Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/775

Rh LEOTYCHIDES. before the close of the year 323 B.C.: though still quite a young man, it appears that he left children, ■whose statues were set up by the side of his own in the Peiraeer.s. (Pans. i. 1. § 3). [E.H.B.] LEOSTRA'TIDES, a silver-chaser, who lived at Rome in the time of Pompey the Great, and executed works representing battles and armed men (Vim. H.N. xxxiii. 12. s. 55). The name has been corrupted, in the common editions of Pliny, into Laedus Siratiates, and the true reading is not quite certain. Thiersch proposes Lysistratides {Epoch, pp. 297, 298 ; comp. Sillig. Catal. Artif. s. v.) [P. S.] LEOTRO'PHIDES {Aeu>T po<pi5vs), one of the Athenian dithyrambic poets, whom Aristophanes ridicules (Av. 1405, 6). The meagrenoss of his person, as well as of his poetry, made him a stand~ ing jest with the comic poets. (Scbol. in Aristoph. 1. c. ; Suid. s. V. ; Ath. xii. p. 551, a. b.) [P. S.] LEOTY'CHIDES (Aecorvx^STj?, AcutuxiStjs, Herod.) 1. Son of Anaxilaus, of the royal blood of the Eurypontids, and fourth progenitor of No. 2. (Herod, viii. 131.) 2. Son of Menares, and sixteenth of the Eury- pontids. Having become king of Sparta, about B. c. 491, on the deposition of Demaratus, through the contrivance of Cleomenes and the collusion of the Delphic oracle [Cleomenes ; Demaratus], he accompanied Cleomenes to Aegina, and aided him in seizing the hostages, of whom he had pre- viously attempted to possess himself in vain. (Herod, vi. QB, &c. ; Pans. iii. 4.) On the death of Cleo- menes, soon after, the Aeginetans complained at Sparta of the detention of their hostages by the Athenians, in whose hands they had been placed, and the Lacedaemonians thereupon decided that Leotychides should be given up, by way of satis- faction, to the complainants. On the proposal, however, of a Spartan named Theasides, it was agreed that Leotychides should proceed to Athens and recover the prisoners ; but the men thus de- tained belonged, doubtless, to the oligarchical party at Aegina, and the Athenians refused to give them up, alleging that they had been placed with them by Cleomenes and Leotychides together, whereas the latter only had come to claim them. The remon- strances of Leotychides, backed though they were by the warning anecdote of the perjury and punish- ment of Glaucus [see above, p. 275, b.], were of no avail, and he returned to Sparta with the object of his mission unaccomplished. (Herod, vi. 85, 86.) Ill B. c. 479, after the flight of Xerxes, we find I^eotychides in command of the Greek fleet at Aegina, — a most unusual appointment for a Spartan king (see Arist. Pol. ii. 9, ed. Bekk.), and hence he advanced as far as Delos ; but, in spite of the entreaties of the Chians, fear of the Persians kept him from sailing further eastward, until an embassy from the Samians, and further information doubt- less as to the condition and spirit of Ionia, induced him to proceed to Samos to aid the lonians in their intended revolt. The Persians fled at his approach to Mycale, where their army was stationed. Here they disembarked, and drew up their ships on shore : the Greeks also landed, Leotychides having first called aloud on the lonians in the enemy's army to aid in the attainment of their own freedom ; and in the battle of Mycale, which ensued, the Persians were utterly defeated. (Herod, viii. 131, 132, ix. 90— 92, 96—106 ; Diod. xi. 34 ; Pans. iii. 7.) After- Avards Leotychides was sent with an army into Xhessaly to punish those who had sided with the LEPIDA. 761 barbarians in the Persian war. He was uniformly successful in the field, and might have reduced the whole of Thessaly, had he not yielded to the bribes of the Aleuadae. For this he was brought to trial on his return home, and went into exile to Tegea, B. c. 469, where he died. His house at Sparta was razed to the ground. His son, Zeuxidamus, died before his banishment, and he was succeeded on the throne by his grandson, Archidamus II. By a second wife he had a daughter, named Lampito, whom he gave in marriage to Archidamus. (Herod, vi. 71, 72 ; Pans. iii. 7 ; Diod. xi. 4S ; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. pp. 209, 210.) 3, Fourth in descent from No. 2, was grandson of Archidamus II., and son of Agis II. There was, however, some suspicion that he was in reality the fruit of an intrigue of Alcibiades with Tiraaea, the queen of Agis, a suspicion which was strengthened (so Pausanias says) by some angry expressions of Agis himself, and also by Timaea's own language, according to Duns and Plutarch. Agis indeed before his death repented of what he had said on the subject, and publicly owned Leo- tychides for his son. On his father's demise, however, he was excluded from the throne on the above grounds, mainly through the influence of Lysander, and his uncle, Agesilaus II., was sub- stituted in his room. (Paus. iii. 8 ; Duris, ap. Plut. Ages. 3 ; Plut. Ale. 23, Lysand. 22 ; Xen. Ages. 1, Hell. iii. 3. §§ 1—4 ; Just. v. 2.) [E. E.] LE'PIDA, AEMI'LIA. 1. The daughter of PauUus Aemilius Lepidus, consul b. c. 34 [Le- PiDUS, No. 19] and Cornelia, was born in the censorship of her father, b. c. 22. (Propert. iv. 11, 67.) Of her future history nothing is known. 2. The sister of M'. Aemilius Lepidus, who was consul a. D. 11. [Lepidus, No. 25.] She was descended from L. Sulla and Cn. Pompey, and was at one time destined for the wife of L. Caesar, the grandson of Augustus. She was, however, subsequently married to P. Quirinus, who divorced her, and who, twenty years after the divorce, in A. D. 20, accused her of having falsely pretended to have had a son by him : at the same time she was charged with adultery, poisoning, and having con- sulted the Chaldaeans for the purpose of injuring the imperial family. Though she was a woman of abandoned character, her prosecution by her former husband excited much compassion among the people; but as Tiberius, notwithstanding his dissimulation, was evidently in favour of the prosecution, Lepida was condemned by the senate, and interdicted from fire and water. (Tac. Ann. iii. 22, 23 ; Suet. Tib. 49.) 3. The great grand-daughter of Augustus, being the daughter of L. Aemilius PauUus, consul in A. D. 1 [Lepidus, No. 22], and Julia, the grand- daughter of Augustus. She was married to the emperor Claudius long before his accession to the throne, when he was quite young, but was either divorced or died soon after the marriage. (Suet. Claud. 26.) 4. The daughter of M. Aemilius Lepidus, consul A. D. 6 [Lepidus, No. 23], was married to Drusus, the son of Germanicus and Agrippina. [Drusus, No. 18.] She was a woman of abandoned cha- racter, and frequently made charges against her husband, doubtless with the view of pleasing Tibe- rius, who hated Drusus. During the lifetime of her father, who was always highly esteemed by Tiberius, she could do much as she pleased ; but