Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/457

Rh Θέτιδος, but all these poems seem to have been only portions of the Eoeae. (Athen. ii. p. 49; Plut. Sympos. viii. 8; Pans. ix. 31. §5; Schol. ad Hes. Theog. 142; comp. C. Ch. Heyler, Ueber Hesiods Schild des Hercules, Worms, 1787, 8vo.; F. Schlichtegroll, Ueber den Schild des Heracles nach Hesiod, Gotha, 1788, 8vo.; G. Hermann, Opusc. vi. 2, p. 204, &c.; Marckscheffel, De Catalogo et Eoeis Carminibus Hesiodeis, Vratislav. 1838, 8vo., and the same author's Hesiodi, Eumeli, Cinaethonis, &c'.', Fragmenta colleg. emend, dispos.'', Lips. 1840, 8vo.)

4. Αἰγίμιος, an epic poem, consisting of several books or rhapsodies on the story of Aegimius, the famous ancestral hero of the Dorians, and the mythical history of the Dorians in general. Some of the ancients attributed this poem to Cercops of Miletus. (Apollod. ii. 1, §3; Diog. Laërt. ii. 46.) The fragments of the Aegimius are collected in Göttling's edit. of Hesiod, p. 205, &c.

5. Μελαμποδία, an epic poem, consisting of at least three books. Some of the ancients denied that this was an Hesiodic poem. (Paus. ix. 31. §4.) It contained the stories about the seer Melampus, and was thus of a similar character to the poems which celebrated the glory of the heroic families of the Greeks. Some writers consider the Melampodia to have been only a portion of the Eoeae, but there is no evidence for it, and others regard it as identical with the ἔπη μαντικά, an Hesiodic work mentioned by Pausanias. (l. c.; comp. Athen. ii. p. 47, xi. p. 498, xiii. p. 609; Clem. Alex. Strom. vi. p. 751.) The fragments of the Melampodia are collected in Göttling's edit. of Hesiod, p. 228, &c.

6. Ἐξηγήσις ἐπὶ τέρασιν is mentioned as an Hesiodic work by Pausanias, and distinguished by him from another entitled ἔπη μαντικά; but it is not improbable that both were identical with, or portions of, an astronomical work ascribed to Hesiod, under the title of ἀστρικὴ βίβλος or ἀστρολογία. (Athen. xi. p. 491; Plut. de Pyth. Orac. 18; Plin. H. N. xviii. 25.) See the fragments in Göttling's edit, of Hesiod, p. 207.

7. Χείρωνος ὑποθῆκαι seems to have been an imitation of the Ἔργα. The few fragments still extant are given by Göttling, l. c. p. 230, &c.

Strabo (vii. p. 436) speaks of a γῆς Περίοδος as the work of Hesiod, but from another passage (vii. p. 434) we see that he means a compilation made by Eratosthenes from the works of Hesiod. Respecting a poem called Περὶ Ἰδαίων Δακτύλων, which was likewise ascribed to Hesiod, see Lobeck, Aglaoph. p. 1156.

The poems of Hesiod, especially the Theogony, were looked up to by the Greeks from very early times as a great authority in theological and philosophical matters, and philosophers of nearly every school attempted, by various modes of interpretation, to bring about a harmony between the statements of Hesiod and their own theories. The scholars of Alexandria and other cities, such as Zenodotus, Aristophanes, Aristarchus, Crates of Mallus, Apollonius Rhodius, Seleucus of Alexandria, Plutarch, and others, devoted themselves with great zeal to the criticism and explanation of the poems of Hesiod; but all their works on this poet are lost, with the exception of some isolated remarks contained in the scholia on Hesiod still extant. These scholia are the productions of a much later age, though their authors made use of the works of the earlier grammarians. The scholia of the Neo Platonist Proclus (though only in an abridged form), of Joannes Tzetzes, and Moschopulus, on the Ἔργα, and introductions on the life of Hesiod, are still extant; the scholia on the Theogony are a compilation from earlier and later commentators. The most complete edition of the scholia on Hesiod is that in the third volume of Gaisford's Poetae Graeci Minores.

The Greek text of the Hesiodic poems was first printed at Milan in 1493, fol., together with Isocrates and some of the idyls of Theocritus. The next edition is that in the collection of gnomic and bucolic poems published by Aldus Manutius, Venice, 1495. The first separate edition is that of Junta, Florence, 1515, and again 1540, 8vo. The first edition that contains the Greek scholia is that of Trincavellus, Venice, 1537, 4to., and more complete at Cologne, 1542, 8vo., and Frankfurt, 1591, 8vo. The most important among the subsequent editions are those of Dan. Heinsius (Amsterdam, 1667, 8vo., with lectiones Hesiodeae, and notes by Scaliger and Gujetus; it was reprinted by Leclerc in 1701, 8vo), of Th. Robinson (Oxford, 1737, 4to., reprinted at Leipzig 1746, 8vo.), of Ch. F. Loesner (Leipzig, 1778, 8vo., contains all that his predecessors had accumulated, together with some new remarks), of Th. Gaisford (in vol. i. of his Poet Gr. Min., where some new MSS. are collated), and of C. Göttling (Gotha and Erfurt, 1831, 8vo., 2d edit. 1843, with good critical and explanatory notes). The Ἔργα were edited also by Brunck in his Poetae Gnomici and other collections; the Theogony was edited separately by F. A. Wolf (Halle, 1783), and by D. J. van Lennep (Amsterdam, 1843, 8vo., with a very useful commentary). There are also two good editions of the Ἀσπίς, the one by C. Fr. Heinrich (Breslau, 1802, 8vo., with introduction, scholia, and commentary), and by C. F. Ranke (Quedlinburg, 1840, 8vo.).

 HE′SIONE (Ἡσιόνη),a daughter of Laomedon, and consequently a sister of Priam. When Troy was visited by a plague and a monster on account of Laomedon's breach of promise, Laomedon, in order to get rid of these calamities, chained Hesione to a rock, in accordance with the command of an oracle, where she was to be devoured by wild beasts. Heracles, on his return from the expedition against the Amazons, promised to save her, if Laomedon would give him the horses which he had received from Zeus as a compensation for Ganymedes. Laomedon again promised, but did not keep his word. (Hom. Il. v. 649, &c.; Diod. iv. 42; Apollod. iii. 12. §7.) Hesione was afterwards given as a slave to Telamon, by whom she became the mother of Teucrus. Priam sent Antenor to claim her back, and the refusal on the part of the Greeks is mentioned as one of the causes of the Trojan war. (Dares, Phryg. 4, &c.) According to Tzetzes (ad Lycoph. 467), Hesione, already in pregnancy by Telamon, fled from his ship to Miletus, where king Arion found her and her newly-born son, Trambelus, whom he brought up as his own child.

There are two other mythical personages of this name, one a daughter of Danaus, and by Zeus the mother of Orchomenus (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 230), and the other the wife of Nauplius, and the mother of Palamedes, Oeax, and Nausimedon. (Apollod. ii. 1. §5.)

 HESPE′RIDES (Ἑσπερίδες), the famous 