Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1062

Rh 1050 THEODORUS. refers to the minute subdivisions of an oration mentioned by Theodore (comp. Rufinus, De Com- positione et Metris Oratoruni). Cicero {Brut. c. 12) describes him as excelling rather in the theory than the practice of his art, " in arte subtilior, in orationibus autera jejunior." He was apparently contemporary with Plato. Dionysius of Halicar- nassus (DcAntiq. Oraiorib.; delsaeo, c. 19) speaks of him as antiquated, careless and superficial. He is cursorily noticed by Quintilian {Institut. Oral. iii. 1) and Diogenes Laertius (ii. 104). Suidas (s. V.) says he wrote Kara KvZoKidov, Contra Andocidem, Kara Qpa(rv§ovov, Contra Thrasy- hulum^ and some other pieces, which are all now lost. (Diogenes Laertius says {I. c.) there was another sophist Theodore, but does not mention whether he was a Byzantine or not. Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 139, vol. x. p. 382.) 18. Of Byz-antium (2), styled Diaconus et Rhetor, a Monothelite of the time of Maximus the Confessor [Maximus Confessor]. He was Synodicarius (or representative in some synod) of Paul, patriarch of Constantinople, an appointment which indicates the esteem in which he was held. He was the author of two brief 'ATropiat, Dubita- tiones, which, with the 'EiriXvaeis, Solutiones, of Maximus, are given by Combefis in his edition of the works of that father. (Vol. ii. p. 116, &c. fol. Paris, 1675.) 19. OfCARA. [No. 2.] 20. Of Caria, one of the supporters of Photius [Photius, No. 3] in his contest with Ignatius [Ignatius, No. 3] for the patriarchate of Con- stantinople, in the ninth century. He is noticed here only to guard against his being confounded, as he has been by some writers, with Theodore Abucara [No. 2]. 21. Of Chios, a Stoic philosopher mentioned by Diogenes Laertius (ii. 104). 22. CoETONiTA, a Greek Hyranographer, who wrote Canon in Joanncm Eucliaiiorum Episcopum cognomento Mauropodcm [Joannes, No. 58], of which Allatius {Contra Hottinger. p. 180) makes some extracts. As Joannes lived in the middle of the eleventh century, and the Canon of Theodore was written on occasion of his death, we are en- abled to fix the time at which Theodore lived. 23. Of Colophon, a Greek poet of unknown age, author of a song entitled aATJrts, " the wander- ing," because sung at the Athenian festival called aTris or alwpai^ instituted in commemoration of the wandering of Erigone, in search of her father Icarius. (Pollux iv. 7. § 55.) [Icarius] Aris- totle, in his account of the constitution of Colophon {ip T^ Koo(pwviuv TToKireia, apud Athen. xiv. p. 618) mentions a tradition that Theodore was a self-indulgent, luxurious person, which he thinks is apparent also from his poetry ; and states that he perished by violence. 24. The Comedian (6 kw/xikSs), mentioned by Hesychius as being surnamed, or rather nicknamed 7reA.c0(i§ai//, " dung-diver." According to some accounts he was a poet. Nothing is known of his time or country. (Hesych. s. v. neAe0<{&oi|/.) 25. Constantini Porphyrogeniti Paedago- Gus. Theodore, tutor to the emperor Constan- tino Porphyrogenitus [Constantinus VII.] en- joyed during the minority of that accomplished but weak prince, considerable influence in the palace. The attempt of Leo Phocas and his brother-in-law, the chamberlain Constantine, to THEODORUS. depose the young emperor, and confer the purple on Leo, were defeated by the vigilance of Theo- dore, who prevailed on the emperor to summon to his assistance Romanus, afterwards colleague of Constantine in the empire ; who, probably, from finding Theodore's fidelity an obstacle to his ad- vancement, caused him and his brother Simeon to be banished from Constantinople to their estates in the Opsician thema, on the Asiatic side of the Bosporus. (Leo Grammaticus, Chronog. pp. 492 — 496, ed. Paris ; Theoph. Continuat. lib. vi. De Constant. Porphyrog. cc. 11 — 16 ; Sym. Magist. De Constant. Porphyrog. cc. 12 — 16 ; Georg. Monach. De Constant. Porphyrog. cc. 20 — 34 ; Zonaras, J??- nales., xvi. 17 ; Cedrenus, Compend. pp. 614 — 619, ed. Paris, vol. ii. pp. 289—296, ed. Bonn.) To this Theodore Lambecius ascribes the authorship of five Ao'7ot, Oraiiones, extant in MS. in the Imperial Li- brary at Vienna. (Lambec, Commentar. de Biblioth. Caesaraea, lib. s. vol. iv. col. 22, &c., ed. Kollar, which he intended to publish. He has given some extracts. (Lambec. vol. iii. p. 147, and /. c. ; Cave, Hist. LiU. ad ann. 9'20, vol. ii. p. 93 ; Oudin, De Script. Eccles. vol. ii. col. 428 ; Fabric. Bibl, Graec. vol. X. p. 384.) 26. Of Constantinople (1—2). The list of Patriarchs of Constantinople comprehends two Theodores: Theodore L, from a. n. 676 to 678, when he was deposed, on what account is not known. But on the death of George, who had been appointed to succeed him, he recovered his patriarchate, which he held only for a short time, probably from a.d. 683 to 686. Theodore II. was surnamed Irenicus or Copas ; he had previously held the office of Summus Philosophorum, "TTraros ruv (pLXoaocpcov, and Chartophylax of the Great Church at Constantinople; and was patriarch for sixteen months onl-, a. d. 1213 — 1215, while Constantinople was in the hands of the Latin in- vaders. (Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, vol. i. col. 232, 233, 277.) 27. Cronus; more correctly Diodorus Cronus. [Diodorus, literary. No. 6.] 28. CuTULA (6 KouraAa), the contemporary and friend of Nicephorus Gregoras, the Byzantine historian [Gregoras, Nicephorus], and writer of a commendatory letter to Nicephorus, which is given by Boivin among the Elogia prefixed to his first volume of his edition of the works of that historian, fol. Paris, 1702. It is reprinted in Schopen's edition (2 vols. 8vo. Bonn, 1829-30), vol. i. col. Ixxxviii. Comp. Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. p. 655, vol. x. p. 385. 29. Of CvNOPOLis, a Greek rhetorician of un- certain date. Allatius published under his name an Ethopoeia (^UQoiroiia), The piece was, however, published by Gale among the Elhojweiae of Se- verus [Skverus], to whom it is also assigned by Walz. (Gale, Rhetorcs Seledi, 8vo. Oxon. 1676,. 219 ; Allatius, Exempla Varia Graecor. Rlietor. Sophistarum, 8vo, Rome, 1641, p. 235 ; Ws Rhetorcs Graeci, vol. i. p. 540, Stuttgard, 1832.) 30. CvN ULCUS (6 Ki)vovkKos), one of speakers in the Deipnosophistae of Athenae^ {Epit. lib. i. p. 1, d., iv. p. 156, a., p. 159, e., 160, d., viii. p. 347, d., &c., xv. p. 669, b. e., Casaub.). He is represented as a Cynic philc pher, a native of Megalopolis, and as laying asi^ his true name of Theodore for the epithet C| nulcus. Whether he was a real or imaginary sonage is not known. The epithet Cynulcus, " i