Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/154

Rh 140 FAUSTA. p. 10, &c. Brunsvig. 1832), that the oration on Corinth, commonly printed among those of Dion Chrysostomus, is the work of Favorinus. The following are the titles of the principal works ascribed to him : I. Uepl Trjs KaTaXrjnriKijs ^av- raxrias, probably consisting of three books, which were dedicated respectively to Hadrian, Dryson, and Aristarchus. (Galen, vol. i. p. 6.) 2. 'AA/ct- ftciSrjs. (Galen, iv. p. 367.) 3. A work addressed to Epictetus, which called forth a reply from Galen (iv. p. 367). 4. A work on Socrates, which was likewise attacked by Galen (iv. p. 368). 5. IIAoJ- rapxos ^ irepl rrjs *AKaSr}/j.iKrjs Aiadea-ecos. (Galen, i. p. 6.) 6. Uepl UKaTwvos. (Suidas.) 7- Uepl Tris''Ofi'npov ^LXo(ro^ias. (Suidas.) 8. Uv^pwveiot TpSiroi, in ten books, seems to have been his princi- pal work. (Philostr. Vit. Soph. i. 8. § 4 ; Gell. xi. 5.) Favorinus in this work showed that the philosophy of Pyrrhon was useful to those who de- voted themselves to pleading in the courts of jus- tice. 9. UavTo^aTTTj 'laTopia, consisting of at least eight books, probably contained historical, geogra- phical, and other kinds of information. (Diog. Laert. iii. 24, viii. 12, 47.) 10. 'ATrofiuTj/xopev- /xora, of which the third book is quoted. (Diog. Laert. iii. 40.) 11. rrfajjioAoyiKd. Philostratus (comp. Gell. xvii. 12) mentions several orations, but we have no means of judging of their merit. Besides the two principal sources, Philostratus and Suidas, see J. F. Gregor, Commentatio de Favorino, Laub. 1755, 4to ; Forsmann, Dissertatio de Favo- rino, Abo, 1789, 4to. 2. A follower of Aristotle and the peripatetic school, who is mentioned only by Plutarch {Sym- pos. vii. 10). He is otherwise unknown, but must at all events be distinguished from Favorinus, the friend of Herodes Atticus. [L. S.] FAUSTA. Some very rare coins in third brass are extant bearing upon the obverse a female head, with the words Fausta N. F. ; on the reverse a star within a wreath of laurel, and beiow the letters TSA. Who this Nobilissima Femina may have been is quite unknown. Some have imagined that she was the first wife of Constantius ; but this and every other hypothesis hitherto proposed rests upon pure conjecture. Numismatoligists seem to agree that the medal in question belongs to the age of Constantine, and it bears the clearest resemblance to that struck in honour of the Helena supposed to have been married to Crispus [Helena]. (Eckhel, vol. viii. p. 118.) In 1823, the coin figured below was dug up near Douai. It differs in its details from that described by Eckhel, but evidently be- longs to the same personage. [W. R.] FAUSTA, CORNE'LIA, a daughter of the dictator L. Cornelius Sulla by his fourth wife, Caecilia Metella, and twin sister of Faustus Cor- nelius Sulla, was bom not long before b. c. 88, the year in which Sulla obtained his first consulship ; and she and her brother received the names of Fausta and Faustus respectively, on account of the good fortune of their father. Fausta was first married to C Memmius, and probably at a very early age, as her son, C. Memmius, was one of the FAUSTINA. nobles who supplicated the judges on behalf of Scaunis in b. c. 54. After being divorced by her first husband, she married, towards the latter end of B. c. 55, T. Annius Milo, and accompanied him on his journey to Lanuvium, when Clodius was murdered, B.C. 52. (Plut. Sull. 34; Cic. ad Att. V. 8 ; Ascon. in Scaur, p. 29, in Milan, p. 33, ed. Orelli.) Fausta was infamous for her adulteries, and the historian Sallust is said to have been one of her paramours, and to have received a severe flogging from Milo, when he was detected on one occasion in the house of the latter in the disguise of a slave. (Gell. xvii. 18; ^evy. ad Virg. Aen.y.Q%) The " Villius in Fausta Sullae gener" (Hor. Sat. i. 2. 64), who was another of her favourites, was pro- bably the Sex. Villius who is mentioned by Cicero {ad Fam. ii. 6.) as a friend of Milo ; and the names of two more of her gallants are handed down by Macrobius (Saturn, ii. 2) in a ban mot of her brother Faustus. FAUSTA, FLA'VIA MAXIMIA'NA, the daughter of Maximianus Herculius and Eutropia, was married in a. d. 307 to Constantine the Great, to whom she bore Constantinus, Constantius, and Constans. She acquired great influence with her husband in consequence of having saved his life by revealing the treacherous schemes of her father, who, driven to despair by his failure, soon after died at Tarsus. But although, on this occasion at least, she appeared in the light of a devoted wife, she at the same time played the part of a most cruel stepmother, for, in consequence of her jealous ma- chinations, Constantine was induced to put his son Crispus to death. When, however, the truth was brought to light by Helena, who grieved deeply for her grandchild, Fausta was shut up in a bath heated far above the common temperature, and was thus suffocated, probably in A. D. 326. Zosimus seems inclined to throw the whole blame in both instances on Constantine, whom he accuses as the hypocritical perpetrator of a double murder, while others assign the promiscuous profligacy of the em- press as the true origin of her destruction, but in reality the time, the causes, and the manner of her death are involved in great obscurity in consequence of the vague and contradictory representations of our historical authorities. (Constantinus, p. 835 ; Crispus, p. 892 ; Zosim. ii. 10, 29 ; Julian, Orat. i ; Auctor, de Mori, persec. 27 ; Eutrop. x. 2, 4 ; Victor. Epit. 40, 41 ; Philostorg. H. E. ii. 4 ; Tillemont, Histoire des Empereurs^ vol. iv. art. Ixii, p. 224, and Notes sur Constantin, xvii ; Eckhel, vol. viii. p. 98.) [W. R.] COIN OF FLAVIA MAXIMIANA FAUSTA. FAUSTI'NA. I. Annia Galeria Faustina, commonly distinguished as Faustina Senior, whose descent is given in the genealogical table prefixed to the life of M. Aurelius, married Antoninus Pius, while he was yet in a private station, and, when he became emperor, in a. d. 1 38, received the title of Aucfusta. She did not, however, long enjoy