Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/857

Rh LYCABAS. Uie title of praotor to enhance his dignity. (Hor. Sat. i. 5. 34— 3 (S.) LUSCUS, M. FU'RIUS, plebeian aedile with C. Sempronius Blaesus, B. c. 187, exhibited a second time the plebeii ludi. (Liv. xxxix. 7.) C. LU'SIUS, a nephew of C. Marius, and tri- bune of the soldiers in the Cimbric war, B. c. Ill — 106, was slain by his tent-comrade, Trebonius, for attempting a criminal assault upon him. Marius acquitted and commended Trebonius. (Plut. Alar. 14 ; Cic. pro Mil. 4 ; Schol. Bob.joro Mil. p. 279, Orelli ; Val. Max. vi. 1. § 12.) [W. B. D.] LU'SIUS GET A. [Geta.] LU'SIUS QUIETUS. [Quiktus.] LUTA'RIUS. [Leonnorius.] LUTA'TIA GENS, plebeian. The name is sometimes written in MSS. Luctatius as well as Lutatius : in the poets the u in the latter form is short (Sil. Ital. vi, 687 ; Claudian, in Eiitrop. i. 455.) This gens first became distinguished in Roman history by C. Lutatius Catulus, who was consul B. c. 242, the last year of the first Punic war. Its cognomens are Catulus, Cerco, and Pinthia ; but Cerco is the only cognomen which we find upon coins. The Lutatii had a burial-place (se- •pulchrum Lutatiorum) beyond the Tiber, which is mentioned in B.C. 82. (Oros. v. 21.) LUTA'TIUS, the author of an historical work, entitled Communis Histcria, or Communes Historiae, of which a fourth book is quoted. (Probus, ad Virg. Georg. iii. 280; Serv. ad Aen. ix. 710) Some writers consider him to be the same as the C. Lutatius Catulus who perished in the proscription of Marius [Catulus, No. 3] ; but he was pro- bably a different person, as Cicero makes no men- tion of the Communis Historia in his enumeration of the works of Catulus. (Cic. Brut. 35.) The fragments of this work are collected by Krause ( Vitae et Fragm. Hist. Lat. p. 318, &c.). LUTA'TIUS DAPHNIS, a celebrated gram- marian, who was purchased by Q. Lutatius Catulus [Catulus, No. 3j at an immense sum, and soon afterwards manumitted. (Suet, de III. Gram. 3. ) Q. LUTA'TIUS DIODO'RUS, received the Roman franchise from Sulla, through the influence of Q. Lutatius Catulus. He afterwards lived at Lilybaeum, where he was robbed by Verres. (Cic. Verr. iv. 17.) C. LUTO'RIUS PRISCUS. [Priscus.] LUXO'RIUS flourished in Africa under the Vandal king Hilderic during the early part of the sixth century. His name is attached to a series of eighty-nine short poems or epigrams in various metres, many of them coarse, all of them dull. The language and versification, however, show that the author must have been a man of education, well acquainted with the models of classical antiquity, and one or two of the pieces are curious, inasmuch as they prove that the irregularities of the clergy had already begun to afford a theme for satire. Luxorius is one of the many poets to whom the charming Pervigilium Veneris has been ascribed, but assuredly none of his acknowledged productions are of such a stamp as to induce us to believe him capable of having created any thing so bright and graceful. (Burmann, Antholog. Lat. ii. p. 579, iii. 27, 41, or n. 296—384, ed. Meyer.) [W. R.] LYAEUS (AyoTos), the god who frees men from care and anxiety, a surname of Bacchus, (Eustath. ad Horn. p. 108 ; Virg. Georg. ii. 229.) [L. S.] LYCABAS, the name of three fictitious per- LYCASTUS. 813 sonages mentioned by Ovid {Met. iii. 625, v. 60, xii. 302). [L. S.] LYCAEUS (AuKaTos), sometimes also Lyceus, a surname of certain divinities worshipped on mount Lycaeum in Arcadia, as for instance Zeus, who had a sanctuary on it, in which the festival of the Lycaea was celebrated. No one was allowed to enter the temple, and if any one forced his way in, he was believed to stay within one year, and to lose his shadow (Pans. viii. 2. § 1, 38. § 4, &c. ; Pind. 01. xiii. 154). According to others those who entered it were stoned to death by the Arcadians, or were called stags, and obliged to take to flight to save their lives (Plut. Quaest. Graec. 39). Pan also was called the Lycaean, because he was born and had a sanctuary on mount Lycaeon (Paus. viii, 38. § 4 ; Strab. viii. p. 388 ; Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 16 ; Virg. Aen. viii. 344). Lycaeus also occurs as a surname of Apollo. See Lycius. [L. S.] LYCAMBES. [Archilochus.] L YCAON {AvKOLwu). 1. A son of Pelasgus by Meliboea, the daughter of Oceanus, and king of Arcadia (Apollod. iii. 8. § 1). Others call him a son of Pelasgus by Cyllene (Schol. ad Eurip. Orest. 1642), and Dionysius of Halicamassus (i. 11, 13) distinguishes between an elder and a younger Lycaon, the former of whom is called a son of Aezeus and father of Deianeira,by whom Pelasgus became the father of the younger Lycaon. The traditions about him place Lycaon in very different lights, for according to some, he was a barbarian who even defied the gods (Ov. Met. i. 198, &c.), while others describe him as the first civiliser of Arcadia, who built the town of Lycosura, and in- troduced the worship of Zeus Lycaeus. It is added that he sacrificed a child on the altar of Zeus, and that during the sacrifice he was changed by Zeus into a wolf (Paus. viii. 2. § 1 ; comp, Ov. Met. i. 237). By several wives Lycaon became the father of a large number of sons, some say fifty, and others only twenty-two ; but neither their number nor their names are the same in all accounts (Apollod., Dionys. II. cc. ; Paus. viii. 3. § 1 ; Eustath. ad Horn. -p. 313). The sons of Lycaon are said to have been notorious for their insolence and impiety, and Zeus visited thera in the disguise of a poor man, with a view to punish them. They invited him to a repast, and on the suggestion of one of them, Maenalus, they mixed in one of the dishes set before him the entrails of a boy whom they had murdered. According to Ovid Zeus was re- cognised and worshipped by the Arcadian people, but Lycaon, after a vain attempt to kill the god, resolved to try him with the dish of human flesh (Tzetz. adLycoph. 481 ; Eratosth. Catast. 8). How- ever, Zeus pushed away the table vi'hich bore the horrible food, and the place where this happened was afterwards called Trapezus. Lycaon and all his sons, with the exception of the youngest (or eldest), Nyctimus, were killed by Zeus with a flash of lightning, or according to others, were changed into wolves (Ov., Tzetz. II. cc. ; Paus. viii. 3. § 1). Some say that the flood of Deucalion occurred in the reign of Nyctimus, as a punishment of the crimes of the Lycaonids, (Apollod. I. c.) 2. A son of Priam and Laothoe, was taken and slain by Achilles. (Hom. II. iii. 333, xxi. 35, &o., xxii. 46, &c.) 3. A Lycian, the father of Pandarus. (Hom. //. ii. 826,v. 197.) [L. S.] LYCASTUS (Aj/cao-Tos), a son of Minos and