Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/139

Rh EUTOLMIUS. ty J. Tollius, in his Iter Ttalicum^ Traject. ad Rhen. 1696, 4to., pp. 106—125. 3. A Commentary on nil the Psalms of David, and on the ten Cantica. The Greek original has not yet been printed ; but a Latin translation by Philip Saulus first appeared at Verona, 1560, foL, and has often been reprinted. 4. A commentary on the four Gospels, is a compi- lation frrtm St. Chrj'sostom and others of the early fathers. The Greek original has never been printed, but there is a very good Latin translation by J. Hentenius, Louvain, 1544, fol, reprinted at Paris, 1547, 1560, and 1602, 8vo. The work is consi- dered one of great value, both in style and matter, and lias often been made great use of by modern divines. (Fabric. Dibl. Graec. vol. viii. p. 328, &c.; Cave, Hisl. Lit. vol. i. p. 646, &c.) There are a great many other persons of the name of Euth}'^- mius, respecting whom see Fabric. DM. Graec. vol, viii. p. 345, &c. [L. S.] EUTHY'MUS {Evev^los), a hero of Locri in Italy, was a son of Astycles or of the river-god Caecinus, He was famous for his strength and skill in boxing, and delivered the town of Temessa from the evil spirit Polites, to whom a fair maiden was sacrificed every year. Euthymus himself disappeared at an advanced age in the river Cae- cinus. (Strab. vi. p. 255 ; Aelian, V.H. viii. 18 ; Eiistath. ad Horn. p. 1409.) He gained several victories at Olympia (01. 74, 76, and 77) ; and a statue of his at Olympia was the work of Pvtlia- goras. (Pans. vi. 6. § 2, 10. § 2.) [L. S.] EUTO'CIUS {Y.vt6kios) of Ascalon, the com- mentator on Apollonins of Pesga and on Archi- medes, must have lived about a. d. 560. At the end of some of his commentaries on Archimedes he says he used " the edition recognised by Isidore of Miletus, the mechanic, our master.'^'' This Isi- dore was one of Justinian's architects, who built the church of St. Sophia. The Greek originals of the following works of Eutocius are preserved : Commentaricis on the first four books of' tlie Conies of Jpollonius ; on the Sphere ajid Cylinder, on the Quadrature of tlie Circle., and on the Tioo Books on Equilibrium of Ar,ihimedes. These have been printed in the Greek edition of Apollonius, and in the two Greek editions of Archimedes ; and Latin versions have been given with several of the versions of these two writers, sometimes complete, sometimes in part. There has been no separate print of Eutocius. These commentaries Avere of ordinary value, as long as geometrical help in understanding the text was required. Torelli wishes that Eutocius had applied himself to all the writings of Archimedes. But they have a merit Avhich will preserve them, independently of their mathematical value ; they contain incidentally so much information on the lost writings of Greek geometers, and on the methods of Greek arithme- tic, that they are integrant parts of the history of Greek learning. Torelli found them frequently give, by way of citation, a more satisfactory text of Archimedes than that of the remaining manu- scripts, which he attributes to the goodness of Isidore's edition : " haec causa fuit, cur Archime- dem in Eutocii domo conquirerem ubi melius quandoque quam in propria habitabat." (Torelli Fref. in Ar chimed.; Fabric. Bibl. Grae.c. vol. iv. p. 203.) [A. De M.] EUTOLMIUS (EuToA/U'os), the author of four epigrams in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, Anal. fol. iii. p. 8 ^ Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. ii. p. 229), EUTROPIA. 125 of whom nothing more is known, except what may be inferred from his titles of Scholasticus and Illustris, respecting the meaning of the latter of which see Du Cange, Gloss. Med. et Inf. Lat. s. v. Illustris; Gloss. Med.ei Inf. Graec. p. 513. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. p. 895). [P. S.] EUTO'LMIUS, a patronus causanim at Con- stantinople, who was one of the commission of Sixteen, headed by Tribonian, who were emploj'ed by Justinian (a. d. 530-33) to compile the Digest. (Const. Tanta, § 9.) [J. T. G.] EUTRA'PELUS, P. VOLU'MNIUS, a Ro- man knight, obtained the surname of Eutrapelus (EuTpaTreAos) on account of his liveliness and wit (See respecting this word Aristot. Rhet. ii. 12.) Two of Cicero's letters are addressed to him {ad Fam. vii. 32, 33) ; and in a letter to Paetus, b. c. 46 {ad Fam. ix. 26), Cicero gives an amusing ac- count of a dinner-party at the house of Eutrapelus, at which he was present. Euti-apelus was an intimate friend of Antony, and a companion of his pleasures and debauches. (Cic. Philipp. xiii. 2.) The fair Cytheris, the mis- tress of Antony, was originally the freedworaan and mistress of Volumnius Eutrapelus, whence we find her called Volumnia, and was surrendered to Antony by his friend. (Cic. ad Fam. ix. 26, Phi- lipp. ii. 24.) After Caesar's death, Eutrapelus, in consequence of his connexion with Antony, became a person of considerable" importance ; and we find that Cicero availed himself of his influence in order to get a letter presented to Antony, in which he begged for a libera legatio. {Ad Att. xv. 8.) On the defeat of Antony before Mutina in B. c. 43, Eutrapelus, in common with Antony's other friends, was exposed to great danger, but was protected and assisted by Atticus. The latter soon had an opportunity of returning this favour ; for, on An- tony's return into Italy, Eutrapelus, who was praefectus fabrum in his army, protected Atticus, who feared for his own safety on account of his connexion with Cicero and Brutus. Eutrapelus further erased from the list of proscriptions, at the intercession of Atticus, the name of the poet L. Julius Calidus, which he had inserted himself. (Nepos, Att. 9, 10, 12.) Eutrapelus is mentioned by Horace. {Epist. i. 18. 31.) El-TRESITES {Evrp-na-ir-ns), a surname of Apollo, derived from Eutresis, a place between Plataeae and Thespiae, where he had an ancient oracle. (Steph. Byz. s.v. EvTp7j<Tis ; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 268.) [L. S.] EUTRO'PIA. 1. A native of Syria, became, by her first husband, whose name is unknown, the mother of Flavia Maximiana Theodora, who was married to Constantius Chlorus upon the recon- struction of the empire under Diocletian. Eutropia was at that time the wife of Maximianus Hercu- lius, to whom she bore Maxentius and Fausta, afterwards united to Constantine the Great. Upon the conversion of her son-in-law, Eutropia also era- braced Christianity, and repaired to Palestine. In consequence of her representations, the emperor took measures for abolishing the superstitious ob- servances which had for ages prevailed at the oak of Mamre, so celebrated as the abode of Abraham, and caused a church to be erected on the spot. A medal published on the authority of Goltzius alone, with the legend Gal. Val. Eutrop., is considered as unquestionably spurious. (Aurel. Vict. Epit. xl. ; Euseb. H. E. iii. 52 ; Tillemont^