Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1195

Rh TULLIA GENS. a divorce Kad taken place by mutual consent. At the beginning of the following year (b. c. 45) Tullia was delivered of a son. As soon as she was sufficiently recovered to bear the fatigues of a journey, she accompanied her father to Tusculum, but she died there in February.* It appears from Cicero's correspondence that she had long been imwell, and the birth of her child hastened her death. Her loss was a severe blow to Cicero : he had recently divorced his wife Terentia, and married a young wife Publilia, without however adding to his domestic happiness ; and thus he had clung to Tullia more than ever. His friends hastened to console him ; and among the many consolatory letters which he received on the oc- casion is the well-known one from the cele- brated jurist Serv. Sulpicius {ad Fam. iv. 5), To dissipate his grief, Cicero drew up a treatise on consolation, in which he chiefly imitated Crantor the Academician [Cicero, p. 733, b.] ; and to show his love to the deceased, he resolved to build a splendid monument to her honour, which was to be consecrated as a temple, in which she might receive the worship both of himself and of others. This project he frequently mentions in his letters to Atticus, but the death of Caesar in the follow- ing year, and the active part which Cicero then took in public affairs, prevented him from carrying his design into effect. Tiillia's child survived his mother. He is called Lentuliis by Cicero {ad Ait. xii. 28), a name which was also borne by his father by adoption ; and as Dolabella was absent in Spain, and was moreover unable from his extra- vagance to make any provision for his child, Cicero took charge of him, and while he was in the coun- try wrote to Atticus, to beg him to take care that the child was properly attended to. (Cic. ad Att. xii. 28.) The boy probably died in infancy, as no further mention is made of him. The numerous passages in Cicero's correspondence in which Tullia is spoken of, are collected in Orelli's Onomasticon TuUianum (vol. ii. pp. 596, 597), and her life is written at length by Drumann {Geschichte Roms, vol. vi. p. 696, foil.). TU'LLIA GENS, patrician and plebeian. This gens was of great antiquity, for even leaving out of question Servius Tullius, the sixth king of Rome, whom Cicero claims as his gentilis (Tusc. i. ] 6), we are told that the Tullii were one of the Alban houses, which were transplanted to Rome in the reign of TuUus Hostilius. (Liv. i. 30.) According to this statement the Tullii belonged to the minores gentes. We find mention of a Tullius in the reign of the last king of Rome [Tullius, No. 1], and of a M'. Tullius Longus, who was consul in the tenth year of the republic, B. c. 500. [Longus.] The patrician branch of the gens appears to have become extinct at an early period ; for after the early times of the republic no one of the name occurs for some centuries, and the Tullii of a later age are not only plebeians, but, with the excep- tion of their bearing the same name, cannot be regarded as having any connection with the ancient gens. The first plebeian Tullius who rose TULLIUS. 1183 vol. ii. p. 365), on the authority of Plutarch {Cic. 41), that Tullia died at Dolabella 's house at Rome ; but Plutarch does not say so ; and Drumann has shown clearly from passages in Cicero's letters, that she di'jd at her father's Tusculan villa. to the honours of the state was M, Tullius Decula, consul B.C. 81, and the next was the celebrated orator M. Tullius Cicero. [Decula ; Cicero.] The other surnames of the Tullii under the re- public belong chiefly to freedmen, and are given below. On coins we find no cognomen. The fol- lowing coin, which bears on the obverse the head of Pallas and on the reverse Victory driving a quadriga, with the legend of m. tvlli, is sup- posed by some writers to belong to M. Tullius Cicero, the orator, but the coin is probably of an earlier date. (Eckhel, vol. v. p. 327.) coin of the tullia gens. TULLINUS, VOLCA'TIUS, accused in a. n. 65, as privy to the crimes of L. Torquatus Silanus, escaped punishment (Tac. A?2n. xvi. 8), and is conjectured by Lipsius to be the same person as Volcatius Tertullinus, who is mentioned as tribune of the plebs in a. d. 69. (Tac. Hist. iv. 9.) TU'LLIUS. 1. M. Tullius, or M. Atilius, as he is called by Dionysius, one of the decemviri who had the charge of the Sibylline books in the reign of Tarquinius Superbus, was bribed by Pe- tronius Sabinus to allow him to take a copy of these books, and was in consequence punished by the king by being sewed up in a sack and thrown into the sea, a punishment subsequently inflicted upon parricides. (Val. Max. i. 1. § 13 ^ Dionys. iv. 62.) 2. Sex. Tullius, served for the seventh time as centurio primi pili in B. c. 358 under the dic- tator C. Sulpicius Peticus, when he besought the dictator on behalf of his comrades to let them fight against the Gauls, and distinguished himself in the battle Avhich ensued. He also fought with great bravery in the following year under the con- sul C. Marcius Rutilus against the Privernates. (Liv. vii. 13—16.) 3. L. Tullius, a E-oman eques, was magister of the company w.hich farmed the Sciiptura (see Diet, of Antiq. s. v.) in Sicily. (Verr. iii. 71.) 4. M. Tullius, on whose behalf Cicero spoke in B. c. 71. It is quite uncertain who this M. Tul- lius was. He was not a freedman, as appears from Cicero's speech, but it is equally clear that he was a different person both from M. Tullius Decula, consul B.C. 81, and from M. Tullius Albinovanus. The fragments of Cicero's speech for Tullius were published for the first time from a palimpsest manu- script by Angelo Mai. An analysis of it is given by Drumann. {Geschichte Jioms, vol. v. p. 258, foil.) 5. L. Tullius, a legate of Cicero in Cilicia, owed his appointment to the influence of Q. Titi- nius, and probably also of Atticus, whose friend he was. His conduct, however, did not give satis- faction to Cicero. (Cic. ad Att. v. 4, 11, 14, 21.) In one of Cicero's letters {ad Fam. xv. 14. § 8) we read of his legate L. Tulleius, which is pro- bably a false reading for L. Tullius. 6. Tib. Tullius, fought on the fide of the
 * It is stated by Middleton (Life of Cicero,