Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/923

Rh MALUGINENSTS. but this is probably an oratorical exaggeration, as j the scholiast suggests. (Cic. Verr. i. 15, 36 ; Pseudo-Ascon. ad II. ec.) MA'LLIA GENS, plebeian. This name is frequently confounded with that of Manlius ; and in almost every passage where Mallvis occurs some authorities read Manlius. It appears, however, from ancient inscriptions and the best manuscripts, that Mallius is the correct reading in certain cases ; and we can easily understand how this name, which Avas one of no celebrity, should be altered into the well-known one of Manlius. The only person in this gens who obtained any of the higher offices of the state was Cn, Mallius Maximus, who was consul b. c. 105. [Maximus.] C. MA'LLIUS, one of Catiline's conspirators, was stationed by the chief at Faesulae in Etruria, where he was commissioned to collect an army and prepare all military stores. He had served under Sulla as a centurion, and possessed great military experience and reputation. In the battle against Cicero's colleague, Antonius, in which Catiline fell, Mallius commanded the right wing, and was killed in the conflict. (Sail. Cat 24, 27—30, 32, 33, 36, 59, 60 ; Cic. in Cat. i. 3, 9, 12, ii. 6, 9 ; Dion Cass, xxxvii. 30.) MA'LLIUS THEODO'RUS. [Theodorus.] MALUGINENSIS, a celebrated patrician fa- mily of the Cornelia gens in the early ages of the republic. It disappears from history even before the time of the Samnite wars. This family seems to have been originally the same as that of Cossus, since we find at first both surnames united. [See No. I.] Afterwards, however, the Cossi and Ma- luginenses became two separate families. [Cossus.] 1. Ser. Cornelius P. f. Cossus Malugi- NENSis, consul B.C. 485 with Q. Fabius Vibulanus, in which year Sp. Cassius was condemned. Ma- luginenses carried on war against the Veientes with success. (Liv. ii. 41 ; Dionys. viii. 77, 82.) 2. L. Cornelius Ser. p. P. n. Maluginensis, consul B. c. 459 with Q. Fabius Vibulanus. The consuls of this year carried on war against the Volsci and the Aequi with great glory and success. According to some accounts Maluginensis took Antium, and we learn from the triumphal Fasti that he obtained a triumph for his victory over the Antiates. (Liv. iii. 22 — 24 ; Dionys. x. 20, 21 ; Diod. xi. 86.) He is mentioned as one of the defenders in the senate of the second decemvirate in B. c. 449, because his brother Marcus was one of the number (Liv. iii. 40 ; Dionys. xi. 15) ; but if we can rely upon the Fasti, in which Marcus is called L. F. Ser. n., we must understand frater and dhc(p6s to mean first cousin, and not brother. 3. M. Cornelius L. f. Ser. n. Maluginen- sis, a member of the second decemvirate. [See No. 2.] (Liv. iii. 35, 40, 41 ; Dionys. x. 58, xi. 15, 23.) 4. M. Cornelius M. f. Maluginensis, consul B. c. 436 with L. Papirius Crassus. (Liv. iv. 21 ; Diod. xii. 46.) 5. P. Cornelius M. f. M. n. Maluginensis, one of the consular tribunes, B. c. 404. (Liv. iv. 61; Diod. xiv. 19.) 6. P. Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis, consular tribune in B.C. 397 (Liv. v. 16 ; Diod. xiv. 85), and magister equitum to the dictator M. Furius Camillas in B.C. 396. At least the Fasti Capitolini name Maluginensis as the magister equi- tum in this year j but Livy (v. 19) and Plutarch MAMAEA. 909 (Camill. 5) call the magister equitum P. Cornelius Scipio. He was consular tribune a second time in B. c. 390, the vear in which Rome was taken by the Gauls. (Liv. v. 36; Diod. xiv. 110.) In Diodorus and in the common editions of Livy hia praenomen is Servius, but in some of the best MSS. of Livy he is called Publius. 7. P. Cornelius Maluginensis Cossus, con- sular tribune b. c. 395, and consul b. c. 393 with L. Valerius Potitus. [Cossus, No. 9.] 8. M. Cornelius P. f. P. n. Maluginensis, was elected censor in B. c. 393, to supply the place of C. Julius Julus, who had died in his year of office ; but as Rome was taken by the Gauls in this lustrum, this practice was considered of ill omen, and no censor was ever elected again in place of one who had died in his year of office. (Liv. v. 31, ix. 34.) 9. Ser. Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginen- sis, seven times consular tribune : the first time in B. c. 386, the second time in B. o. 384, the third time in b. c. 382, the fourth time in B. c. 380, the fifth time in B. c. 376 (Livy does not mention the consular tribunes of this year, see Diod. xv. 71, and Anonym. Noris. the sixth time in B.C. 370, and a seventh time in B. c. 368. (Liv. vi. 6, 18, 22, 27, 36, 38.) 10. M. Cornelius Maluginensis, consular tribune in b. c. 369, and again in B. c. 367. (Liv. vi. 36, 42.) 1 1. Ser. Cornelius Ser. f. M. n. Malugi- nensis, magister equitum to the dictator F. Quinc- tius Pennus Capitolinus Crispinus, B.C. 361, who was appointed to conduct the Avar against the Gauls. (Liv. vii. 9.) [Capitolinu.s Quinctius, No. 7.] MALUS (MaAos), a son of Amphictyon or of Amyrus, said to have given the name to the town of Malleus. (Steph. Byz. s. v. MaKiUs.) [L. S.] MAMAEA, JU'LIA, the daughter of Julia Maesa, the niece of Septimius Severus, the first cousin of Caracalla, the aunt of Elagabalus, the wife of Gessius Marcianus, the mother of Alex- ander Severus. [See genealogical table prefixed to Caracalla.] She was a native of Emesa in Syria, and seems, after the accession of Septimius Severus, to have lived at Rome, under the pro- tection of her aunt Julia Domna. At all events it is clear that she must have been at court in A. d. 204, otherwise the report, which at one time gained general credit, that Alexander as well as Elagabalus was in reality the son of Caracalla, could never have been circulated. We know nothing of her subsequent history, until the period when she accompanied Elagabalus to Rome. From that time forward she became remarkable on account of the diligence with which she protected the person of her son from the treachery of his cousin, and the exemplary zeal with which she guarded the purity of his mind in the midst of a very hot-bed of vice and debaucherJ^ The high principles which she instilled were fully developed after his elevation to the throne, and proved a blessing to mankind during his short reign. But the character of Mamaea was not without serious defects. Extreme pride, and a jealousy of power which could brook no rival, led her to treat with great harshness and indignity one, at least, of her daughters-in-law. Her counsels, swayed by an inordinate desire to accumulate money, induced Severus to adopt a system of ill-judged pai'simony towards his soldiers,