Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/75

Rh EUBULIDES. the recovery of some property. He being still a boy, his father, Sositheus, appeared for him. De- mosthenes wrote in his defence the speech irpos MaKaprarov. The name Eubulides was borne by several others of this family, the genealogy of which it is rather difficult to make out ; but it appears that Eubulides, the grandfather and adoptive father of the boy of the same name, was himself the grand- son of another Eubulides, son of Buselus. (Dem. c. Macart. cc. 1-8.) 3. 4. Two individuals of the name of Eubulidas are mentioned as among the victims of the rapacity of Verres. One surnamed Grosphus, a native of Centuripae, the other a native of Herbita. (Cic. c. Verr. iii. 23, v. 42, 4.9.) [C. P. M.] EUBU'LIDES (EugouAiSrjs), of Miletus, a phi- losopher who belonged to the Megaric school. It is not stated whether he was the immediate or a later successor of Eucleides (Diog. Laert. ii. 108); nor is it said whether he was an elder or younger contemporary of Aristotle, against whom he wrote with great bitterness. (Diog. Laert. ii. 109; Athen. vii. p. 354 ; Aristot. ap. Euseh. Praep. Ev. xv. 2. p. 792.) The statement that Demosthenes availed himself of his dialectic instruction (Plut. Vit. X Orat. p. 845 ; Apul. Orat de Mag. p. 18, ed. Bip.; Phot. Bihl. Cod. 265, p. 493, ed. Bekk.) is alluded to also in a fragment of an anonymous comic poet, (ap. Diog. Laert. ii. 108.) There is no mention of his having written any works, but he is said to have invented the forms of several of the most cele- brated false and captious syllogisms (Diog. Laert. /. c), some of which, however, such as the ^laXav- Qaviov and the KfpaTivrjs, were ascribed by others to the later Diodorus Cronus (Diog. Laert. i. Ill), and several of them are alluded to by Aristotle and even by Plato. Thus the iyK^KaXv/uLfisvos, SiaKapddvwv or 'HAe/crpa, which are different names for one and the same form of syllogism, as well as the ipev^ofi^vos and /ceparii/Tjs, occur in Aristotle (EL Soph. 24, 25, 22), and partially also in Plato {Euthyd. p. 276, comp. TJieaetet. pp. 165, 175.) We cannot indeed ascertain what motives Eubulides and other Megarics had in forming such syllogisms, nor in what form they were dressed up, on account of the scantiness of our information upon this portion of the history of Greek philoso- phy ; but we may suppose, with the highest degree of probability, that they were directed especially against the sensualistic and hypothetical proceed- ings of the Stoics, and partly also against the defi- nitions of Aristotle and the Platonists, and that they were intended to establish the Megaric doc- trine of the simplicity of existence, which could be arrived at only by direct thought. (H. Hitter, Ueber die Megar. Scliule^ in Niebuhr and Brandts'' Rhein. Mus. ii. p. 295, &c. ; Brandis, Gesch. der Griech. Rom. Philos. i. p. 122, &c.) ApoUonius Cronus, the teacher of Diodorus Cronus, and the historian Euphantus, are mentioned as pupils of Eubulides. [Ch. a. B.] EUBU'LIDES (EtJgouA/Srjs), a statuary, who made a great votive oifering, consisting of a group of thirteen statues, namely, Athena, Paeonia, Zeus, Mnemosyne, the Muses, and Apollo, which he de- dicated at Athens, in the temple of Dionysus, in the Cerameicus. (Pans. i. 2. § 4.) Pliny mentions his statue of one counting on his fingers (xxxiv. 8, B. 19. § 29, according to Harduin's emendation). Eubulides had a son, Eucheir. EUBULUS. 61 In the year 1837 the great groiip of Eubulides in the Cerameicus was discovered. Near it was a fragment of an inscription . . . XEIP02 KPnniAHS EnOIHSEN. Another inscription was found near the Erechtheum, . . .]XEIP KAI ETBOTAIAH2 KPnniAAI EnOIH2AN. (Bockh, Corp. Inscrl i. p. 504, No. 666, comp. Add. p. 916.) From a comparison of these inscriptions with each other and with Pausanias (viii. 14. § 4), it may be inferred that the first inscription should be thus completed : — ETB0TAIAH2 ET.XEIP05 KPnniAHS EHOIHSEN, and that there was a family of artists of the Cropeian demos, of which three generations are known, namely, Eubulides, Eucheir, Eubulides. The architectural character of the monument and the forms of the letters, alike shew that these inscriptions must be referred to the time of the Roman dominion in Greece. (Ross, in the Kunstblait, 1837, No. 93, &c.) Thiersch comes to a like conclusion on other grounds. {Epochen, p. 127.) [P. S.j EUBU'LUS (EugouXos), a son of Carmanor and father of Carme. (Pans. ii. 30. § 3.) This name likewise occurs as a surname of several divi nities who were regarded as the authors of good counsel, or as well-disposed ; though when applied to Hades, it is, like Eubuleus, a mere euphemism. (Orph. Hymn. 17. 12, 29. 6, 55. 3.) [L. S.] EUBU'LUS, AURE'LIUS of Emesa, chief auditor of the exchequer (toj)s Ka66ou yous ^iriTeTpaixfXfvos) under Elagabalus, rendered him- self so odious by his rapacity and extortion, that upon the death of his patron the tyrant, he was torn to pieces by the soldiers and people, who had long clamorously demanded his destruction. (Dion Cass. Ixxix. 21.) [W. R.] EUBU'LUS, one of the commission of Nine appointed by Theodosius in a. d. 429 to compile a code upon a plan which was afterwards abandoned. He had before that date filled the office of magister scriniorum. In A. d. 435, he was named on the commission of Sixteen, which compiled the exist- ing Theodosian code upon an altered plan. He then figures as comes and quaestor, with the titles illustris and magnificus. The emperor, however, in mentioning those who distinguished themselves in the composition of his code, does not signalize Eubulus. [Diodorus, vol. i. p. 1018.] [J. T. G.] EUBU'LUS (EugouAos), an Athenian, the son of Euphranor, of the Cettian demus, was a very distinguished comic poet of the middle comedy, flourished, according to Suidas (s. v.), in the lOlst Olympiad, B. c. 37f . If this date be correct (and it is confirmed by the statement that Philip, the son of Aristophanes, was one of his rivals), Eubulus must have exhibited comedies for a long series of years ; for he ridiculed Callimedon, the contempo- rary of Demosthenes. (Athen. viii. p. 340, d.) It is clear, therefore, that Suidas is wrong in placing Eubulus on the confines of the Old and the Middle Comedy. He is expressly assigned by the author of the Etymologic(m Magnum (p. 451. 30) and by Ammonius (s. v. %uZov) to the Middle Comedy, the duration of which begins very little before him, and extends to a period very little, if at all, after him. His plays were chiefly on mythological subjects. Several of them contained parodies of passages from the tragic poets, and especially from Euri- pides. There are a few instances of his attacking eminent individuals by name, as Philocrates, Cy- dias, Callimedon, Dionysius the tyrant of Syracuse,