Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/503

Rh Apologie des Hippocr. und seiner Grundsatze (Leipz. 1789, 1792, 2 vols. 8vo.), contains, among other matter, a Gennan translation of some of tlie genuine treatises, with a valuable commentary. The treatise by Ermerins, De Hippocr. Doctrina a Prognostice oriunda (Lugd. Bat. 1832, 4to,), de- serves to be carefully studied ; as also does Link's dissertation, Ueher die Theorien in den Hippocra- tisclien Schriften^ nebst Bemerkungen uber die Echt- I/eit dieser ScJinflen^ in the *'' Abhandlungen der Berlin. Akadem.*' 1814, 1815. Gruner's Censura Lil)rorum Hippocraieorum qua veri a fulsis^ intcgri a supj)ositis segreganiur, Vratislav. 1772, 8vo., con- tains a useful account of the amount of evidence in favour of each treatise of the collection, though his conclusions are not always to be depended on. See al«o Houdart, Etudes Histor. et Crit. sur la Vie et kc Doctrine d' Hippocr. Paris, 183G, 8vo.; Petersen, Hippocr. Nomine quae circuiiiferuntur Scripta ad Temporis Raiiones dispos. Hamburg, 1839, 4to. ; Meixner, Neue Prnfung der Eehtlieit und Reiliefolge S'dmmtlicher Schriften Hippocr.^ Miinchen, 1836, 1837, 8vo. [W. A. G.]  HIPPODAMEIA ('ImroSajuem). 1. A daughter of Oenoraaus. [Oenomacjs and Pelops.]

2. A daughter of Atrax, and wife of Peirithous. [Peirithous.]

3. The wife of Alcathous, and eldest daughter of Anchises, was the favourite of her parents. (Horn, //. xiii. 430, &c.)

4. The real name of Briseis (the daughter of Brises), the beloved slave of Achilles. She was originally married to Mynes, who was slain by Achilles at the taking of Lyrnesus. (Schol.a^i Horn. 11. i. 184; Hom. 11. ii. 689, xix. 291, &c. ; DictysCret. ii. 17.)

5. The wife of Amyntor, and mother of Phoenix. (Eust.arf Hom. p. 762 ; Horn. //. ix. 450.) [L.S,]  HIPPO'DAMAS ('iTTTroSa^uas). 1. The father otPerimela, the beloved of Achelous. [ Achelous.]

2. A son of Priam, was slain by Achilles. (Hom. //. XX. 400 ; Apollod. iii. 12 § 5.) [L. S.]  HIPPO'DAMUS ('l7nr(iSa^os: the etymological origin of the name is no doubt the same as that of the Homeric word t7nroSa;Uos, which so frequently occurs as an epithet, and once as a proper name, //. xi. 335 ; Aristophanes, however, Equit. 327, uses it with the a, as if it were a Doric form from linTos and hritxo'i', but this must be by way of some joke, for we cannot suppose such an absurd compound to have existed as a proper name.) Hippodamus was a most distinguished Greek architect, a native of Miletus, and the son of Euryphon or Eurycoon. His fame rests on his construction, not of single buildings, but of whole cities. His first great work was the town of Peiraeeus, which Themistocles had made a tolerably secure port for Athens, but which was first formed into a regularlj'-planned town by Hippodamus, under the auspices of Pericles. It has been clearly shown by Miiller (-4«i^a,in Ersch and Gruber's Encyclop'ddie, vol. vi. p. 222, and Dorier, vol. ii. p. 251, 2nd edit.) that this work must be referred to the age of Pericles, not to that of Themistocles. The change which Hippodamus introduced was the substitution of broad straight streets, crossing each other at right angles, for the crooked narrow streets, with angular crossings, Avhich had before prevailed throughout the greater j)iirt, if not the whole, of Greece. When the Athenians founded their colony of Thurii, on the site of the ancient Sybaris (b.c. 443), Hippodamus went out with the colonists, and was the architect of the new city. Hence he is often called a Thu- rian. He afterwards built Rhodes (b. c. 408-7). How he came to be connected with a Dorian state, and one so hostile to Athens, we do not know ; but much light would be thrown on tliis subject, and on the whole of the life of Hippodamus, if we could determine whether the scholiast on Aristo- phanes {Equit. 327) is right or wrong in identify- ing him with the father of the Athenian politician and opponent of Cleon, Archeptolemus. This ques- tion is admirably discussed by Hermann (see below), but no certain conclusion can be attained. We learn from Aristotle that Hippodamus devoted great attention to the political, as well as the archi- tectural ordering of cities, and that he wished to have the character of knowing all physical science. This circumstance, with a considerable degree of personal affectation, caused him to be ranked among the sophists, and it is very probable that much of the wit of Aristophanes, in his Birds, is aimed at Hippodamus. (Aristot. Polit. ii, 5, and Schneider's note ; Hesych. s. v. 'linroSdixov ve/j-eais ; Phot. s. v. 'linroddfJLov vefieais ; Harpocr. s. v. 'linroddfieia ; Diod. xii. 10; Strab. xiv. p. 654 ; C, F. Hermann, Disputatio de Hippodamo MiLesio^ Marburg. 1841, 4to.) [P. S.]  HIPPOLAITIS ('iTTTroAaiTis), a surname of Athena at Hippola in Laconia. (Paus. iii. 25. § 6.) [L. S.]  HIPPO'LOCHUS ('iTnro'Aoxos). 1. A son of Bellerophontes and Philonoe or Anticleia, and father of Glaucus, the Lycian prince. (Hom. //. vi. 197, 206 ; Apollod. ii. 3. § 2 ; Pind. 01. xiii. 82.)

2. A son of Antimachus, was slain by Aga- memnon. (Hom. //. xi. 145.) [L. S.]  HIPPO'LOCHUS {'ltrTr6oxos). 1. One of the thirty tyrants at Athens. (Xen. Hell. ii. 3. §2.)

2. A Thessalian, who commanded a body of horse in the service of Ptolemy Philopator, with which he deserted to Antiochus the Great, during the war in Syria, b. c. 218. He was immediately afterwards detached by Antiochus, together with Ceraeas, who had deserted about the same time, to defend the province of Samaria. He is again mentioned as commanding the Greek mercenaries in the service of Antiochus at the battle of Raphia, B.C.217. (Polyb. v. 70, 71, 79.)

3. A Thessalian, who was sent by the Larissae- ans, at the commencement of the war with Anti- ochus (b. c. 192), to occupy Pherae with a strong garrison, but, being unable to reach that place, he fell back upon Scotussa, where he and his troops were soon after compelled to surrender to Anti- ochus, but were dismissed in safety. (Liv. xxxvi. 9.)

4. An Aetolian, one of those sent prisoners to Rome, at the instigation of Lyciscus, as being dis- posed to favour the cause of Perseus, in preference to that of Rome. (Polyb. xxvii. 13.) [E. H. B.]  HIPPO'LOCHUS ('iTnrjAoxos). 1. The se- cond in descent from Aesculapius, the son of Poda- lirius and Syrne, and the father of Sostratus I., who may be supposed to have lived in the twelfth century B. c. (Jo. Tzetzes, Chil. vii. Hist. 155, in Fabr. Bill. Graec. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet.)

2. The sixteenth of the family of the Asclepiadae, the son of Elaphus, who lived probably in the fifth century b. c, and was one of the chief persons in <section end="Hippolochus 3." />