Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/381

Rh HEGESANDRIDAS. consisted of at least six books (see A then, iv, p. 162, a), and seems to have been of a somewhat discursive character, he wrote a work on statues (^vofj-vTiixa avZpiAvTwv koX dyaXfidTuv). The period at which he flourished is not known, but he cannot have been more ancient than the reign of Antigonus Gonatas, which is mentioned by him (Athen. ix. p. 400, d.), and which extended from 283 to 239 B. c. (Athen. i. pp. 18, a. 19, d. ii. pp. 44, c. 51, f. iii. pp. 83, a. 87, b. 107, e. 108, a. iv. pp. 132, c. 167, e. 174, a. v. p. 210, b. vi. pp. 229, a. 248, e. 249, e. 250, e. 260, b. vii. pp. 289, f. 325, c. viii. pp. 334, e. 337, f. 343, e. 344, a. 365, d. X. pp. 419, d. 431, d. 432, b. 444 d. xi. pp. 477, e. 479, d. 507, a. xii. p. 544, c, d. xiii. pp. 564, a. 572, d. 592, b. xiv. pp. 621, a. 652, f. 656, c. ; Suid. s. v. 'AKvoulSes riixepai.) [E. E.] HEGESANDER, sculptor. [Agesander.] HEGESANDER [Hegksandridas]. HEGESA'NDRIDAS, or AGESA'NDRIDAS ('Hyr}<TavSy'LSas, Xen. ; 'A7i7(raj'SpiSas, Thuc), son of an Hegesander or Agesander, perhaps the same who is mentioned (Thuc. i. 139) as a member of the last Spartan embassy sent to Athens before the Peloponnesian war, was himself, in its twenty- first year, b. c. 411, placed in command of a fleet of two and forty ships destined to further a revolt in Euboea. News of their being seen off Las of Laconia came to Athens at the time when the 400 were building their fort of Eetionia commanding Peiraeeus, and the coincidence was used by Thera- menes in evidence of their treasonable intentions. Further intelligence that the same fleet had sailed over from Mogara to Salamis coincided again with the riot in Peiraeeus, and was held to be certain proof of the allegation of Theramenes. Thucydides thinks it possible that the movement was really made in concert with the Athenian oligarchs, but far more probable that Hegesandridas was merely prompted by an indefinite hope of profiting by the existing dissensions. His ulterior design was soon seen to be Euboea ; the fleet doubled Sunium, and finally came to harbour at Oropus, The greatest alarm was excited ; a fleet was hastily manned, which, with the gallies already at the port, amounted to thirty- six. But the new crews had never rowed together ; a stratagem of the Eretrians kept the soldiers at a distance, at the very moment when, in obedience to a signal from the town, the Spartan admiral moved to attack. He obtained an easy victory : the Athenians lost two and twenty ships, and all Eu- boea, except Oreus, revolted. Extreme conster- nation seized the city ; greater, says the sober his- torian, than had been caused lay the very Sicilian disaster itself. Athens, he adds, had now once again to thank their enemy's tardiness. Had the victors attacked Peiraeeus, either the city would have fallen a victim to its distractions, or by the recal of the fleet from Asia, every thing except Attica been placed in their hands. (Thuc. viii. 91, 94 — 96.) Hegesandridas was content with his previous success ; and had soon to weaken himself to reinforce the Hellespontine fleet under Mindarus, after the defeat of Cynos-sema. Fifty ships (partly Euboean) were despatched, and were, one and all, lost in a storm off Athos. So relates Ephorus in Diodorus (xii. 41 ). On the news of this disaster, Hegesandridas appears to have sailed with what ships he could gather to the Hellespont. Here, at any rate,* we find hira at the opening of Xeno- phon's Hellenics ; and here he defeated a small HEGESIAS. 367 squadron recently come from Athens under Thyma- chares, his opponent at Eretria. (Xen. Hell. i. 1. $ 1.) He is mentioned once again (lb. i. 3. §17) as commander on the Thracian coast, B. c. 408. [A. H. C] HEGESARA'TUS, was descended from an an- cient and noble family of Larissa in Thessaly, and was leader of the Pompeian party in that city during the civil war in e. c. 48. He had been greatly befriended by Cicero while consul, and proved himself grateful to his benefactor, who strongly recommends Hegesaratus to Ser. Sulpicius, proconsul of Achaia in that year. (Cic. ad Fam. xiii. 25 ; Caes. B. C. iii. 35.) [W. B. D.] HEGESI'ANAX {'}i'yn(Tia.val one of the en- voys of Antiochus the Great, in B. c. 196, to the ten Roman commissioners, whom the senate had sent to settle the affairs of Greece after the con- quest of Philip V. by Flarnininus (Polyb. xviii. 30, 33 ; comp. Liv. xxxiii. 38, 39 ; App. Syr. 2, 3.) In B.C. 193 he was sent by Antiochus as one of his ambassadors to Rome ; the negotiation, how- ever, came to nothing, as the Romans required that Antiochus should withdraw his forces from all places in Europe, — a demand to which Hogesianax and his colleagues could not assent. (Liv. xxxiv. 57—59 ; Appian, Syr. 6.) [E. E.] HEGESI'ANAX {^nyritndva^;), an historian of Alexandria, is said by Athenaeus to have been the real author of the work called Troica, which went under the name of Cephalon, or Cephalion (Athen. ix. p. 393 ; comp. Strab. xiii. p. 594.) Plu- tarch also {Par. Min. 23) mentions an historian of the name of Hegesianax or Hesianax, and refers to the third book of a work of his, called Libyca ; and again there was a poet, named Agesianax, of whom Plutarch {de Fac. in Orb. Lun. 2, 3) has preserved some verses of much merit, descriptive of the moon. Vossius thinks it doubtful whether these two should be identified with one another, or either or both of them with the Alexandrian. Lastly, Stephanos of Byzantium (s. v. T^mas) makes mention of Hegesianax of Troas, a gram- marian, and the author of a treatise on the style of Democritus, and of another on poetic expressions ; and Vossius supposes him to have been the same with the author of the Troica., who may have been a citizen, though not a native of Alexandria. This conjecture appears to be borne out by the language of Athenaeus (iv. p. 155, b. 'iiyncTidvaKTa t6v 'AXe^avSpea diro TpwaSos), from whom we also learn that the Hegesianax in question was con- temporary with Antiochus the Great, and stood high in favour at his court. In this case, is there any reason against our identifying him with the historical person mentioned above ? In another passage (iii. p. 80, d.), Athenaeus tells us, on the authority of Demetrius of Scepsis, that Hegesianax being at first a poor man, followed the profession of an actor, and for eighteen years abstained from figs lest he should spoil his voice. (Comp. Voss. de Hist. Graec. p. 447, ed. Westermann.) [E. E.] HEGE'SIAS {'Ey-nalas). 1. A native of Mag- nesia, who addicted himself to rhetoric and history. There is some reason for supposing that he wrote not later than Timaeus of Tauromenium, and lived about the time of Ptolemaeus Lagi, in the early part of the third century B. c. Strabo (xiv. p. 648) speaks of him as the founder of that degenerate style of composition which bore the name of the Asiatic, though he professed to be an imitator of