Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/899

Rh MACHATAS. the Achaeans set up a statue of brass nt Delphi, representing Philopoemen giving the death-wound to Machanidas. (Polyb. x. 41, xi. 11 — 1 8, xiii. fi ; Liv. xxvii. 30, xxviii. 5, 7 ; Plut. Philopocm. 10.) [W. B. D.] MACHAON {Maxdwv), a son of Asclepius by Epeione (Horn. Jl. xi. 614; Schol. ad Find. Fyth. iii. 14), or, according to others, by Coronis (Hygin. Fah. 97 ), while others again call him a son of Poseidon. (Eustath. ad Horn. p. 859.) He was married to Anticleia, the daughter of Diodes (Paus. iv. 30. § 2), by whom he became the father of Gorgasus, Nicomachus (Paus. iv. 6. § 3), Alexanor, Sphyrus, and Polemocrates. (Paus. ii. 11. § 6, iv. 38. § 6 ; ApoIIod. iii. 10. § 8 ; Hygin. Fab. 81.) In the Trojan war Machaon appears as the surgeon of the Greeks, for with his brother Podaleirius he had gone to Troy with thirty ships, commanding the men who came from Tricca, Ithome, and Oechalia. (//. ii. 728, &c., xi. 515.) He was wounded by Paris, but was carried from the field of battle by Nestor. (//. xi. 505, 598, 833.) Later writers mention him as one of the (jrreek heroes that were concealed in the wooden horse (Hygin. Fah. 108 ; Virg. Aen. ii. 263), and he is said to have cured Philoctetes. (Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 911; Propert. ii. 1,59.) He was killed by Eurypylus, the son of Telephus, and his remains were carried to Messenia by Nestor. His tomb was believed to be at Gerenia, in Messenia, Avhere a sanctuary was dedicated to him, in which sick persons sought relief of their sufferings. It was there that Glaucus, the son of Aepytus, was be- lieved to have first paid him heroic honours. (Paus. iv. 3. $^ 2, 6, iii. 26. ^ 7.) [L. S.] MACHARES (Moxapi??), son of Mithridates the Great, was appointed by his father king of the Bosporus, when he, for the second time, reduced that countrj", after the short war with Murena, B. c. 80. In B. c. 73 Mithridates, after his defeat at Cj'zicus, applied to him for succours, which were at the time readily furnished ; but two years after- wards the repeated disasters of Mithridates proved too much for the fidelity of Machares, and he sent an embassy to Lucullus with a present of a crown of gold, and requested to be admitted to terms of alliance with Rome. This was readily granted hy Lucullus ; aiid as a proof of his sincerity, Machares furnished the Roman general with supplies and assistance in the siege of Sinope. (Appian, Mithr. 07, 78, 83 ; Plut. LucuU. 24 ; Memnon, 54, ed. Orelli.) But when Mithridates, after his defeat by Pompey, adopted the daring resolution of marching with his army to the Bosporus, and renewing the contest from thence, Machares became alarmed for the consequences of his defection ; and on learning the actual approach of his father (b. c. 65) fled to the city of Chersonesus, where he soon after, de- spairing of pardon, put an end to his own life. (Appian, Mithr. 102.) Dion Cassius, on the con- trary, relates (xxxvi. 33) that Mithridates deceived him with promises of safety, and then put him to death. (Comp. Ores. vi. 5.) [E. H. B.] MACHA'TAS (Maxaras) 1. A Macedonian, father of Harpalus, and of Philip, the satrap of India. (Arr. Anah. iii. 6. § 7, v. 8. § 5.) He waa a brother of Derdas and of Phila, one of the many wives of Philip of Macedonia, and belonged to the family of the princes of Elymiotis. After the expulsion of those princes he seems to have reiided at the court of Philip, though it would MACRIANUS. 885 appear from an anecdote recorded by PIntarch that he hardly enjoyed consideration corresponding to his former rank. {Pii. Apophth. p. 179; Athen. xiii. p. 557, c; D^oy&ew., Akxatider, p. 43.) 2. An Aetolian, who was sent ambassador to Sparta at the commencement of the Social war, B. c. 220, to endeavour to induce the Lacedae- monians to join the Aetolians against Philip V., king of Macedonia, and the Achaean League. His first embassy was unsuccessful ; but shortly after, a change having occurred in the government of Sparta, in consequence of the election of the two kings Agesipolis and Lycurgus, Machatas again repaired thither, and this time easily effected the conclusion of the proposed alliance. From thence he proceeded to Elis, and induced the Eleians also to unite with the newly formed league against the Achaeans. (Polyb. iv. 34, 36.) 3. An Epeirot, son of the elder, and father of the younger Charops. (Polyb, xxvii. 13.) [Cha- ROPS.] [E. H. B.] MACHA'TAS (Mox<iTas), a sculptor, whose name is known by an inscription, from which it appears that he made a statue of Hercules, which was dedicated by one Laphanes, the son of Las- thenes. (Montfaucon, Diario Italico, p. 425 ; Brunck, Anal, vol. iii. p. 188, No. 187; Jacobs, A?iimadv. in Anth. Graec. vol. iii. pt. 1, p. 596.) Machatas is mentioned in another inscription as the maker of a statue dedicated to Asclepius. (Bockh, Corp. Inscrip. 1794 ; R. Rochette, Lettre a M. Schom, p. 346, 2d edition.) [P. S.] MACHON (Maxwj'), of Corinth or Sicyon, a comic poet, flourished at Alexandria, where he gave instructions respecting comedy to the gram- marian Aristophanes of Byzantium. He was contemporary with Apollodorus of Carystus, and flourished between the 120th and 1 30th Olympiads (b. c. 300 — 260). He held a high place among the Alexandrian poets ; Athenaeus says of him, ^U 8' ^70005 irOl-nTTJS €? TIS dlKhOS TftJy fXfTCl TOl)s eTTTct, and quotes an elegant epigram in his praise. We have the titles of two of his plays, "Ayvoia and 'ETTio-ToATj, and of a sententious poem in iambic senarii, entitled Xpeiat., of which Athenaeus has preserved several fragments. (Athen. vi. p. 241, f; xiv. p. 664, a, b, c, viii. p. 345, f, xiii. p. 577, d ; Meineke, Hist. Crit. Com. Graec. pp. 479, 480, 462 ; Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. ii. pp. 452, 453.) [P. S.] MACrSTIUS. [Masistius.] MACISTUS {mdKUTTos). 1. A surname of Heracles, who had a temple in the neighbourhood of the town of Macistus in Triphylia. (Strab. viii. p. 348.) 2. A son of Athamas and brother of Phrixus, from whom the town of Macistus in Triphylia was believed to have derived its name. (Steph. Bjz. S. V. Md/CJ(TTOS.) [L. S.] MACRIA'NUSand MACRIA'NUS, JUNIOR, rank among the thirty tyrants enumerated by Trebellius Pollio. When Valerian undertook the Persian war, he committed the chief command to Macrianus, whose valour had been proved as a boy in Italy, as a youth in Thrace, as a man in Africa, and when stricken in years in lUyria and Dalmatia, In consequence, it is said, of his incapacity or treachery, the campaign terminated in the capture of the emperor, after which, Macrianus and Balista having collected the scattered remnants of the Roman army, it was determined in solemn con- 3l 3