Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/507

Rh made important ccrrections in the text, and most or all the portions thus collected were reprinted by Fabriciua in his edition of the Works of Hippolytus of Portus, partly in the appendix to the 1st vol. and partly in the 2d vol. Basnage, in his edition of Canisius, made some farther additions, and the whole, with one or two additional fragments, were given in the Bihlioth. Patrum of Gallandius, vol. xiv. p. 106, &c.

Two short pieces, riepl roov l€' 'AttocttoXoji' and ITepl Twv o 'Airo(rT6u}u, which some have ascribed to Hippolytus of Portus (No. 1), the first of which had been published by Comb^fis in his Auctariuni Novum^ vol. ii. fol. Paris, and which are given by Fabricius a mong the " dubia ac supposititia," in his edition of Hippolytus, are also given by Gallandius as the productions of Hippolytus of Thebes : and Fabricius, in his Bibl, Gr. vol. vii. p. 200, considers them to be portions of his Chronicon. (Gallandius, Frolegom. to his 14th volume, p. v. ; Fabric, BihL Graec. vol. viii. p. 198 ; Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. p. dQ, ed. Oxford, 1740—1743.)

Some other Hippolyti enumerated by Fabricius {Bill. Gr. vol. vii. p. 197, &c.) are too unimportant to require notice here.

2em

 HIPPO'MEDON ('iTnrojueSwi'), a son of Aris- tomachus, or, according to Sophocles, of Talaus, was one of the Seven against Thebes, where he was slain during the siege by Hvperbius or Ismarus. (Aeschyl. Sept. 490; Soph. Oed. CoZ. 1318; Apol- lod. iii. 6. § 3.) [L. S.J ]

 HIPPO'MEDON ('iTnro/ie'Sa)!'), a Spartan, son of Agesilaus, the uncle of Agis IV. He must have been older than his cousin Agis, as he is said by Plutarch (^^s, 6) to have already distinguished himself on many occasions in war when the young king first began to engage in his constitutional reforms. Hippomedon entered warmly into the schemes of Agis, and was mainly instrumental in gaining over his father Agesilaus to their support. But the latter sought in fact only his own advan- tage, under the cloak of patriotism ; and during the absence of Agis, on his expedition to Corinth to support Aratus, he gave so much dissatisfaction by his administration at Sparta, that Leonidas was recalled by the opposite party, and Agesilaus was compelled to fly from the city. Hippomedon shared in the exile of his father, though he had not par- ticipated in his unpopularity. (Plut. Agis^ 6, 16.) At a subsequent period we find him mentioned as holding the office for Ptolemy, king of Egypt, of governor of the cities subject to that prince on the confines of Thrace. (Teles, ap. Stobaeum, F/or. vol. ii. p. 82. ed. Gaisf. ; comp. Niebuhr, Kl. Schrift. p. 461 ; Schom. Gesch. Grkch. p. 100.) We learn from Poly bins (iv. 35. § 13) that he was still living at the death of Cleomenes, in B. c. 220, when the crown would have devolved of right either to him or to one of his two grandchildren, the sons of Ar- chidamus V., who had married a daughter of Hip- pomedon ; but their claims were disregarded, and Lycurgus,a stranger to the royal family, was raised to the throne. [E. H. B.]

 HIPPO'MEDON ('iTTTroMe'Swi/), a Pythagorean philosopher, a native of Aegae. He belonged to the sect called the dKovcr/u-aTLKoi, founded bv Hip- pasus. (lamblich. Vit. Fyth. c. 18. § 87, 36. § 267.) [C. P. M.]

 HIPPO'MENES ('iTrTTo/ieVrjj), a son of Mega- rous of Onchestus, and a great grandson of Posei- don. (Ov. Met. X. 605.) Apollodorus (iii. 15. § ) calls the son of Hippomenes Megareus. (Comp. Atalante, No. 2.) [L. S.]

 HIPPO'MENES {'l-mrofi^v-ns). a descendant of Codrus, the fourth and last of the decennial ar- chons. Incensed at the barbarous punishment which he inflicted on his daughter and her para- mour, the Attic nobles rose against and deposed him, razing his house to the ground. The archon- ship after this was thrown open to the whole body of nobles. (Heracl. Pont, de Fol. i. ; Nicolaus Damasc. p. 42.) [C. P. M.]

 HIPPON ('iTTTrwv), tyrant of Messana at the time that Timoleon landed in Sicily. After the defeat of Mamercus of Catana (b. c. 338), that tyrant took refuge with Hippon; Timoleon followed him, and besieged Messana so vigorously both by sea and land, that Hippon, despairing of holding out, attempted to escape by sea, but was seized on board ship, and executed by the Messanians in the public theatre. (Plut. Timol. 34.) [E. H. B.]

 HIPPON ("iTTTTwt'), of Rhegium, a philosopher, whom Aristotle {Metaphys. i. 3) considers as be- longing to the Ionian school, but thinks unworthy to be reckoned among its members, on account of the poverty of his intellect. Fabricius {BiU. Graec. vol. ii. p. 658) considers him the same as Hippon of Metapontum, Avho is called a Pytha- gorean, while some assign Samos as his birthplace. He was accused of Atheism, and so got the sur- name of the Melian, as agreeing in sentiment with Diagoras. As his works have perished, we cannot judge of the truth of this accusation, which Brucker thinks may have arisen from his holding the theory (easily deducible from the views of Pythagoras) that the gods were great men, who had been in- vested with immortality by the admiration and traditions of the vulgar. He is said to have written an epitaph to be placed on his own tomb after his death, expressing his belief that he had become a divinity. Some of his philosophical principles are preserved by Sextus Empiricus, Simplicius, Clemens Alexandrinus, and others. He held water and fire to be the principles of all things, the latter springing from the former, and then developing itself by generating the universe. He considered nothing exempt from the necessity of ultimate de- struction. (Brucker, Hist. Grit. FUl. i. 1103; Brandis, Gesch. d. Phil. i. 121.) [G. E. L. C]

<section end="Hippon 2." /> <section begin="Hipponax" />HIPPO'NAX ('iTTTrw^al). 1. Of Ephesus, the son of Pytheus and Protis, was, after Archilochus and Simonides, the third of the classical Iambic poets of Greece. (Suid. s. v. ; Strabo, xiv. p. 642 ; Clem. Alex. Siroin. i. p. 308, d. ; Procl. Chrestom. ap. Phot. Cod. 239, p. 319, 29, ed. Bekker ; Solin. xl. 16.) He is ranked among the writers of the Ionic dialect. (Gram. Leid. ad calcem Gregor. Cor. p. 629 ; comp. Tzetz. Froleg. ad Lycoph. 690.) The exact date of Hipponax is not agreed upon, but it can be fixed within certain limits. The Parian marble (^ji). 43) makes him contemporary with the taking of Sardis by Cyrus (b.c. 546): Pliny (xxxvi. 5. s. 4. § 2) places him at the 60th Olympiad, b. c. 540 : Proclus (I. c.) says that he lived under Dareius (b. c. 521 — 485): Eusebius {Chron. 01. 23), following an error already pointt^d out by Plutarch {de Mus. 6, vol. ii. p. 1133, c. d.), made him a contemporary of Terpander ; and Di- philus, the comic poet, was guilty of (or rather he assumed as a poetic licence) the same anachronism in representing both Archilochus and Hipponax as the lovers of Sappho. (Atheu. xiii. p. 599, d.) <section end="Hipponax" />