Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/124

Rh no EURYLEON. to fight against the mother of Alexander, and went over to her side. Eurydice fled from the field of battle to Amphipolis, but was seized and made prisoner. She was at first confined, together with her husband, in a narrow dungeon, and scantily supplied with food ; but soon Olympias, becoming alarmed at the compassion excited among the Macedonians, determined to get rid of her rival, and sent the young queen in her prison a sword, a rope, and a cup of hemlock, with orders to choose her mode of death. The spirit of Eurydice re- mained unbroken to the last ; she still breathed defiance to Olympias, and prayed that she might soon be requited with the like gifts ; then, having paid as well as she could the last duties to her husband, she put an end to her own life by hang- ing, without giving way to a tear or word of lamentation. (Diod. xix. 11; Justin, xiv. 5; Athen. xiii. p. 560, f. ; Aelian, V. H. xiii. 36.) Her body was afterwards removed by Cassander, and interred, together with that of her husband, with royal pomp at Aegae. (Diod. xix. 52 ; Athen. iv. p. 155, a.) 4. Daughter of Antipater, and wife of Ptolemy, the son of Lagus. The period of her marriage is not mentioned by any ancient writer, but it is pro- bable that it took place shortly after the partition of Triparadeisus, and the appointment of Antipater to the regency, B. c. 321. (See Droysen, Gesch. d. Nachfolger^ p. 154.) She was the mother of three sons, viz. Ptolemy Ceraunus, Meleager, who suc- ceeded his brother on the throne of Macedonia, and a third (whose name is not mentioned), put to death by Ptolemy Philadelphus (Paus. i. 7. § 1) ; and of two daughters, Ptolemais, afterwards mar- ried to Demetrius Poliorcetes (Plut. Demetr. 32, 46), and Lysandra, the wife of Agathocles, son of Lysimaclius. (Paus. i. 9. vj 6.) It appears, how- ever, that Ptolemy, who, like all the other Greek princes of his day, allowed himself to have several wives at once, latterly neglected her for Berenice (Plut. Pyrrh. 4) ; and it was probably from resent- ment on this account, and for the preference shewn to the children of Berenice, that she withdrew from the court of Egypt. In 287 we find her re- siding at Miletus, where she welcomed Demetrius Poliorcetes, and gave him her daughter Ptolemais in marriage, at a time when such a step could not but be highly oifensive to Ptolemy. (Plut. Demetr. 46.) 5. An Athenian, of a family descended from the great Miltiades. (Plut. Demetr. 14; Diod. xx. 40.) She was first married to Ophelias, the conqueror of Cyrene, and after his death returned to Athens, where she married Demetrius Poliorcetes, on oc- casion of his first visit to that city. (Plut. Demetr. 14.) She is said to have had by him a son called Corrhabus. (Id. 53.) 6. A daughter of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, who gave her in marriage to Antipater, son of Cassander, king of Macedonia, when the latter invoked his assistance against his brother Alexan- der. (Justin, xvi. 1; Euseb. Arm. p. 155.) After the murder of Antipater [see vol. i. p. 202, a.], she was condemned by her father to perpetual im- prisonment. (Justin, xvi. 2.) 7. The sister and wife of Ptolemy Philopator is called by Justin (xxx. 1) Eurydice, but her real name was Arsinoe. [Arsinoe, No. 5.] [ E. H. B.] EURY'LEON (EupwAewi'), is said to have been the original name of Ascanius. (Dionys.i. 70 ; Ap- pian, de Reg. Rom i.) [L. S.J EURYLOCHUS. EURY'LEON (Eupye<Bj/.) 1. One of the com. panions of Dorieus, with whom he went out to esta- blish a colony, Heracleia in Sicily. Nearl}-- all the Spartan colonists, however, were slain by the Car- thaginians and Egestaeans. Euryleon was the only one of the leaders who escaped: he gathered the remnants of the Lacedaemonians and took possession of Minoa, a colony of Selinus, and assisted the Se- linuntians in getting rid of their tyrant Peithagoras, (Herod, v. 46 ; comp. Dorieus.) 2. A commander of the Lacedaemonians in their first war against the Messenians. He was of The- ban extraction, and a descendant of Cadmus, (Paus. iv. 7. <S 3.) [L. S.] EURY'LOCHUS (Eupi^Aoxos), one of the com- panions of Odysseus in his wanderings. He was the only one that escaped from the house of Circe, while his friends were metamorphosed into swine ; and when Odysseus went to the lower world, Eu- r3'lochus and Perimedes performed the prescribed sacrifices. It was on his advice that the com- panions of Odysseus carried off some of the oxen of Helios. (Hom. Od. x. 203, &c., xi. 23, &c., xii. 339, &c.) Another personage of the same name is mentioned among the sons of Aegyptus. (Apol- lod. ii. 1. § 5.) [L. S.] EURY'LOCHUS (EupuAoxos), a Spartan com- mander, in the sixth year of the Peloponnesian war, B. c. 426, was sent with 3000 heavy-armed of the allies, at the request of the Aetolians to act with them against the Messenians of Naupactus, where Demosthenes, whom they had recently de- feated, was still remaining, but without any force. Eurylochus assembled his troops at Delphi, re- ceived the submission of the Ozolian Locrians, and advanced through their country into the district of Naupactus. The town itself was saved by Acar- nanian succours obtained by Demosthenes, on the introduction of which, Eurylochus retired, but took up his quarters among his neighbouring allies with a covert design in concert with the Ambra- ciots against the Amphilochian Argives, and Acar- nanians. After waiting the requisite time he set his army in motion from Proschium, and, by a well- chosen line of march contriving to elude the Am- philochians and their allies, who were stationed to oppose him, effected a junction with his friends at Olpae. Here, on the sixth day following, the enemy, under Demosthenes, attacked him. Eury- lochus took the right wing opposed to Demosthenes with the Messenians and a few Athenians ; and here, when already taking them on the flank, he was surprised by the assault of an ambuscade in his rear ; his troops were routed, himself slain, and the whole army in consequence defeated. (Thuc. iii. 100— 102, 105— 109.) [A. H. C] EURY'LOCHUS (EupuAoxos). I. A native of Lusiae in Arcadia, whose name is frequently- mentioned by Xenophon in the Anabasis. On one occasion, when the army was marching through the territory of the Carduchii, he protected Xeno- phon, whose shield-bearer had deserted him. He was one of the deputies sent by the army to Anaxibius. Afterwards we find him counselling his comrades to extort from Seuthes the pay which he owed them. (Xen. Anab. iv. 2. § 21, 7. § 11, vii. I. § 32. 6. § 40.) 2. A sceptical philosopher, a disciple of Pyrrh o, mentioned by Diogenes Laertius (ix. 68). The same writer mentions another Eurylochus of La- rissa, to whom Socrates refused to place himself