Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1060

Rh 104r, TIIEOpORUS. under the general title of 'EkkAtjo-ioctti/ct; 'IcTTOpia^ Historia Ecclesiastica., and referred to as consti- tuting one work. They are, in fact, two consecutive works on one subject. 1. 'EKAoyij eK ruu ckkKt]- aiaaTiKwu laropiuv, Seleeta ex Historiis Ecdesias- ticis, a compendium of Church history from the time of Constantino the Great, in two books, com- piled chiefly from Sozomen, with additions from Socrates and Theodoret. It is probable that Theo- dore intended that this compendium should com- prehend the whole period included in the histories from which he made his extracts : but if so, the work was not completed ; for it breaks off at the death of Constanlius II. From its incomplete state it was probably the latter of Theodore's two works in the order of composition, and was appa- rently designed as an introduction to the other. •2. 'EKKr]aia(TTiK^ laTopla, Historia Ecclesiastica. An original work on ecclesiastical history, also in two books, comprehending the period from the reign of Theodosius the younger, where Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret end to the reign of Justin I., perhaps of Justinian I. From the cir- cumstance of this work commencing from the point where the earlier ecclesiastical histories cease, it is inferred that the compendium just mentioned was intended to come down to the same point, and consequently that it was never com- pleted. Its incompleteness occasioned a void of seventy years to be left between the close of one, and the commencement of the other of Theodore's works. The compendium is extant in MS., in the library of St. Mark at Venice, though the MS. is mutilated at the beginning. A copy (whether transcribed from the Venetian MS. is not known) was in the possession of AUatius, who intended to publish it, but who never fulfilled his intention ; nor has it ever been published. AUatius sent a transcript of some portions to Valesius, who em- ployed it in correcting the text of his edition of the original authors. Theodore's own history is lost, except some extracts airh (pwv7]s Nt/cTj^o'pou KoAAiVtou rov aavBoirovKov, ex ore Nicephorv Cidlisti Xanthopuli. As Nicephorus never in his own Ecclesiastical History quotes Theodore, except for statements contained in these extracts, it is fairly inferred by Valesius that the original was not in his hands ; and that the extracts were made by some one before his time, and were all the remains of Theodore's work then extant, at least all that he had access to. These extracts ('EKA070/, Ex- eerpta) were first published by Robert Stephens, with Eusebius and the other Greek ecclesiastical historians, fol. Paris, 1544; and again, with the Latin version of Christopherson, fol. Geneva, 1612 : but the best edition is that of Henri Valois, or Valesius ; who published them with the ecclesias- tical histories of Theodoret, Evagrius,and Philostor- gius, fol. Paris, 1673, reprinted under the care of Reading, fol. Cambridge, 1720, and again at Turin, 1748. Valesius published not only the Excerpta of Nicephorus, but some other fragments of Theo- dore. Comb^fis, in his Origi7ium Rerumque CPo- litanarum Manipulus, and Bandurius in his I»ir perium Orientale, have given an anonymous work TlapaaTdaets avPTOfioi XPo»'"fa^ Breves Demon- strationes s. Enarrationes Chronographicae, in which are some citations from a ©eJSwpos, Theodorus, or Qeo^Qjpos 'AvayvcixTTrjs,' Theodorus Lector, or &(65(Dpos Xpouoypdcpos at/a^fxDadels avayvdcixaaiv, Theodorus Chronographus Lcciionibm clarus (comp. THEODORUS. Combt^fis, pp. 11, 12, 19, 33, ed. Paris, 1664 ; Ban- durius, vol. i. p. iii. pp. 88, 89, 93, 102, ed, Paris, 171 1). If these references are to one and the same writer, and that writer the subject of this article, as critics generally seem to admit, he must have written on other subjects than ecclesiastical history, and have lived at a considerably later period than is generally supposed. The extracts chiefly or wholly relate to the statues with which Constantinople was adorned ; and one of them (p. 11, Combefis, p. 88, Bandurius) contains a cu- rious incident in the personal history of the writer which shows him to have lived in the reign of the emperor Philippicus (a. d. 711 — 713), nearly two centuries after the reign of Justin I., in which Theodorus is usually placed. Another extract no- tices statues of the daughter and niece of the em- press Sophia, wife of Justin II., which also implies the writer to have lived long after the time of Justin I. Though there seems no decisive reason for identifying the writer on the statues with the ecclesiastical historian, yet the name and title render their identity not improbable : and it may be observed that Damascenus, the earliest writer who has mentioned Theodore, belongs to a period somewhat later than the reign of Philippicus [Damascenus]. (Vales. Praefatio ad Thcodo- retum^ ^c; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 518, vol. i, p. 503 ; Dnpin, Nour:elle Biblioih. des Auteurs Eccles. vol. iv. (6me siecle) p. 92, 2d ed. Paris, 1698 ; Ceillier, Auteurs Sacrcs, vol. xvi. p. 187, &c. ; Fabric. Biblioth. Graec. vol. vii. pp. 368, 435, &c., vol. X. p. 398 ; Schoell, Hist, de la Litterature Grecque Profane, vol. vii. p. 26, 2d ed, Paris, 1825.) 9. Of Ancyra. Fabricius in two places {Bihl. Graec. vol. viii. p. 696, x. p. 359) mentions a Theo- dore of Ancyra, as being cited in the Catenae of the Fathers on the Acts of the Apostles and the Catholic Epistles: but the similarity of the names leads us to suspect that the author cited is Theodotus, who was bishop of Ancyra in the first half of the fifth century. The names Theodotus and Theodorus are in MSS. frequently confounded (comp. Fabric. Bihl. Graec. vol. x. p. 512). Dr. J. A. Cramer, in the Catena in Acta SS. Apostoloruin, edited under his care (8vo. Oxford, 1838), has substituted (pp.33, 227, 427, 438) the name of Theodotus where the MSS. have that of " Theodore of Ancyra," or " Theodore the Monk," or " Theodore the Monk and Presbyter." 10. Of Antida or Andida or more correctly of Sandida, a bishopric of the province of Pam- phylia Secunda, of which Perga was the ecclesi- astical metropolis (comp. Le Quien, Oriens Christian. vol. i. col. 1013, 10,30). AUatius in several of his works has cited some passages from an Expositio Missae by " Theodorus Antidorum (s. Andidorum) Episcopus : " but gives us no clue to the age of th«j writer except in one place, and there {J. H. Ha tingerus fraudis, ^c. convictus, p. 12, 8vo. Ron 1661) we only learn that Theodore was later thi Photius, who lived in the ninth century. Ti citations of AUatius are enumerated by Fabricit {BiU. Graec. vol. x. p. 372). 11. Of Antioch (1—6). There were several ] triarchs of Antioch of the name of Theodore. Arian patriarch in the reign of the emperor Vale is called Dorotheus by Sozomen {H. E. vi. 371 but Theodorus by Phiiostorgius {H. E. ix. 14), w| identifies him with Theodore of Heracleia (No. 4t