Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1349

Rh CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES OF GREEK HISTORY, FROM THE FIRST OLYMPIAD, B. C. 776, TO THE FALL OF CORINTH, B. C. 14& Coroebus the Elean gains the victory in the foot race at the Olympic games. The Olympic games were instituted by Iphitus the Elean about b. c. 884, but the Olym- piads were not employed as a chronological aera till the victory of Coroebus. Arctinus of MUetus. the Cyclic poet, flourished. Pandosia and Metapontum, in Italy, founded. Cinaethon of Lacedaemon, the Cyclic poet, flourished. Eumelus flourished. Antimachus of Teos flourished. Miletus at the height of its power. Many of its colonies founded about this time or a little later. Pheidon, tyrant of Argos, celebrates the 8th Olympic games. He introduced copper and silver coinage, and a new scale of weights and measures, throughout the Pe- loponnesus. The first annual Prytanis at Corinth, 90 years before the reign of Cypselus. Eumelus of Corinth, the Cyclic poet, flourished. The beginning of the first war between the Messenians and the Lacedaemonians. Callinus of Ephesus, the earliest Greek elegiac poet, flourished. Naxos, in Sicily, founded by the Chalcidians of Euboea. Syracuse founded by Archias of Corinth. Leontium and Catana, in Sicily, founded. Megara Hyblaea, in Sicily, founded. Philolaus of Corinth, the Theban law- giver, flourished. End of the first Messenian war. The Mes- senians were obliged to submit after the capture of Ithome, and to pay a heavy tribute to the Lacedaemonians. Sybaris, in Italy, founded by the Achaeans. War between the Lacedaemonians and Ar- gives. Gyges begins to reign in Lydia. This dy- nasty reigned, according to Herodotus, 160 years, and terminated B.C. 546 by the fall of Croesus. Astacus founded by the Megarians. Callinus of Ephesus flourished. Croton or Crotona, in Italy, founded by the Achaeans. Soon after the foundation of Croton the Ozolian Locrians founded the Epizephyrian Locri in Italy. Deioces begins to reign in Media. The Medes revolted from the Assyrians after the death of Sennacherib in B. c. 711. The Assyrians according to Herodotus had governed Upper Asia for 520 years. This account gives B.C. 710 + 520 = B.C. 1230 for the commencement of the Assyrian dominion. The Median kings reigned 150 years. See b.c. 687 and 559. B.C. 708 693 690 687 685 683 678 675 674 672 670 669 668 665 664 662 657 656 655 654 651 648 647 644 Tarentum founded by the Lacedaemonian Parthenii, under Phalanthus. Thasos and Parium on the Propontis founded by the Parians. Archilochus, of Pares, the Iambic poet, accompanied the colony to Thasos, being then in the flower of his age. Simonides of Amorgos, the lyric poet, flourished. Glaucus of Chios, a statuary in metal, flourished. He was distinguished as the inventor of the art of soldering metals. Foundation of Gela in Sicily, and of Phaselis in Pamphylia. The empire of the Medes is computed by Herodotus to commence from this date, the 23rd year of their independence. It lasted 128 years, and terminated in b.c. 559. Archilochus flourished. See b. c. 708. The beginning of the second Messenian war First annual Archon at Athens. Tyrtaeus, the Athenian poet, came to Sparta after the first success of the Mes- senians, and by his martial songs roused the fainting coiu:age of the Lacedaemo- nians. Ardys, king of Lydia, succeeded Gyges. Foundation of Cyzicus by the Megarians. Foundation of Chalcedon by the Megarians. The Pisatae, led by Pantaleon, revolt from the Eleans, and espouse the cause of the Messenians. Alcman, a native of Sardis in Lydia, and the chief lyric poet of Sparta, flourished. Psammetichus, king of Egypt, begins to reign. The Argives defeat the Lacedaemonians at Hysiae. End of the second Messenian war according to Pausanias. Thaletas of Crete, the lyric poet and musician, flourished. A sea-fight between the Corinthians and Corcyraeans, the most ancient sea-fight recorded. Zaleucus the law-giver in Locri Epizephyrii flourished. Byzantium founded by the Megarians. Phraortes, king of Media, succeeds DeYoces. The Bacchiadae expelled from Corinth. Cypselus begins to reign. He reigned 30 years. Foundation of Acanthus, Stagira, Abdera, and Lampsacus. Birth of Pittacus according to Suidas. Himera in Sicily founded. Peisander, the epic poet, of Cameirus in Rhodes, flourished. Pantaleon, king of Pisa, celebrates the Olympic games. Terpander flourished.