Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/974

Rh 960 MART US. sportive tone. The estate of Marius was in the neighbourhood of Pompeii, not far from the Pom- peianura of Cicero. Ahnost all that we know about this Marius is contained in the four letters of Cicero already referred to. He is also mentioned by him in a letter to his brother Quintus. (Ad Q. Fr. ii. 10.) 7. L. Marius, L. f., was one of those who sub- soiibed the accusation of Triarius against Scaurus. in B. c. 54 (Ascon. in Cie. Scaur, p. 19, ed. Orelli). He is probably the same as the Marius who was quaestor in b. c. 50, and succeeded C. Sallustius in the government of the province of Syria. (Cic. ad Fam. ii. 17.) 8. L. Marius, was tribune of the plebs with Cato Uticensis, b. c. 62, and in conjunction with him, brought forward a law De Triumphis (Val. Max. ii. 8. § 1). 9. M. Marius, whom Cicero calls homo diseriits et nohilis, pleaded the cause of the Valentin! before C. Verres. (Cic. Verr. v. 16.) 10. Sex. Marius, a legate of Dolabella in Syria, in B. c. 43. (Cic. ad Fam. xii. 15.) 11. T. Marius, of Urbinum, had risen from the rank of a common soldier to honours and riches, by the favour of the emperor Augustus. A tale is told of him by Valerius Maximus (vii. 8. § 6). 12. Sex. Marius, a man of immense wealth, who possessed gold mines in Spain, and lived in the reign of Tiberius. He is called by Tacitus Hispaniarum ditissimus. After escaping an accusa- tion in A. D. 25, which Calpurnius Salvianus wished to bring against him, he was condemned to death in A. D. 33, and thrown down the Tarpeian rock, on the pretext of his having committed incest with his daughter, but in reality because the emperor coveted his riches (Tac. Ann. iv. 36, vi. 19). Dion Cassius, who says that Marius was a friend of Tiberius, and that he was indebted to the em- peror for his wealth, gives a different reason for the condemnation of Marius ; he relates that the charge of incest was brought against Marius, be- cause he wished to conceal his daughter from the lust of his imperial master. (Dion Cass. Iviii. 22.) MA'RIUS A'LFIUS, the medix tuticus, or supreme magistrate of the Campanians, was de- feated and slain in battle by the Roman consul, Tib. Sempronius Gracchus, B. c. 215. (Liv. xxiii. 35.) MA'RIUS, M. AURE'LIUS, one of the thirty tyrants enumerated by Trebellius Pollio [see Au- REOLUs], was the fourth of the usurpers who in succession ruled Gaul, in defiance of Gallienus. According to the statements of the Augustan his- torians and Victor, he was a blacksmith, remarkable only for his extraordinary muscular strength, and deserving to be remembered in history merely on account of the unparalleled shortness of his reign, which lasted for two, or at the most, three days. Although the authorities cited above, together with Eutropius, agree in limiting the duration of his power to this space, it is a singular fact that a con- siderable number of coins, in each of the three metals, are to be found in various collections, which we can scarcely suppose to have been engraved, struck, and issued within such a period, and Eckhel has acutely pointed out an inconsistency in Victor, who, in the life of Diocletian, speaks of Marius as liHving been one of those who, when suddenly elevated, became " superbia atque ambitione im- Qiodicos," feelings and passions which could scarcely MAROBODUUS. be developed within the space of forty-eight hours. (Trebell. Poll. Trig. Tyrann. vii. ; Victor, de Cues. xxxiii. 39 ; Eutrop. ix. 7.) It appears from coins that the full name of this usurper was C. M. Aurelius Marius ; but on some coins, as on the one annexed, he is called simply C. Marius. (Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 454.) [ W. R.] coin of AURELIUS MARIUS. MA'RIUS BLO'SIUS. [Blosius, No. L] MA'RIUS CALVE'NTIUS. [Calventiu.s.] MA'RIUS CELSUS. [Celsus.] MA'RIUS EGNATIUS. [Egnatius, No. 2.] MA'RIUS MATU'RUS. [Maturus.] MA'RIUS MA'XIMUS. [Maximus.] MA'RIUS MERCA'TOR. [Mercator.] MA'RIUS PLO'TIUS. [Plotius.] MA'RIUS PRISCUS. [Priscus.] MA'RIUS SECUNDUS. [Secundus.] MA'RIUS SE'RGIUS. [Sergius.] MA'RIUS STATI'LIUS. [Statilius.] MA'RIUS VICTORI'NUS. [Victorinus.] MARMARINUS (Map^aptros), i.e. the god of marble, a surname of Apollo, who had a sanc- tuary in the marble quarries at Carystus. (Strab. X. p. 446 ; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 281.) [L. S.] M ARM AX (Map;ua^), one of the suitors of Hippodameia, who Avas slain by Oenomaus, and was buried with his two horses, Parthenia and Eripha. {Pans. vi. 21 § 6.) [L. S.J MARO, JOANNES. [Joannes, No. 85.] MARO, VIRGI'LIUS. [Virgilius.] MAROBO'DUUS, Marbod, afterwards king of the Marcomanni, or men of the Mark (maerc) or border, or, according to another etymology, the Marsh land, was by birth a Suevian. He was born about b. c. 18, of a noble family in his tribe, and was sent in his boyhood with other hostages to Rome, where he attracted the notice of Augus- tus, and received a. liberal education. Maroboduus seems early to have discerned the relative position of his countrymen and the Romans. The Germans were brave, numerous and enterprising, but weak- ened by internal feuds, and impatient of govern- ment and discipline. Before they could effectually resist or assail the Roman empire they needed the restraints of laws and of fixed property in land. At what time Maroboduus returned to his own country is uncertain, but probably soon after he attained manhood, since he died at the age of 53, the last eighteen years of his life were spent in exile, and his kingdom, when it awakened the jealousy of Rome, was the work of long and sys- tematic preparation. Crossing the Erzgebirge at the head of at least one branch of the Suevians, Maroboduus expelled, or more probably subdued, the Boians, a Celtic race, who inhabited Bohemia and part of Bavaria. The kingdom which Maro- boduus established amid the woods and morasses of central Germany extended, through immediate invasion or gradual encroachments, along the north bank of the Danube, from Regensberg nearly to the borders of Hungary, and stretched far into the