Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/444

Rh 430 HERODICUS. perished. Another epitome is extant in a MS. in the Bodleian library {Cod. Barocc. clxxix,), and an index of the subjects of the different books in Cod. Matrit. xxxvii. The treatise Ilepl TdvoiV^ pub- lished under the name of Arcadius, but which was compiled by a later grammarian, Theodosius of Byzantium, seems also to be an extract from the Ilpocrc^ia of Herodianus. 10. Ilepi ^ovripovs Ae^eus, on monosyllabic words, published by Din- dorf. (Grainmat. Graec. vol. i.) This is probably the only complete treatise of Herodianus that we possess. 1 1 . nepi Aixp6vwv, portions of which are extant in Bekker (Anecd. p. 1438), and Cra- mer {Anecd. Oooon. iii. p. 282, &c.). The names of a few other treatises are enumer- ated by Fabricius, but it is very likely that many of them were merely portions of greater works. The following fragments (either of distinct treatises or of different portions of his larger works) have also been preserved: — 1. Hepl twv dpiOfxcSu (in Gaza's Introd. Gramm. Venice, 1495, and in the glossaries attached to the Thesaurus of Stephanus). 2. YiapeK§oKai fxeyaKov 'Pt^fiaTos. 3. Ylapayuyal SuorKAfrw!/ "PTfjudrwi'. 4. Hepl 'EyKhivofieuwu Koi three are preserved in the Tliesaurus Cornucop. et Horti Adon. Venice, 14.96, and the last of them in Bekker's Anecdota, iii. p. 1142.) 5. ZT}Tovju.eva Kard, KXiaiv ttuvtos tSv rod A&yov Mepuv (in Cramer's Anecdota Oxon. iii. p. 246, &c.). 6. Uepl Uapaycoywv TeviKiuu dirb L.iaKiKrcou^ and Ilepl KAt(reft)y 'Ovoixdrwv (in Cramer's An. Oaon. iii. p. 228, &c. ). 7. Two fragments, ITepl Bapgo- pKTfxov Koi l,ooiKi(Tfx.ov (appended to Valckenaer's edition of Ammonius, and in the appendices of the Thesaurus of Stephanus. The latter of them also in Boissonade's Anecdota^ iii. p. 241). 8. A frag- ment, entitled simply 'E/c twu 'Hpwdiavov (in Bach- mann's Anecdota Graeca, ii. p. 402, and elsewhere). .9. ^iXhaipos (appended to Pierson's edition of Moeris, and also published separately at Leipzig, 1831). 10. riepl Sx'JM'^Ta'f (in Villoison's^ ?zecc^. Gr. ii. p. 87). 11. U-^pl rrjs Ae^ccos toSu St^x^j' (in Villoison, Anecd. vol. ii., and the appendix to Draco Stratonicensis, Leipzig, 1814). 12. Kauoves irepl ^vWa§wv 'EKTuaecos Koi 2,vaToXfjs SiaAafi- €a.vovTes (extant in a Parisian MS. according to Bast, Repertoire de Lit. anc. p. 415). 13. Ilepi AvdinroraKTUv kcu ^ Avdi/KOTaKTUv (in Bekker's Anecd. iii. p. 1086). 14. Ilepl *AKvpoKoyias (in Boissonade's Anecd. iii. 262, &c., and Cramer's Anecd. iii. p. 263, &c., where some other less im- portant fragments will be found). There are a few more fragments, not worth mentioning here. (Fa- bric. Bibl. Graec. vi. pp. 278, &c.) [C. P. M.] HERODIA'NUS, a general under the emperor Justinian. [Justinianus.] HERO'DICUS i^WpohiKos). 1. An historical writer, who lived in the time of Pericles, and was contemporary with Thrasymachus of Chalcedon and Polus of Agrigentum. (Aristot. RJiet. ii. 23, 29, and Schol ; Vossius, de Hist. Graec. p. 36, ed. Westennann.) 