Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/329

Rh GRYNEUS. Latin, Lips. 1604, 4to. 2. The Paris edition, in Greek and Latin, which also contains the works of Macarius and Basil of Seleuceia, 1622, fol. 3. In Gallandii Biblioth, Patrum, Paris, 1788, folio. There are several editions of his separate works. (Gregorius Nyssen. Vit. S. Greg. Thaum. ; Suid. s. V. ; the ancient ecclesiastical historians ; Lard- ner's Credihiiily ; Cave. Hist. Lit. sub. ann. 254 ; Fabric. Bill. Grace, vol. vii. p. 249 ; Schrbckh, Christliche Kircliengeschichte^ vol. iv. p. 351 ; Hoff- mann, Lew. Bibl. Script. Graec.) [P. S.] GREGO'RIUS (TpTiyopios), a veterinary sur- geon, who may perhaps have lived in the fourth or fifth century after Christ. Some fragments, which are all that remains of his writings, are to be found in the collection of writers on veterinary surgery, first published in Latin by John Ruellius, Paris, 1530, fol., and in Greek by Simon Grynaeus, Basil. 1537, 4to. [W. A. G.] GROSPHUS, POMPEIUS, a Sicilian of great wealth, to whom Horace addressed the ode " Otium divos," &c., in which the poet gently reprehends a too great desire for wealth in Grosphus. (Carm. ii. 16.) In an epistle to Iccius, the factor or bailiff of M. Agrippa in Sicily, Horace commends Gros- phus to Iccius as a man whose requests might be sjifely granted, since he would never ask any thing dishonorable. The turn of Horace's character of Grosphus resembles Pope's praise of Cornbury, — " Disdain whatever Cornbury disdains." (Hor. Ep. i. 12, 22.) [W. B. D.] GRY'LLION {Tpvi(av an artist, who is mentioned, as then living, in Aristotle's will (Diog. Laert. v. 15). The passage seems to imply that he was a statuary, but Sillig calls him a painter. {Catal. Artif. s.v. comp. Visconti, Iconographie Grecqtie^ vol. i. p. 185 ; R. Rochette, Lettres Ar- cheolog. vol. 1. p. 164, Leitre a M. Schorn, p. 75.) [P. S.] GRYLLUS {TpiWosX the elder son of Xe- iiophon. When the war, which broke out between Elis and Arcadia, in b. c. 365, on the subject of the Triphylian towns, had rendered a residence at Scillus no longer safe, Gryllus and his brother Dio- dorus were sent by Xenophon to Lepreum for security. Here he himself soon after joined them, andwent with them to Corinth. [Xenophon.] Both the young men served with the Athenian cavalry at the battle of Mantineia, in B. c. 362, where Gryllus was slain fighting bravely. It was he, ac- cording to the account of the Athenians and The- bans, who gave Epaminondas his mortal wound, and he was represented in the act of inflicting it in a picture of the battle by Euphranor in the Cerameicus. The Mantineians also, though they ascribed the death of Epaminondas to Machaerion, yet honoured Gryllus with a public funeral and an equestrian statue, and reverenced his memory, as the bravest of all who fought on their side at Man- tineia. According to Diogenes Laertius, he was celebrated after his death in numberless epigrams and panegyrics. (Diog. Laert. ii. 52 — 55 ; Xen. Hell. vii. 4. § 12, Anab. v. 3. § 10, Ep. ad Sot.; Diod. XV. 77 ; Ael. V. H. iii. 3 ; Plut. Ages. 35 ; Puus. i. 3, viii. 9, 11, ix. 15.) [E. E.] GRYNE, an Amazon, from whom the Gryneian grove in Asia Minor was believed to have derived its name, for it was said that Apollo had there embraced her. (Serv. ad Aen. iv. 345.) [L. S.] GRYNE'US {VpvviLQs), a surname of Apollo, GULUSSA. 315 under which he had a temple, an ancient oracle, and a beautiful grove near the town of Grynion, Gryna, or Grynus in Aeolis in Asia Minor. (Paus. i. 21. § 9 ; Serv. ad Virg. Eclog. vi. 72 ; Athen. iv. p. 149 ; Steph. Byz. s.v. Tpivoi.) Under the similar, if not the same name, Tpvv^is, Apollo was worshipped in the Hecatonnesi. (Strab. xiii. p. 618.) Ovid {Met. xiL 260) mentions a centaur of the name of Gryneus. [L. S.] GRYNUS, a son of the Mysian Eurypylus, who after his father's death invited Pergamus, the son of Neoptolemus and Andromache, to assist him against his enemies. After he had gained a vic- tory over them, he built, in commemoration of it, two towns, Pergamus and Grynus. (Serv. ad Virg. Eclog. vi. 72 ; comp. Gryneus.) [L. S.] GRYPS or GRYPHUS (Jpi^ a griffin, a fabulous, bird-like species of animals, dwelling in the Rhipaean mountains, between the Hyperbo- reans and the one-eyed Arimaspians, and guarding the gold of the north. The Arismaspians mounted on horseback, and attempted to steal the gold, and hence arose the hostility between the horse and the griffin. The body of the griffin was that of a lion, while the head and wings were those of an eagle. This monstrous conception suggests that the origin of the belief in griffins must be looked for in the east, where it seems to have been very ancient. (Herod, iii. 116, iv. 13, 27 ; Paus. i. 24. § 6. viii. 2, § 3 ; Aelian, //. A. iv. 27 ; Plin. //. N. vii. 2, X. 70.) Hesiod seems to be the first writer that mentioned them, and in the poem " Arimaspae " of Aristeas they must have played a prominent part. (Schol. ad Aeschyl. From. 793.) At a later period they are mentioned among the fabulous animals which guarded the gold of India. (Philostr. Vit. Apollon. iii. 48.) The figures of griffins were frequently employed as ornaments in works of art ; the earliest instance of which we have any record is the bronze patera, which the Samians ordered to be made about B. c. 640. (Herod, iv. 152 ; comp. 79.) They were also represented on the helmet of the statue of Athena by Phidias. (Paus. I. c.) [L. S.] GULUSSA {VoX6(T<T'ns^ FoXoo-o-^s), a Numidian, was the second son of Masinissa, and brother to Micipsa and Mastanabal. In B.C. 172 he was sent by his father to Rome, and answered the Car- thaginian ambassador's complaints of Masinissa, and his encroachments. The defence must have seemed unsatisfactory enough, had not the Roman senate been indisposed to scrutinise it strictly. In the next year we find him again at Rome, stating to the senate what forces Masinissa was ready to furnish for the war with Macedonia, and warning them against the alleged perfidy of the Carthagini- ans, who were preparing, he said, a large fleet, os- tensibly to aid the Romans, but with the intention of using it on the side to which their own interest should seem to point. Again we hear of his being sent by his father to Carthage, to require the res- toration of those who had been exiled for attach- ment to his cause. On the death of Masinissa, in B.C. 149, Scipio portioned his royal prerogatives among his sons, assigning to Gulussa, whom Ap- pian mentions as a skilful general, the decision of peace and war. In the third Punic war, which broke out in the same year, Gulussa joined the Romans, and appears to have done them good service. In b. c. 1 48 he was present at the siege of Carthage, and acted as mediator, though unsuc-