Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/616

Rh 602 JOANNES. frequent conferences, Barlaam was compelled to fly, and Josaphat had to encounter reproaches from his father, and temptations, by which it was hoped to lead bim into sin. He succeeded in converting his principal opponents, and at length his father, on whose death he came to the throne, but soon re- signed it, retired to solitude, and lived many years with his old friend Barlaam, whom he succeeded in finding. On the death of Barlaam he buried him, and on his own death was buried near him. The writer professes to have derived his narrative from some pious men of Aethiopia In- terior, '* quos Indos vocant;" and is himself de- scribed in MSS. as 'icoctv^'Tjs /xouaxos dvrp t'i/jlios kuI eVaperos fxovijs tov dyiov SctSa, "John the Monk, an honourable and virtuous man of the monastery of St. Saba." It is ascribed by some, especially by Billy, who argues the point at some length, to Joannes Da- maseenus [Damascenus], who was a monk of St. Saba ; but Le Quien did not include it in his edi- tion of the works of that father. Others ascribe it to a Joannes Sinaita or Joannes of Mt. Sinai, others to Joannes Climacus. [Climacus.] The Latin version has been published, however, by other editors among the works of Damascenus, and separately by Bily, 12mo. Antwerp, 1602. There are two more ancient editions, one a small folio in black letter, the other in 4to. : neither of them have any indication of time or place. There are also two ancient editions, one in black letter, printed at Augsburg about A. D. 1470 ; the other also at Augsburg, perhaps about A. D. 1477. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. viii. p. 144, vol. ix. p. 737 ; Lambecius, Comment, de Biblioth. Caesarea^ lib. viii. col. 14, &c., ed. Kollar ; Panzer, Annal. Typograph. vol. iii. p. 30, No. 67, vol. iv. p. 93, No. 158 ; Denis, Annal. Typog. Maittaire^ Supplement, p. 505, Nos. 4331, 4332, p. 593, Nos. 5194, 5195.) 107. Sapiens. [See No. 48.] 108. ScHOLASTicus. [See below, Joannes, Jurists, No. 4.] 109. ScHOLASTicus. [See No. 111.] 110. SCYHTZES CUROPALATA. [ScYLITZES.] 111. Of ScYTHOPOLis, a Greek ecclesiastical writer, apparently of the latter end of the fifth cen- tury or the beginning of the sixth. He wrote a work against the followers of Eutyches and Dioscorus, entitled Kara, rwu diroax^^^^ V^ eKKr]aiaSy Contra desertores Ecdesiae. It was divided into twelve parts, and was undertaken at the suggestion of a certain prelate, one Julianus, in reply to an anonymous Eutychian writer, who had published a book deceitfully entitled Kord Neo-Topiov, Adversus Nestorium, and whom Photius supposed to be Ba- silius, a presbyter of Cilicia. This Basilius wrote a reply to Joannes in very abusive style, charging him, among other things, with being a Manichaean, and with restricting Lent to a period of three weeks, and not abstaining from flesh even in that shortened period. Certain Ilapafleo-ets, Scholia^ to the works of the pseudo Dionysius Areopagita, which Usher has observed to be mingled in the printed editions of Dionysius with the Scholia of St. Maximus, have been ascribed to Joannes of Scythopolis. Anastasius Bibliothecarius in the eighth century made a Latin translation of these mingled scholia, not now ex- tant, in which he professed to distinguish those of Maximus from those of Joannes by the mark of a cross. Fabricius identifies the Scholia of Joannes Trith the Commenlarii in Dio7iy8ium Areopayitam JOANNES. cited by Joannes Cyparissiota as by Dionysius of Alexandria. (Phot. Bibl. cod. 95, 107; Usher, Dissert, de Scriptis Dionys. Areop. suppositia, p. 299, subjoined to his Historia Dogmatica de Scrip- turis, ^c. Vemaculis, 4to. Lond, 1 689 ; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p. 9, vol. x. pp. 707, 710; Cave, Hist. Liu. vol. i. p. 466.) 112. SicuLus, or of Sicily, author of a Greek Chronicon, extending from the creation to the end of the reign of Michael III., the son of Th.eophilus, or to A. D. 866. It was formerly extant in the library of the Elector Palatine, and was used by Sylburgius, as he says in the preface to his Sa- racenica ; it is probably still extant in the Va- tican library at Rome. Mongitore mentions one other copy, if not more. It is probable that he is the author cited by Cedrenus in his Compendium (Prooem.) as o St/ceAicoTTjs, but this is not clear. A Joannes Siculus, apparently the same, is enumer- ated among the Christian commentators on Her- raogenes. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p. 471 ; Voss. de Historicis Graecis, iv. 21; Mongitore, Bibliotheca Sicula, vol. i. p. 313.) 113. Of Sinai. [Climacus, and No. 1 06.] 114. Sylvan us. [See No, 72.] 115. Talaia, or Talaida, otherwise Taben- NisiOTA (Ta§evvi(neiTr}s), from the monastery of Tabenna, near Alexandria ; or of Alexandria, from his patriarchal see ; or, from the offices which he had previously held, Oeconomus {oIk6voij.os ) and Presbyter. This ecclesiastic was sent by the advice of some of the Alexandrians on a mission to the Emperor Zeno (about A. d. 478 — 480), that in case of a vacancy in the patriarchate of that city, then held by Timotheus Salophaciolus, a de- fender of the council of Chalcedon, the clergy and laity of Alexandria might be allowed to choose his successor. According to Evagrius (or rather accord- ing to Zacharias Rhetor whom Evagrius cites as his authority) Joannes was detected in intrigues to ob- tain his own appointment in the event of a vacancy : perhaps his connection with Illus [Illus], whose friendship, according to Liberatus, he cultivated by costly presents, excited the jealousy and apprehen- sions of the emperor. However this might be, though Zeno granted to the Alexandrians the liberty which they had requested, he bound Joannes by a solemn oath not to seek the succession for himself. Soon after the return of Joannes, Timothus Salo- phaciolus died (a. d. 481), and Joannes was elected to succeed him, but was almost immediately expelled from his see by order of the emperor. The cause of his expulsion is differently stated. Liberatus says that he was expelled mainly through the jealousy of Acacius, patriarch of Constantinople, to whom on different occasions he had failed in paying due attention. According to Evagrius, who quotes Zacharias as his authority, he was detected in having procured his own election by bribery, and thus breaking the oath which the emperor had constrained him to take. The circumstances of the times make it probable that his connection with Illus, then the object of jealousy and sus- picion to Zeno, if not actually in rebellion against him [Illus], had much to do with his expulsion, and was perhaps the chief cause of it. Joannes, expelled from Alexandria, first resorted to Illus, then at Antioch ; and having through his intervention obtained from the patriarch of Antioch and his sufiragans a synodical letter commending him to the Pope (Simplicius), departed to Rome to plead