Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/142

Rh 130 PARTHENIUS. Artemid. iv. 63). 2. 'Ap^rrjs eiriKti^eiov, a dirge on his wife Arete (Suid.). 3. 'ApvT-ns (jKcafxiov, in three books (Suid.). Either to thia work or the former maybe referred the quotation in the Scholiast on Pindar (iv rfj 'ApTjTp, Isthm. ii. 63). 4. 'Av- 0'miri (Steph. Byz. s. vv. Kpai/i'Se?, hdinrcia). 5. Ets 'Apx^^atSa eTrt/crfSetoj/ (Hephaest. p. 9). 6. Ety Kv^iQ^pLiv ^iriKribsiov (Steph. Byz. s. v. TdKK-/i(Tiov). 7. Btas(Schol. ac^/«?.ix. 446). 8. Arj- Aos (Steph. s. rv. B6)Soi'io£, Tpuj/oi). 9. 'Hpa«A7js (Steph. s. vv. "lacra, Oiucivr] ; Etymol. s. v. avpocr- X°-s)- 1 0. "icpiKKos (Steph. s. V. 'Apd<peia). 1 1 . Kpi- vay6pas (Etym, .«. v. apirvs). 12. AeuKoSiat (Steph. s. v. 'Igrjpiai). 13. npo7r6.ii7rT(/coV (Steph. s.«. Kw- pvKos). 14. Moretum. It is stated in the Am- brosian manuscript of Virgil that Parthenius wrote a work in Greek under this title, which was imitated by Virgil. 15. Meraixopcpwcreis. Whether Par- thenius was the author of this work or not is doubt- ful. Suidas (s. V. Neo-Twp), in one passage, ascribes it to Parthenius of Nicaea ; but in another (s. v. Uapdevios X7os), he attributes it to Parthenius of Chios [No. 2]. Since, however, the words in the latter passage are wanting in the old editions and in most manuscripts of Suidas, it is probable that they were not written by him, but were made up by some one from the passage on Nestor, and then in- serted under Parthenius in their wrong place. This work is likewise referred to by Eustathius {ad Dionys. 420) ; and it must be admitted, as Clinton has remarked, that the expression of Eustathius seems to imply that another Parthenius was in- tended. It is not improbable that Ovid may have borrowed from this work in his Metamorphoses. 16. Ilepl epwTiKwv iraO-niMTuu. The work last mentioned, Ilepl hpwTiKwv iraQt]- [xdruv, is the only one of the writings of Parthenius that has come down to us. It is written in prose, and contains thirty-six brief love-stories, which ended in an unfortunate manner. It is dedicated, as has been already remarked, to Cornelius Gallus, and was compiled for his use, that he might avail himself of the materials in the composition of epic and elegiac poems. The work is of some interest to us, as Parthenius gives in most cases the names of the writers from whom he derived his narratives, and thus extends our acquaintance with some Greek writers of whom we have very few fragments extant. Of this work we have only one manuscript, written in the tenth century, and preserved at present at Heidelberg. It was first printed at Basel, 1531, edited by Comarius. The principal editions are : — by Gale, in Historiae Po'iticae Scrip- tores Atitiqui^ Paris, 1675 ; by Heyne, appended to his edition of Conon, Gottingen, 1798 ; by Pas- sow, Leipzig, 1 824 ; and by Westermann, in Mi/0o- ypdcpot : Scriptores Potticae Historiae Graeci, Bruns- wick, 1843. (Fabric. Bibl Graec. vol iv. p. 305, &c.; Voss. De Hist. Graec. p. 208, &c. ed Wester- mann ; Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 548, &c. ; Lebeau, Sur les Auteurs dont Parthenius a tire ses Narrations, in Mem. de I'Acad. d. Inscrip. vol. xxxiv. p. 63, &c. ; Eckstein, in Ersch and Gruber's Encyclop'ddie., art. Parthenius.) 