lowed him to pursue a life of ease and pleasure, in the midst of which, however, he kept up a regard to appearances. At the age of twenty he married a lady of ancient family, and of some property. At thirty he lost his father, whose death was fol- lowed by a dispute between Paulinus and Jiis brother, who wished to invalidate his father's will to deprive his mother of her dowry. In A. d. 414 he joined Attains, who attempted to resume the purple in Gaul under the patronage of the Gothic prince Ataulphus [Ataulphus ; Attalus], and