2. Of Babylon, whose epigram, attacking the grammarians of the school of Aristarchus, is quoted by Athenaeus (v. p. 222), and is included in the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 65 ; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. ii. p. 64.) From the sub- ject of this epigram it may be safely inferred that this Herodicus of Babylon was the same person as the grammarian Herodicus, whom Athenaeus (v. HERODOHUS. p. 219 c.) calls the Crateteian (o Kpa-nfrejos), and who is quoted by the Scholiast on Homer {11. xiii. 29, XX. 53) as differing from Aristarchus. (Comp. Athen. v. p. 192. b.) His time cannot be certainly fixed, but in all probability he was one of the im- mediate successors of Crates of Mallus, and one of the chief supporters of the critical school of Crates against the followers of Aristarchus. He wrote a work on comedy, entitled Kw^wSoty^uei'a, after the example of the Tpayu)8ovpt.eva of Asclepiades Tragi- lensis. (Athen. xiii. p. 586, a. p. 591, c. ; Harpo- crat. s. V. 'SivdnrTi; Schol. in Aristoph. Vesp. 1231, where the common reading 'Apfj.6Sios should be changed to 'HpoSiKos.) Athenaeus (viii. p. 340, e. ) also refers to his avfXfJLiKTa viTOfjLV^ij.aTa, and in another passage (v. p. 215, f.) to his books Upds t6v ^iXoauKparriv. (lonsius, de Script. Hist. Phil. ii. 1 3 ; Wolf, Froleg. p. cclxxvii. not. 65 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 515 ; Meineke, Hist. Crit. Com. Graec. pp. 13, 14 ; Jacobs, ^w^A. Graec. vol. xiii. p. 903 ; Vossius, de Hist. Graec. pp. 182, 183, ed, Westermann.) [P. S.] HERO'DICUS ('HpcJSf/cos), a physician of Sely- bria or Selymbria in Thrace, who lived in the fifth century b. c. He was one of the tutors of Hippo- crates (Suid. s.'v. 'iTnroKpdrTis ; Sorani Vita Hip- pocr, ; Jo. Tzetz. Chil. vii. Hist. 155. ap. Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xii. p. 681, ed. vet.). He is men- tioned, together with Iccus of Tarentura, as being one of the first persons who applied gymnastics to the treatment of disease and the preservation of health. (Plat. Protag. $ 20. p. 316 ; Lucian, Qnomodo Histor. sit conscrib. § 35.) He was not only a physician, but also a TratSorpigrjs, or gym- nastic-master (Plat. De Rep. iii. p. 406), and a sophist (Id. Protag. I. c), and was induced to study gymnastics in a medical point of view, from having himself been benefited by them. From a passage in Plato {Phaedr. init., et Schol.), it has been supposed that he used to order his patients to walk from Athens to Megara, and to return as soon as they had reached the walls of the latter town. The distance, however, which would be more than seventy miles, renders this quite im- possible ; nor do the words of Plato necessarily imply that he ever gave any such directions. A passage also in the sixth book of Hippocrates, De Morbis Vulgaribus (vi. 3, vol. iii. p. 599), has been quoted as confirming Plato's words, and accusing Herodicus of killing his patients by walking, &c. ; but the reading in this place is uncertain, and M. Littr6 considers that we should probably read ITpo- SiKos, and not 'Hp68iKos {Oeuvres d'Hippocr. vol. i. p. 51). It should, however, be added, that Galen, in his commentary on the above passage (iii. 31, vol. xvii. pt. ii. p. 99), though he reads Tlp68i.KQS, considers him to be the same person who is mentioned by Plato ; and Pliny, when he speaks of Prodictis {H. N. xxix. 2), is probably alluding to him also. He is mentioned by several other ancient authors ; as Plutarch (De Sera Num. Vind. c. 9.), Aristotle {De Rhet. i. 5. § 10), Eus- tathius {ad II. i. p. 763, 16), Caelius Aurelianus {De Morh. Chron. v. 1), and in Cramer's Anecd. Graec. Paris, vol. iii. [W. A. G.] HERODO'RUS ('HprfSwpos). I. A native of Heracleia, in Pontus (hence called sometimes o TlovTiKos, sometimes o 'Hpa/cAecoxTjs), who appeara to have lived about the time of Hecataeus of Mi- letus and Pherecydes, in the latter part of the sixth century B. c. His son Bryson, the sophist,
 * EyKiTiK£u Kot liVViyKKiTiK&v Moploov. (These