Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 2.djvu/1009

Rh MAXIMUS. over the Allobroges and their ally, Bitiiitus, king of the Arverni (Auvergne), in Gaul, son of the preceding, was consul in u. c, 121. His campaign was brilliant, and his triumph, De Allubrogilms et Recje Arvernoriim Betulto (Fasti), was rendered famous by the spectacle of the Arvemian king riding in the chariot, and wearing the silver armour he had borne in battle. [Bituitus.] From the plunder of Auvergne Fabius erected the Fornix Fabianus crossing the Via Sacra, and near the temple of Vesta at Rome, and placed over the arch a statue of himself. (Pseud-Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. i. 7, p. 1:33, Orelli; Schol. Gron. pp. 393, 3.99 ; comp. Cic. de Oral. ii. QQ ; Plin. H. N. vii. 50.) Fabius was censor in B.c. 108. He was an orator and a man of letters. (Cic. Brut. 28, pro Fo7it 12.) On the death of Scipio Aemilianus, in B. c. 1 29, Fabius gave a banquet to the citizens of Rome, and pronounced the funeral oration of the deceased, a fragment of which is still extant. (Cic. pro Muraen. 36 ; Schol. Bob. in Milunian. p. 283, Orelli ; Appian, Gall. 2 ; Veil. Pat. ii. 10.) Plin. {H.N. xxxiii. 11) confounds this Fabius with the preceding. 10. Q. Fabius Q. p. Q. Aemiliam n. Max- IMUS Allobrogicus, son of the preceding, was remarkable only for his vices. The city praetor interdicted him from administering to his father's estate ; and the scandalous life of Fabius made the prohibition to be universally approved. (Cic. Tus- c«/. i. 33; Val. Max. iii. 5. §2.) 11. Q. Fabius Q. f. Q. n. Maximus, with the agnomen Servilianus, was adopted from the gens Servilia, by Fabius Aemilianus (No. 8). He was uterine brother of Cn. Servilius Caepio, consul in B. c. 141. (Appian, Ilispan, 70.) He was consul in B. c. 142. His province was Lusitania, and the war with Viriarathus. (Appian, Iber. 67; Oros. V. 4 ; Cic. ad Ait. xii. 5 ; couip. de Orat. i. 26.) Valerius Maximus (vi. 1. § 5, viii. 5. § 1) ascribes to Fabius a censorship which the Fasti do not confirm. 12. Q. Fabius Maximus Eburnus, was city praetor in b. c. 11 8, when he presided at the im- peachment of C. Papirius Carbo, accused of majestas by L. Cl-assus. (Carbo, Papirius, No. 2. ; Cic. de Orat. i. 26.) Fabius was consul in b. c. 116. He condemned one of his sons to death for immo- rality ; but being subsequently accused by Cn. Pompeius Strabo of exceeding the limits of the " patria potestas," he went into exile, and probably to Nuceria, (Cic. pro Baib. 11 ; Val. Max. vi. 1. § 5; Oros. v. 16.) MAXIMUS. 995 COIN OF FABIUS MAXIMUS. 13. Q. Fabius Q. f. Q. n. Maximus, was joined with Q. Caelius Rufus in B. c. 59, in the prosecution of C. Antonius Hybrida [Antonius, No. 10] for extortion in his province of Macedonia. (Cic. in Vaiin. 11 ; Schol. Bob. in Vatinian. p. 321, Orelli.) For his services as legatus to Caesar in Spain, B. c. 45 (Caes. B. H. 2, 41), he obtained a triumph and the consulship of that year on Caesar's deposition of it in September. Fabius died on the last day (December 31) of his official year. (Dion Cass, xliii. 42, 4 6 ; Plin. H. N. vii. 53 ; Cic. ad Fam. vii. 30 ; Liv. Epit. 116 ; comp. Macrob. Sat. ii. 3.) To which of the Fabii Maximi the preceding coin belongs is quite uncertain. [W. B. D.] MA'XIMUS, FU'LVIUS CENTUMALUS. [Centumalus, No. 1.] MA'XIMUS HIEROSOLYMITA'NUS, or of Jerusalem, of which city he Avas bishop, a Greek ecclesiastical writer of the latter part of the second century. Jerome (De Viris Illust. c. 47) mentions Maximus, an ecclesiastical writer who wrote on the questions of the origin of evil and the creation of matter, as having lived under the emperors Corn- modus (a. d. 180 — 193) and Severus (a. d. 193 — 211), but he does not say what office he held in the church, or whether he held any ; nor does lie connect him with any locality. Honorius of Autun {De Scripior. Eccles. i. 47), extracting from Jerome, reads the name Maximinus ; and Rufinus, trans- lating from Eusebius, who has a short passage re- lating to the same writer (//. E. v. 27), gives the name in the same form ; but it is probably incor- rect. There was a Maximus bishop of Jerusalem in the reign of Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aurelius, or the earlier part of that of Commodus, i. e. some- where between A. D. 156 and A. D. 185, and pro- bably in the early part of that interval : another Maximus occupied the same see from a. d. 185; and the successive episcopates of himself and seven successors occupy about eighty years, the length of each separate episcopate not being known. The date therefore of this latter Maximus of Jerusalem accords sufficiently with the notice in Jerome re- specting the writer ; but it is remarkable that though both Eusebius and Jerome mention the bishop (Eusebius, Chronic, and Hieron. Euseh. Chron. Interpretatio they do not either of them identify the writer with him ; and it is re- markable that in the list given by Eusebius of the bishops of Jerusalem in his Histor. Ecdles. (v. 27), the names of the second Maximus and his successor, Antoninus, do not appear. It must be considered therefore uncertain Avhether the writer and the bishop are the same person, though it is most likely they were. The title of the work of Maximus noticed by Jerome and Eusebius (for the two questions of the origin of evil and tlie creation of matter appear to have been compre- hended in one treatise) was Ilspi t^s u'Atjs, De Materia. Eusebius has given a long extract from it. {Praep. Evang. vii. 21, 22.) The same ex- tract, or a portion of it, is incorporated, without acknowledgment, in the Dialogns Adamantii de rectai in Deum Fide., or Contra Marcionitas, sect, iv. commonly ascribed to Origen, but in reality written or compiled long after his time. It is also quoted in the Fkilocalia, c. 24, compiled by Gregory Nazianzen and Basil the Great, almost entirely from the works of Origen. In the short inscription to the chapter they are said to be from the Frae- paratio Evangelica of Eusebius ; and their being contained also in the supposed work of Origen, De Recta Fide, is affirmed in a probably inter- polated sentence of the concluding paragraph of the chapter. (Delarue, Opera Origenis, vol. i. p. 800, seq.) This passage, apparently the only part of Maximus' work which has come down to us, is given in the Bibliotlieca Fatrum of Galland (vol. ii. p. 146), who identifies the author 3 s 2