Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/550

Rh 5S6 HYLE. 5^4. See also the introductions prefixed to the editions of Schefer, Muncker, and especially of Van Staveren, who has collected almost every thing.) [W. R.J HYLAEUS ('TAatos), that is, the woodman, the name of an Arcadian centaur, who was slain by Atalante, when, in conjunction with Rhoetus, he pursued her. (ApoUod. iii. 9, § 2 ; Callim. Hymn. 171 Dian. 'Ill ; Aelian, V. H. xiii. 1.) According to Propertius (i. 1, 13) Hylaeus had also attacked and severely wounded Meilanion, the lover of Ata- lante. (Corap. Ov. Ars Am. ii. 191.) According to some legends, Hylaeus fell in the fight against the Lapithae, and others again said that he was one of the centaurs slain by Heracles. (Virg. Georg. ii. 457 ; Serv. ad Aen. viii. 294 ; comp. Horat. Carm. ii. 12, 5.) One of the dogs of Actaeon like- wise bore the name of Hylaeus. (Ov. Met. iii. 213.) [L. S.] HYLAS ("TAas), a son of Theiodamas, king of the Dry opes, by the nymph Menodice (Apollon. Rhod. i. 1213; Hygin. Fab. 14, 271 ; Propert. i. 20, 6 ) ; or, according to others, a son of Heracles, Euphemus, or Ceyx. (Schol. ad Tlieocrit. xiii. 7; Anton. Lib. 26.) He was the favourite of Hera- cles, who, after having killed his father, Theioda- mas, took him with him when he joined the expedition of the Argonauts. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 131; Orph. Argon. 221, &c.) When the Argonauts landed on the coast of Mysia, Ilylas went out to fetch water for Heracles ; but when he came to a well, his beauty excited the love of the Naiads, who drew him down into the water, and he was never seen again. (Comp. Val. Flacc. iii. 545; Orph. Argon. 637, &c. ; Theocrit. xiii. 45, &c.) Heracles himself endeavoured to trace him, and called out his name, but in vain ; and the voice of Hylas was heard from the bottom of the well only like a faint echo, whence some say that he was actually metamorphosed into an echo. While Heracles was engaged in seeking his favourite, the Argonauts sailed awaj', leaving He- racles and his companion, Polyphemus, behind. He threatened to ravage the country of the My- sians unless they would find out where Hylas was, either dead or alive. (Apollon. Rhod, i. 1344.) Hence, says the poet, the inhabitants of Cios (Prusa) still continue to seek for Hylas : namely, the inhabitants of Prusa celebrated an annual festival to the divine youth Hylas, and on that oc- casion the people of the neighbourhood roamed over the mountains calling out the name of Hylas. It was undoubtedly this riotous ceremony that gave rise to the story about Hylas. (Theocrit. xiii. 72; Strab. p. 564.) [L. S.] HYLAS, a famous pantomime, who acquired a great reputation at Rome in the time of Augus- tus. He was a disciple of Pylades, the greatest master in his art at the time ; but Hylas showed such talent and skill, that the Roman public could not decide which of the two was the greater. (Suot. Au(j. 45 ; Macrob. -Sa^. ii. 7.) [L. S.j HY'LATUS ("TAttTos), a surname of Apollo derived from the town of Hyle in Crete, which was sacred to him. (Lycophr. 448, with Tzetzos' note; Staph. Byz. «. v. "fK-q ; Eusttith. ad Horn. p. ^^^.) [L. S.] HYLE ("TAtj), a daughter of Thespieus, from whom the town of Hyle in Boeotia was believed to have derived its name. (Eustath. ad Horn. p. 267.) [L. S.J HYMEN. HYLEUS C'TAeu's), a hunter who was killed by the Calydonian boar : he must not be confounded with the centaur Hylaeus. (Apollod, i. 8. § 2 ; Ov. Met. viii. 312.) [L. S.] HYLLUS ("TAAos). 1. A son of Ge, from whom the river Hyllus in Lydia was believed to have derived its name. His gigantic bones were shown in Lydia at a very late period. (Pans. i. 35. in fin.) 2. A son of Heracles by Deianeira, or, according to others, by Melite or Omphale. (Apollon. Rhod. iv. 543, &c. ; comp. Heracleidae.) [L. S.] HY'MEAS ('T^eTjs), a son-in-law of Dareius Hystaspis, acted as a general of his against the revolted lonians, and was one of those who de- feated the rebels near Ephesus in B. c. 499. In the following year Hymeas took the town of Cius on the Propontis, and reduced the Aeolians and Gergithians, in the midst of which successes he was carried off by illness. (Herod, v. 102, 111, 116.) [E. E.] HYMKN or HYMEN AEUS i^t^-hv or 'T/xe vaios)., the god of marriage, was conceived as a hand- some youth, and invoked in the hymeneal or bridal song. The names originally designated the bridal song itself, which was subsequently personified. The first trace of this personification occurs in Eu- ripides {Troad. 31 1), or perhaps in Sappho {Frag-nu 73, p. 80, ed. Neue). The poetical origin of the god Hymen or Hymenaeus is also implied in the fact of his being described as the son of Apollo and a Muse, either Calliope, Urania, or Terpsichore. (CatuU. Ixi. 2 ; Nonn. Dionys. xxxiii. 67 ; Schol. Vatic, ad Eurip. Rlies. 895, ed. Dindorf ; Schol. ud Find. Pyth. iv. 313 ; Alciphron, i,>rf. i. 13; Tzetz. CIdl. xiii. 5^Q.) Hence he is mentioned along with the sons of the Muses, Linus and laltv mus, and with Orpheus. Others describe him only as the favourite of Apollo or Thamyris, and call him a son of Magnes and Calliope, or of Dionysus and Aphrodite. (Suid. s.v. Qoifivpis ; Anton. Lib. 23 ; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 127, ad Virg. Eclog. viii. 30.) The ancient traditions, instead of regarding the god as a personification of the hymeneal song, _ speak of him as originally a mortal, respecting ■ whom various legends were related. According to " an Argive tradition, Hymenaeus was a youth of Argos, who, while sailing along the coast of Attica, delivered a number of Attic maidens from the violence of some Pelasgian pirates, and was after- wards praised by them in their bridal songs, which were called, after him, hymeneal songs. (Eustath. odHom.^.Wol.) The Attic legends described him as a youth of such delicate beauty, that he might be taken for a girl. He fell in love with a maiden, who refused to listen to him ; but in the disguise of a girl he followed her to Eleusis to the festival of Demeter. He, together with the other girls, was carried otf by robbers into a distant and desolate country. On their landing, the robbers laid down to sleep, and were killed by Hymenaeus, who now returned to Athens, requesting the citi- zens to give him his beloved in marriage, if he re- stored to them the maidens who had been carried off by the robbers. His request was granted, and his marriage was extremely happy. For this reason he was invoked in the hymeneal songs. (Serv. ad Aen. i. 655, ad Virg. Eclog. viii. 30.) According to others he was a youth, and was killed by the breaking down of his house on his wedding-day whence he was afterwards invoked in bridal songs.