Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1059

Rh THEODORUS. De la Eigne, fol. Paris, 1575, and again, invol.iv. of the second edition, fol, Paris, 1589. In the Lectiones Antiquae of Canisius, vol. iv. 4to., Ingol- stadt, 1604 (vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 463, ed. Basnage), appeared a Latin version by Franciscus Turrianus, of three others (Nos. 27 — 29, in Gretser) ; and very soon after Gretser published, with the Hode- j72<s of Anastasius Sinaita (4to. Ingolstadt, 1606), forty-two pieces of Theodore, including all those which had been given in the Bibliotheca and by Canisius. They were given in the Greek (except Nos. 18, 25, and 32) and in a Latin version, partly by Gretser himself, but chiefly by Turrianus, and in a very few short pieces by Genebrardus. The Latin version was reprinted in the Bibliotheca Pa- trum, vol. iv. ed. Paris, 1609 — 1610, vol. ix. p. ii. Cologne, 1618, and vol. xvi. ed. Lyon, 1677 : the Greek text and Latin version were both given in the Auctarium of Ducaeus to the edit, of Paris, 1624, in vol. xi. of the edit. Paris, 1654, and in the collected edition of Gretser's works, vol. xv. fol. Ratisbon, 1741. The Greek text of No. 18 was published by Le Quien in his edition of Damas- cenus (vol. i. p. 470, fol. Paris, 1712), with the version of Turrianus, a little altered : the Greek of No. 25 was published by Cotelerius, in a note to the Constitutiones Apostolicae, lib. v. c. 7, in his Patres Apostolid^ fol. Paris, 1672 (vol. i. p. 310, ed. Leclerc, fol. Amsterdam, 1724) : the Greek of No. 32 has never been printed. (Cave (who has confounded him with Theodore of Caria [No. 20]), Hist. Litt. ad ann. 867, vol. ii. p. 54 ; Fabric. BiOl. Graec. vol. x. p. 364, &c. ; Gretser (who also iden- tifies him with Theodore of Caria), Epistol. Dedicat. Opusculis A bucarae praefixa ; Bay le, Dictionnaire^ s. V. Abticaras ; Le Quien, Opera Damasceni, a,nd. Oriens Christianus, II. cc.) 3. Of Alania. There is extant in MS. at Vienna, and perhaps elsewhere, a Sermon on the Burial of Christ, In Jesu Sepulturam, by Theodore, bishop of Alania, which Cave conjectures to be a city not far from Constantinople. But as the Vienna MS. contains also n discourse or letter ad- dressed by Theodore to the Patriarch of Constan- tinople, in which are recorded his apostolic labours among the Alani, and his subsequent consecration as bishop of Alania, it is evident that the name Alania designates the country of the Alani, between the Euxine and Caspian seas, north of the Caucasian range. Kollar has given a brief extract from this discourse. The time in which Theodore lived is not clear ; but the mention of his apostolic labours among the Alani indicates that he first converted them to the belief of Christianit)', which may have been in the time of Justinian, when the neighbour- ing tribe of the Abasgi were converted. He must, as the Apostle of the Alani, have been a different person from the Theodoras who was bishop of Alania in the thirteenth century. (Kollar, Supple- ment, ad Lambecii Commentar. de Biblioth. Caesa- raea, lib. i. col. 254, &c. ; Le Quien, Oriens Chris- tiamts, vol, i. col. 1 348 ; AUatius, De Symeon. Scriptis, p. 82 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. p. 372 ; Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. Dissert. Prima, Tp. 19.) 4. Of Alexandria (1,2). There were two pa- triarchs of Alexandria of the name of Theodore : one surnamed Scribo (S/cpt^ajj/), a Melchite, or of the orthodox Greek Church, who, after a patri- archate of two years, perished apparently in the troubles occasioned by the revolt of Egypt and Africa against the usurper Phocas, A. d. 609 ; the THEODORUS. 1047 other, a Jacobite, who was patriarch from a. d. 727 to 738. (Le Quien, Orietis Christianus, vol. ii. col. 445, 457.) 5. Of Alexandria (3). Theodore, a deacon, of the church at Alexandria, who at the Council of Chalcedon, a. d. 451, presented a AigeAAos, Li- bcUus, against the patriarch of Alexandria, Diosco- rus, charging him with having grievously oppressed him (Theodore), on account of the regard in which he had been held by Cyril, the predecessor of Dioscorus. The document is given in the vaiious editions of the Concilia (e. g. vol. iv. col. 395, ed. Labbe, vol. ii. col. 321, ed. Hardouin), in the ^c^a Concilii Chalcedonensis, actio iii. (Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 451, vol. i. p. 443 ; Fabric. Bill. Grace. vol. X. p. 386.) 6. Of Alexandria (4). A monk who flou- rished about the commencement of the sixth cen- tury. Cave improperly places him in the seventh. He belonged to that branch of the Monophysite body called Theopaschitae, and is known by his controversy with Themistius, another Theopaschite monk, who is charged with having broached the heresy of the Agnoetae, a sect so called from their affirming that Christ knew not the time of the Day of Judgment. Theodore attacked Themistius in a work of which Photius has given an account. As in this controversy Theodore was on the same side as the orthodox Church, it was probably by some other writing that he incurred the condemna- tion of the emperor Justinian, as mentioned by Fa- cundus. {Vvoi:Bibl, Cod. 108 ; Facundus Her- mian. Pro Defensione trium Capitulorum, lib. ii. c. 3 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 794, vol. x. pp. 372, 710 ; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 601, vol, i. p. 573.) 7. Of Amasia. Possevino {Apparatus Sacer, vol. ii. p. 462, ed. Cologne, 1608) mentions two works, Ewplicaiio ad Ecclesiastem et Canticum Can- ticorum, and Dogmatica Panoplia adversus Judaeos, Armenios et Saracenos, as written by Theodore, bishop of Amasia in Pontus. Le Quien (Oriens Christianus, vol. i. col. 528) notices both works in speaking of Theodore, who was bishop of Amasia at the time of the fifth General Council, A. d. 553, where his signature appears among those of the subscribing prelates ; but if, as its title indicates, the Panoplia is a defence of orthodox Christianity against Mohammedanism, the work cannot be of so early a date. No other Theodore is known among the bishops of Amasia. (Possevin. ; Le Quien, ll.cc.) 8. Anagnostes {'Avayv<iaTT]s) or Lector, the Reader, an ecclesiastical historian, generally supposed to have written in the reign of the em- peror Justin I., or his successor Justinian L No- thing of his personal history is known, except that he held the subordinate ecclesiastical post of reader at Constantinople, and, as Suidas states, in the great church (Suidas, s. v. ). Suidas states that he brought down his history to the time of Justi- nian I. : and though nothing in the extant frag- ments of his works leads us to a later time than the accession of Justin L, we may not unreason- ably admit the correctness of Suidas' statement, so far as to place the composition of the history of Theodore in the reign of Justinian. Theodore is quoted by Joannes Damascenus and by Theo- phanes, and in the Acta of the second Nicene (seventh General Council), all in the eighth century. He was the author of two works on ecclesiastical history, which were sometimes both comprehended 3x4