Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/1126

Rh J) 12 MONETA. MOLPA'DTA (MoATraSia), an Amazon, who was said to have killed Antiope, another Amazon, and was afterwards slain herself by Theseus. Her tomb was shown at Athens. (Plut. Thes. TI ; Pans. i. 2. § ].) [L. S.] MOLPA'GORAS {yioXirayopas), a demagogue of Cios, in Bithynia, who, by the usual arts of his class, raised himself to absolute power in his state. To the imprudence of the men of Cios, in placing confidence in him and in persons like him, Polybius ascribes mainly the capture of their city by Philip V. of Macedon, in B. c. 20"3. (Polyb. xv. 21 ; com p. Liv. xxxii. 33, 34.) [E. E.] . MOLPIS (MoATFis), a Laconian, the author of a work on the constitution and customs of the Lacedaemonians, entitled AaK^Zaiixoviwv ttoAi- Teia, quoted by Athenaeus (iv. p. 140, xiv. p. mi). [C. P. M.; MOLPIS (MoA-TTts), a Greek surgeon mentioned by Heracleides of Tarentum (ap. Gal. Comment, in Hijyfmcr. '"' De Artie. iv. 40, vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 736), who must therefore have lived in or before the third century B. c. He wrote apparently on fractures and luxations. [W. A. G.] MOLUS (Ma)os or MrfAos). LA son of Ares and Demonice, and a brother of Thestius. (ApoUod. i. 7. § 7. Demonice.) 2. A son of Deucalion, and father of Meriones. (Horn. II. X. 269, xiii. 279 ; ApoUod. iii. 3. § 1 ; Diod. V. 79 ; Hygin. Fab. 97 ; comp. Meriones.) According to a Cretan legend, he was a son of Minos, and a brother of Deucalion (Diod. I. c.) ; f d it was said, that as he had attempted to violate a nymph, he was afterwards found without a head ; for at a certain festival in Crete they showed the image of a man without a head, who was called Molus. (Plut. De Def. Orac. 13.) [L- S.] MOMUS {Mw/jLos), a son of Nyx, is a personi- fication of mocker' and censure. (Hes. Tliaog. 214.) Thus he is said to have censured in the man formed by Hephaestus, that a little door had not been left in his breast, so as to enable one to look into his secret thoughts. (Lucian, //c'rwoifm. 20.) Aphro- dite alone was, according to him, blameless. (Phi- lostr. Ep. 2L) [L. S.] MONAESES (Moi/a;o-77s). L One of the most distinguished men in Parthia in the time of Antony, the triumvir, is spoken of in Vol. I. p. 357, a. 2. A ge^ieral of the Parthian king, Vologeses I. [See Vol. L p. 358, b.] MONE'TA, a sumame of Juno among the Ro- mans, by which she was characterised as the pro- tectress of money. Under this name she had a temple on the Capitoline, in which there was at the same time the mint, just as the public treasury was in the temple of Saturn. The temple had been vowed by the dictator L. Furius in a battle against the Aurunci, and was erected on the spot where the house of M. Manlius Capitolinus had stood. (Liv. iv. 7, 20, vi. 20, vii. 28, xlii. 1 ; Ov, Fast. i. 638, vi. 183.) Moneta signifies the mint, and such a surname cannot be surprising, as we learn from St. Augustin (Z>e Civ. Dei, vii. 11), that Jupiter bore the surname of Pecunia ; but some writers found such a meaning too plain, and Livius Andronicus, in the beginning of his translation of the Odyssey, used Moneta as a translation of Mvr]- IJ.o<TvvT}^ and thus made her the mother of the Muses or Camenae. (Comp. Hygin. Fab. Praef ) Cicero (c/c Div. L 45, ii. 32) relates an etymologi- MONTANUS. cal tale. During an earthquake, he says, a voice was heard issuing from the temple of Juno on the Capitol, and admonishing {monens) that a pregnant sow should be sacrificed. A somewhat more probable reason for the name is given by Suidas (s. v. Moj/tjto), though he assigns it to too late a time. In the war with Pyrrhus and the Tarentines, he sjvys, the Romans being in want of money, prayed to Juno, and were told by the goddess, that money would not be wanting to them, so long as they would fight with the arms of justice. As the Romans by experience found the truth of the words of Juno, they called her Juno Moneta. Her festival was celebrated on the first of June. (Ov. Fast. vi. 183, &c. ; Macrob. Sat. i. 12.) [L. S.J MO'NIMA (Mo;/j,u77), daughter of Philopoemen, a citizen of Stratoniceia, in Ionia, or according to Plutarch, of Miletus. At the capture of her native city by Mithridates, in b. c. 88, her beauty made a great impression on the conqueror, but she had the courage to refuse all his offers, until he con- sented to marry her, and bestow on her the rank and title of queen. She at first exercised great influence over her husband, bui, this did not last long, and she soon found but too much reason to repent her elevation, which had the eifect of re- moving her from Greek civilisation and consigning her to a splendid imprisonment. When Mithri- dates was compelled to abandon his own dominions and take refuge in Armenia, b. c. 72, Monima was put to death at Pharnacia, together with the other wives and sisters of the fugitive monarch. Her correspondence with Mithridates, which was of a licentious character, fell into the hands of Porapey at the capture of the fortress of Caenon Phrou- rion. (Appian, Milhr. 21, 27, 48 ; Plut. UtcuU. ^, Pomp. '61.) [E.H.B.] MO'NIMUS (MoVz/xos), son of Pythion. a Ma- cedonian officer, who espoused the cause of Olym- pias in her final struggle with Cassander, and was one of the last who remained faithful to her ; but finding himself unable to relieve he/ at Pydna, lie withdrew to Pella, which city he held for a time, but surrendered it to Cassander a;"ter the fall of Pydna, B. c. 316. (Diod. xix. 50.) From an anec- dote related by Phylarchus {ap. Athen. xiii. p. 609, b), it appears that he had been attached to the court of Olympias for some time. [E. H. B.] MO'NIUS. [MoNUNius.] MONOBA'ZUS {Uov6§aCos), was king or tetrarch of Adiabene in A. d. 63, when Tigranes, king of Armenia, invaded his kingdom. Mono- bazus applied for aid to Vologeses, the Parthian monarch ; and the troops of Adiabene and Parthia entered Armenia, and invested its capital, Tigrano- certa. Monobazus afterwards accompanied Volo- geses to the camp of Corbulo [Corbulo] at Randeia, to negotiate a truce between Parthia and Rome. The sons of Monobazus were in the suite of Tiridates on his visit to Nero in a, d, QQ. (Tac. Ann. XV. 1, 14 j Dion Cass. Ixii. 20, 23, Ixiii. 1.) [W. B. D.J MONOECUS (MoVot/fos), a surname of Hera- cles, signifying the god who lives solitary, perhaps because he alone was worshipped in the temples dedicated to him. (Strab. iv. p. 202 ; Virg. Aen. vi. 831 ; Plut. Quaest. Rom. 87.) In Liguria there was a temple called Monoecus (now Monaco ; Strab. Virg. U. cc. ; Tacit. Hist. iii. 42 ; Steph. Byz. s. v.). [L. S.] MONTA'NUS, ALPl'NUS. [Alpinus.]