Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1169

Rh TITIANUS. in his old age, whence an old decrepit man was proverbially called Tithonus. (Horn. Hymn, in Ven. 219 ; Hes. TJieog. 984 ; ApoUod. iii. 12. § 4 ; Tzetz. ad Lye. 18 ; Horat. Carm. i. 28. 8 ; Ov. Fa.v^ i. 461.)" [L.S.] TITHO'REA (Tieop4a a nymph of Mount Parnassus, from whom the town of Tithorea, pre- viously called Neon, was believed to have derived its name. (Paus. x. 32. § 6.) [L. S.] TITHRAUSTES (Tj0^avo-T77s), a Persian, who was commissioned by Artaxerxes II. (Mne- mon), in b. c. 395, to put Tissaphernes to death, and to succeed him in his satrapy. On his arrival at Colossae in Phrygia, he caused Tissaphernes to be slain, and sent his head to the king. He then opened negotiations with Agesilaus, representing to him that, as the chief promoter of the war ^as dead, there was no longer any occasion for the pre- sence of a Spartan army in Asia, and proposing peace on condition that the Asiatic Greeks should be independent, only paying their ancient tribute to Persia. To this Agesilaus would not consent in the absence of instructions from home, and Ti- thraustes then persuaded him to remove the war from his satrap)'- into that of Pharnabazus, and even supplied him with money for the expedition. Being soon after convinced that Agesilaus had no intention of leaving Asia, Tithraustes sent Timo- crates, the Rhodian, into Greece with fifty talents, which he was ordered to distribute among the leading men in the several states, to induce them to excite a war against Sparta at home (Xen. Hell. iii. 4. §§ 25, &c., 5. § 1 ; Diod. xiv. 80 ; Paus. iii. 9 ; Plut. Art. 20, Affes. 15). Tithraustes had been superseded in his satrapy by B. c. 393, when An- t9.1cidas was sent to negotiate with his successor, Tiribazus. (Xen. Hell. iv. 8. § 12.) It was probably the same Tithraustes whom we find joined with Pharnabazus and Abrocomas in the command of the unsuccessful expedition of the Persians to Egypt, which seems to have occurred between B. c. 392 and 390 [Pharnabazus]. We may perhaps identify him also with the Tithraustes who is mentioned as holding the office of Chiliarch (Vizier) at the time of the embassy of Pelopidas and Isnienias to Susa in B. c. 367 (Ael. V. H. i. 21 ; see, however, C. Nep. Con. 3). We hear, moreover, of a certain Tithraustes, who was sent to act against the rebel Artabazus in b. c. 356, and was defeated by the Athenian general. Chares (Schol. Aug. ad Dem. Phil. i. p. 45). [Chares.] [E. E.] TI'TIA GENS, plebeian, is rarely mentioned in the republican period, and did not rise out of obscurity till a very late time. None of its mem- bers obtained the consulship under the republic ; and the first person of the name who held this office was M. Titius in b. c. 31. In the times of the empire, the Titii bore various surnames, a list of which is given below. [Titius.] TITIA'NA, FLA'VIA, the wife of Pertinax and daughter of Flavius Sulpicianus. When her husband assumed the purple, the senate passed a decree conferring the title of Augusta upon the empress and of Caesar upon her son ; but neither was permitted to accept these honours. She sur- vived Pertinax ; but the time and the manner of her death are unlike unknown. (Dion Cass. Ixxiii. 7.) [W. R.] TITIA'NUS, T. ATI'LIUS, consul under Ha- drian in A. D. 127, with M. Squilla Gallicanus. (Fasti.) TITINIUS. 1157 TITIA'NUS, CORNE'LIUS, a friend of the younger Pliny, who has addressed two letters to him. {Ep. i. 17, ix. 32.) TITIA'NUS, T. FA'BIUS, consul under Con- stantinus in a. d. 337 with Felicianus. (Fasti.) TITIA'NUS, FLA'VIUS, procurator of Alex- andria, was put to death by Theocritus, the fa- vourite of Caracalla. (Dion Cass. Ixxvii. 21.) TITIA'NUS, JU'LIUS, a Roman writer, all whose works are lost, was the father of the rheto- rician Titianus, who taught the younger Maximi- nus. The elder Titianus may therefore be placed in the reigns of Commodus, Pertinax, and Severus. He was called the ape of his age, because he had imitated every thing (Jul. Capitol. Majdmin. Jun. c. 1). He wrote, 1. A description of the provinces of the Roman empire (Jul. Capitol. I. c), which is perhaps the same work as the Chorographia, which is quoted by Servius {ad Virg. Aen. iv. 42) as a work of Titianus. 2. Epistolae, which were sup- posed to be written by distinguished women, and in which he imitated the style of Cicero. ( Sidon. Apoll. Bp. i. 1.) 3. Rhetorica. (Isidor. Orig. ii. 2.) 4. Themaia, or subjects for declamation taken from Virgil (Ssrv. ad Virg. Aen. x. 18). Titia- nus appears to have written other works (comp. Serv. ad Virg. Aen. xi. 651), but some of them may belong to his son. It was probably the younger Titianus whose Apologi or Fables, trans- lated by Aesop, were sent by Ausonius to Probus, and who is called by the poet " Fandi Titianus artifex" (Auson, Ep. xvi. Praef. and line 81). (See Vossius, De Historicis Latinis., p. 172, foil.) TITIA'NUS, JU'NIUS, consul with the em- peror Philippus in a. d. 245. (Cod. 6. tit. 39. s. 2, et alibi. ) TITIA'NUS, L. SA'LVIUS OTHO, the elder brother of the emperor Otho. [Otho, Sal- VI us, No. 2.] TI'TIAS (TiTt'os), one of the Idaean Dactyls, or according to others, a Mariandynian hero, is called a son of Zeus and Mariandynus. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 1126.) On his expedition against the Amazons, Heracles assisted the Mariandyni against the Bebryces, and during the struggle, Prio- laus, the leader of the Mariandyni, fell. During the funeral games Heracles conquered Titias, who is called the father of Barynus, while others call Priolaus and Mariandynus sons of Titias. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. ii. 780, ad Aeschyl. Pers. 933 ; Eustath. ad Dionys. Perieg. 987 ; comp. Lobeck, ^yaojD/i. p. 1165.) [L. S.] TITI'DIUS LA'BEO. [Labko.] TITI'NIA, the wife of Cott}^ was defended by- Cicero against Ser. Naevius. (Cic. Brut. 60.) TITI'NIA GENS, plebeian, is mentioned as early as the time of the decemvirs, but it never attained much importance, and none of its mem- bers were raised to the consulship. [Titinius.] TITINIA'NUS, PO'NTIUS. [Pontius ; Titinius, No. 13.] TITI'NIUS, a Roman dramatist whose pro- ductions belonged to the department of the Comoe- dia Togata, is commended by Varro on account of the skill with which he developed the characters of the personages whom he brought upon the stage. ""H^Tj nuUi alii servare convenit quam Titinio et Terentio ; iraQt] vero Trabea et Attilius et Cae- cilius facile moverant." From the terms in which this criticism is expressed, it has been inferred that Titinius was younger than Caecilius, but older 4 K 3