Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/564

Rh hho lANISCUS. and also on the Ancdytica of Aristotle. (Comp. Fabric. Dili. Graec. vol. viii. p. 758, &c. ; G. E. Hebenstreit, Dissertatio de lamblicJio, philos. Syr. Lipsiae, 1764, 4to.) 3. A later Neo-Platonic philosopher of Apameia, who was a contemporary of the emperor Julian and Libanius. He has often been confounded with the other [No. 2], but the time at which he lived, and his intimacy with Julian, clearly show that he be- longs to a later date. The emperor, where he speaks of him, bestows extravagant praise upon him. (Libanius, Epkt. p. 509, ed. Wolf; Julian, EpisL 34, 40 ; Fabric. Bibl Graec. vol. v. p. 761. There was an lamblichus, a physician at Constantinople, mentioned in an epigram of Leontius, in the Greek Anthology. [L. S.] lAMBU'LUS {"laixBovos a Greek author, who is known for having written a work on the strange forms and figures of the inhabitants of India. (Tzetz. Chil. vii. 144.) Diodorus Siculus (ii. 55, &c.), who seems only to have transcribed lambulus in his description of the Indians, relates that the latter was made a slave by the Ethiopians, and sent by them to a happy island in the eastern seas, where he acquired his knowledge. The whole account, however, has the appearance of a mere fiction ; and the description which lambulus gave of the east, which he had probably never seen, con- sisted of nothing but fabulous absurdities. (Lucian, Verae Hist. 3; comp. Osann, Beitraye zur Griech. u. Rom. Lit. Gesch. vol. i. p. 21)1], &c.) [L. S.] lA'MENUS {'Id/j-evos), a Trojan who, together with Asius, was slain by Leonteus during the attack of the Trojans on the camp of the Greeks. ^Hom. //. xii. 139, 193.) [L. S.] lAMIDAE. [Iamus.] IAMUS"("la;Uos), a son of Apollo and Evadne, was initiated in the art of prophecy by his father, and was regarded as the ancestor of the famous family of seers, the lamidae at Olvmpia. (Pans. vi. 2. $ 3 ; Find. 01. vi. 43; Cic. IJe Divin. i. 41.) His story is related by Pindar thus : Pitana, the mother of Evadne, sent her newly-born child to the Arcadian Aepytus at Phaesana on the Al- pheius. There Evadne became by Apollo the mother of a boy, who, when his mother for shame deserted him, was fed with honey by two serpents. As he was found lying amid violets, he was called by his mother lanms. Aepytus, who consulted the Delphic oracle about the child, received for answer, that the boy would be a celebrated pro- phet, and the ancestor of a great family of prophets. When Iamus had grown up, he descended by night into the waters of the river Alpheius, and invoked Poseidon and Apollo, that they might reveal to him his destination. Apollo commanded him to follow his voice, and led him to Olympia, where he gave him the power to understand and explain the voices of birds, and to foretell the future from the sacrifices burning on the altars of Zeus, so soon as Heracles should have founded the Olympic games. (Find. 01. vi. 28, &c.) [L. S.] JANA. [Janus.] lANEIRA i^ldveipa)., the name of two mythical personages, the one a Nereid (Hom. II. xviii. 47 ; Hes. Theog. 356), and the other a daughter of Iphis and wife of Capaneus. (Schol. ad Pind. 01. vi. 46.) ^ ^ [L.S.] lANISCUS (*IaVi(r/fos), the name of two my- thical personages. (Paus. ii. 6. § 3 ; Schol. ad Aris- topL IHut. 701.) [L. S.J JANUS. JANNAEUS, ALEXANDER. [Alexan- DER, p. 117.] JANOPU'LUS, or J UNOPU'LUS, JOAN- NES, the name given by Fabricius to a jurist of the later Byzantine period. In the title to one of his pieces, given in the Jus Graeco-Romanum of Leunclavius, he is called Joannes, the son of Jo- NOPULUs, and from his office Chartophylax. (^wdvvT]s xapTo^uAa| 6 rov 'IwvottovKov.)' Fa- bricius in one place gives A. d. 1 370 as the date at which he flourished ; but says in another place that he flourished before Harmenopulus, who is placed by some in the twelfth century, by others in the fourteenth. [Harmenopulus.] The fol- lowing pieces are said to be by Janopulus : — 1. YliTTaKiov UaTpiapxiKou, Breve Patriarchate^ con- cerning a man who had married his mother's second cousin. It is inserted in the Jus Gr. Rom. of Leunclavius (lib. iv. p. 291), and in the heading or preamble is ascribed to our author, whose name is given as above. 2. An exposition of ecclesiasti- cal law, riepl jd/JLov tov ^ fiaO/xov, De Nuptiis Septimi Gradus. This piece is inserted in the same collection as the foregoing (lib. iii. p. 204), but does not bear the name of Janopulus: it is as- cribed to him by Bandini. Nicolaus Comnenus Papadopoli in his Praenotiones Mystafjogivae, an authority of but little weight, cites the following as works of Janopulus : — 3. Explicatio Canonuvi Poeniteniialium Gregorii Thaumattirgi. 4. Respon- sum, duodecimum ad Catholicos Iberiae. 5. Sug- gestio ad D. PatriarcTium de Testiinordo Clericorum. (Leunclav. Jus Gr. Rom. U. cc. ; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xi. p. 643, xii. p. 208.) [J. C. M.] lANTHE ("IaV07]). 1. A daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, and one of the playmates of Per- sephone. (Hom. Hymn, in Cer. 418 ; Hes. Theog. 349 ; Paus. iv. 30. § 3.) 2. A daughter of Telestes of Crete, and the beloved of Iphis. (Ov. Met. ix. 714, &c. ; comp. Iphis.) [L.S.] JANUA'RIUS NEPOTIA'NUS. [Valerius Maximus.] JANUS and JANA, a pair of ancient Latin divinitie-s, who were worshipped as the sun and moon, whence they were regarded as the highest of the gods, and received their sacrifices before all the others. (Macrob. Sat. i. 9 ; Cic. de Nat. Deor. ii. 27.) The name Janus is only another form of Dianus, and Jana of Diana ; but the ancients con- nected it also with janua (door), for it was also applied to a covered passage with two entrances, as the Janus medius in the forum. (Heindorf, ad Horat. Sat. ii. 3. 18.) The fact of Jana being identical in import with Luna and Diana is attested beyond a doubt by Varro ( de Re Rust. i. 37 ). We stated above that Janus was regarded as identical with Sol, but this does not appear to have been the case originally, for it is related that the worship of Janus was introduced at Rome by Romulus, whereas that of Sol was instituted by Titus Tatius (August, de Civ. Dei., iv. 23), and the priority of the worship of Janus is also implied in the story related by Macrobius {Sat. i. 9). Hence we must infer that the two divinities were identified at a later period, and that in such a manner that the separate idea of Sol was lost in that of Janus, for we find few traces of the worship of Sol, while that of Janus acquired the highest importance in the religion of the Romans. Numa in his regulation of the Roman year called the first month Januarius,