Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/575

Rh TT) AN THYRSUS, out of the Peloponnesian war, an argument by no means conclusive. Ictinus was also the architect of the shrine (/xvo-tikos ar^Kos) at Elcusis, in which the roysteries were celebrated : it was a very large biiildmg, without external porticoes, and so con- trived as to accommodate a vast number ef persons. All these buildings were of the Doric order. Ic- tinus, in conjunction with Carpion, wrote a de- scription of the Parthenon. (Paus. viii, 41. § 5 ; Strab. ix. pp. 39.5, 396 ; Pint. Feric. 13 ; Vitruv. Aii. Prooem. §§ 12, 16.) [P- S.J IDAEA ('ISai'a), the name of several nymphs (Paus. X. 12. § 4: seeTEUCRUS, Phineus); but it occurs also as a surname of Cybele. (Virg. Aen. x. 252; Hesych. s.u.) [L. S.J IDAEI DACTYLI. [Dactyli.] IDAEUS ('ISaros). 1. A son of Dardanus and Chryse, and brother of Deimas, went with his father from Peloponnesus, by way of Samothrace, to Phrygia, and settled on the mountains of Phry- gia, which derived from him the name of Idji, or the Idaean mountains. He is further said to have instituted there the worship and mysteries of the Phrygian mother of the gods. (Dionys. Hal, i. 61.) 2. A son of Priam. (Ptolem. Hephaest. 5.) 3. A son of Paris and Helena. (Tzetz. ad Ly- coph. 845 ; Dictys Cret v. 5.) 4. A herald of the Trojans. (Horn. II. iii. 247, vii. 276, 381,413, xxiv. 325.) 5. A son of Dares, the Trojan priest of Hephaes- tus. (Horn. IL V. 11.) 6. The name Idaeus also occurs as a surname of Zeus (Ilom. II. xvi. 605), and of Heracles, as an Idaean Dactyl. (Paus. v. 8. § 1.) [L. S.J IDAEUS ('iSttios), a painter in the train of Agesilaus in Asia Minor, about B.C. 396. (Xen. Hell. iv. 1. § 39.) Plutarch calls him Adaeus (J/;e.9. 13). [P. S.] IDA'LIA, a surname of Aphrodite, derived from the town of Idalion in Cyprus. (Virg. Aen. i. 680, 692, V. 760, x. 86 ; Ov. Art. Am.m. 106 ; Strab. xiv. p. 682 ; Theocrit. xv. 101 ; Bion, i. 36.) [L. S.J IDANTHYRSUS i^lUvevpaos). 1. A king of the Scythians, under whom, according to Strabo, they overran Asia, and advanced as far as Egypt. This was perhaps the incursion mentioned by Herodotus, who tells us that they held Asia for 28 years, and were ultimately driven out by Cyax- ares, B.C. 607. According to Herodotus, however, the king, who led the expedition of which he gives an account, was Madyas ; and Madyas is men- tioned by Strabo (i. p. 61) as king of the Cimme- rians. An incursion of the Scythians to the borders of E^ypt in very early times is recorded by Justin, but m an obscure and unsatisfactory way. (Strab. XV. p. 687 ; Herod, i. 15, 103—105, iv. 11, 12, 67, vii. 20; Just. ii. 3; Clint. F. H. vol. i. sub annis 634, 632, 608, 607.) 2. Another king of the Scythians, probably a descendant of the above. He was a son of Sau- liiis, the brother and slayer of Anacharsis. When Dareius Hystaspis invaded Scythia, about B. c. 508, and the Scythians retreated before him, he sent a message to Idanthyrsus, calling upon him either to fight or submit. The Scythian king an- swered that, in flying before the Persians, he was not urged by fear, but was merely living the wan- dering life to which he was accustomed — that there was no reason why he should fight the Persians, as he had neither cities for them to take nor lands VOL. II. IDAS. 561 for them to ravage ; but that if they would attempt to disturb the Scythian tombs where their fothera lay, they should see whether they would fight with them or not — that, as for submission, he paid that to none but the gods of Scythia, and that, instead of the required gifts of earth and water, he would send the invader such gifts as befitted him. A herald afterwards came to Dareius with the present of a bird, a mouse, a frog, and five arrows, the ex- planation whereof exercised Persian ingenuity con- siderably. (Herod, iv. 76, 120, 127, 131, 132; Plut. Reg. et Imp. Ajiophih., p. 8, ed. Tauchn.; Justin, ii. 3, 5, vii. 3 ; Oros. ii. 8.) [E. E.J IDAS (*'lSas). 1. A person who was killed by Phineus at the wedding of Perseus. (Ov. MeU V. 90.) 2. A son of Aegyptus, who was married to Hip- podice. (Apollod. ii. 1 . § 5.) 3. One of the companions of Diomedes, who were metamorphosed into birds by the anger of Aphro- dite. (Ov. Met. xiv. 504.) 4. A son of Aphareus and Arene, the daughter of Oebalus, whence he and his brother Lynceus are called Apharetides, or Aphareidae. He was married to Marpessa, and became by her the father of Cleopatra or Alcyone. (Hom. //. ix. 5c)Q, &c. ; Apol- lod. iii. 10. § 3; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 776.) His mother is also called Polydora, Laocoosa, or Arne. (Theocrit. xxii. 206 ; Schol. ad Apollon. lihod. i. 151 ; Tzetz. ad LycopJi. 511.) His daughter was called Alcyone, because Marpessa was once carried off by Apollo, and lamented over the separation from her beloved husband, as Alcyon had once wept about Ceyx. fHom. II. ix. 561 ; Paus. iv. 2. § 5.) Idas carried off Marpessa, the daughter of Evenus, for whose hand Apollo also was suing, and was assisted by Poseidon, who gave him a winged chariot. Evenus, who pursued him, could not overtake him, but Apollo found him in Messene, and took the maiden from him. The two lovers fought for her possession, but Zeus separated them, and left the decision with Marpessa, who chose Idas, from feat lest Apollo should desert her if she grew old. (Apollod. i. 7. § 8, &c. ; Hom. //. I. c.) The two brothers, Idas and Lynceus, also took part in the Calydonian hunt (Apollod. i. 8. § 2 ; Ov. Met.y'm. 305), and in the expedition of the Argonauts. (Apollod. i. 9. § 16 ; Apollon. Rhod. i. 151, &c. ; Orph. Argon. 178.) In the latter expedition Idas killed the boar which had destroyed Idmon in the kingdom of Lycus (Hygin. Fab. 14), but when he attempted to deprive Teuthras, king of INIysia, of his kingdom, he was conquered by Telephus and Parthenopaeus. (Hygin. Fab. 100.) The most celebrated part of the story of the Apharetidae is their fight with the Dioscuri, with whom they had grown up from their childhood. Once, so the story runs, the Aphareidae and Dioscuri conjointly carried off some herds from Arcadia, and Idas was requested to divide the booty into equal parts. He thereupon divided a bull into four parts, declaring that he who should have eaten his quarter first should have half the booty, and the one who should finish his next should have the other half. Idas himself not only devoured liis own quarter, but also that of his brother, and then drove away the whole herd into Messenia. The Dioscuri, however, dissatisfied with this mode of proceeding, marched into Messenia, carried off the Arcadian oxen, toge- ther with much other booty made in Messenia, and lay in ambush in a hollow oak tree to wait for o o