2. Of Chios, the son of Thestor, sumamed Chaos, was said to be a descendant of Homer, and wrote a poem on his father, Thestor (Suid.). Suidas also ascribes to him the composition of the Metamorplwses ; but we have shown above that this eentence is probably misplaced in Suidas. 3. The Grammarian, was a pupil of the Alex- PARYSATIS. andrine grammarian, Dionysius, who lived in tho first century before Christ (Suidas, s. v. Aiovvcrios). This Parthenius is mentioned by Athenaeus, who quotes a work of his, entitled Ilepl rwu Trapd ro7s laropiKo'is Ae^fup ^-qTovfjiivuiv (Athen. xi. p. 467, c. p. 501, a. XV. p. 680, d. e ), and also by Eusta- thius [ad II. xxiii. p. 1412, ad Od. xv. p. 567). 4. The Phocaean, frequently quoted by Stepha- nus Byzantinus (s. vv. TotOoi, A€k4utioi, Movpcra). In the Greek Anthology there is an epigram of Erj'cius {Anal. vol. ii. p. 297), addressed els Ilap- Oeuiou ^uKaea rov ds "Opuripov Trapoivi/iaavra. Brunck understands this to be the Parthenius who was taken in the Mithridatic Avar [No. 1 ], and Jacobs supposes him to be the same as the disciple of Dionysius [No. 3] ; but neither of these opinions can be correct, as Clinton has observed {F. H. vol. iii. p. 549), since it appears from the authority of Stephanus Byz. {s.v. AfKevriut) that the Phocaean Parthenius lived after Magnentius, who slew Con- stans in A. d. 350. PARTHENOPAEUS {UapeeuoTrahs), one of the seven heroes that undertook the expedition against Thebes. He is sometimes called a son of Ares or Meilanion and Atalante (Apollod. iii. 9. § 2, 6. § 3, &c. ; Pans. iii. 12. § 7 ; Eurip. StippL 888 ; Serv. ad Aen. vi. 480), sometimes of Me- leager and Atalante (Hygin. Fab. 70, 79), and sometimes of Talaus and Lvsimache (Apollod. i. 9. § 13 ; Pans. ii. 20. §4, ix. 18. § 4 ; Schol. adOed. Col. 1385). His son, by the nymph Clymene, who marched against Thebes as one of the Epigoni, is called Promachus, Stratolaus, Thesimenes, or Tlesimenes. (Apollod. i. 9. § 13, iii. 7. $ 2 ; Eu- stath. ad Horn. p. 489 ; Hygin. Fab. 71 ; Pans. iii. 12. § 7.) Parthenopaeus was killed at Thebes by Asphodicus, Amphidicus or Periclymenus. (Apol- lod. iii. 6. § 8 ; Paus. ix. 1 8, m fin. ; Aeschyl. Sept. c. Theb.) [L. S.] PARTHE'NOPE {UapeevSirr,). 1. A daughter of Stymphalus, and by Heracles the mother of Eueres. (Apollod. ii. 7. § 8.) 2. A daughter of Ancaeus and Samia, became by Apollo the mother of Lycomedes. (Paus. vii. 4. § 2.) 3. One of the Seirens (Schol. ad Horn. Od. xii. 39; Aristot. Mir. Ausc. 103.) At Naples her tomb was shown, and a torch race was held every year in her honour. (Strab. v. p. 246 ; Tzetz. ad Lye. 7S2.) 4. The wife of Oceanus, by whom she became the mother of Europa and Thrace. (Tzetz. ad Lye. 894; comp. Schol. ad Aeschyl. Pers. 183.) [L. S.] PA'RTHENOS (napfieVos), i. e. the virgin, a surname of Athena at Athens, where the famous temple Parthenon was dedicated to her. (Paus. i. 24, v. ii. § 5, viii. 41. § 5, x. 34, in fin.) Par- thenos also occurs as the proper name of the daughter of Apollo and Chrysothemis, who after her premature death was placed by her father among the stars. (Hygin. Poet. Astr. 25, in fin.) [L. S.] PARYSATIS {Uapia-aris or Uapva-dris., see Baehr ad Ctes. p. 186.) According to Strabo (xvi. p. 785), the Persian form of the name was Pharziris. 1. Daughter of Artaxerxes I. Longimanus, king of Persia, was given by her father in marriage to her own brother Dareius, sumamed Ochus, who in B. c. 424 succeeded Xerxes II. on the throne of Persiii. (Ctes. Pers. 44, ed. Baehr.) The feeble