Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/995

Rh DEMODOCUS. tbf art of archinp;. He is alao said to have pos- 64'R8«'d a knowledge of ptTspectivo. Two works on uictics (ToKTiKou Kcd 'OTrXofiaxixdu) are ascriljed to him, apparently from a confusion of his name with that of Damocritus. (Fabric. liibl. G'raec. iv. p. 343 ; Mullach, /. c. pp. .03—1 59.) [A. S.J DEMO'CRITUS (AWfp'Tos)- 1. Of Ephesus, wrote works on the Ephesian temple and the town of Samothrace. (Diog. Laert. ix. 49.) A frag- ment of his is preserved in Athenaeus. (xii. p. 525.) 2. A Platonic philosopher, who wrote commen- taries on Plato's Phaedon and Alcibiades I. (Por- phyr. Vif. Plot, 20 ; Syrian, ad Aristot. Metaph. xii. p. ^9 ; Ruhnken, Dissert. PMlol. de Vita et Script. Ixtngitii^ § 4.) 3. Of Sicyon, is recommended by Cicero to the proconsul A. Allienus {ad Fam. xiii. 78), as a highly educated man. [L. S.] DEMO'DAMAS (ATj/ioSojuas), of Miletus or Halicamassus, is called Seletun et Antiochi dtuc by Pliny. (//. A^. vi. 16.) He appears to have writ- ten a geographical work on Asia, from which Pliny derived great assistance. He is mentioned also by Stephanus Byzantius (s. r. "kvriGcra)., and is pro- bably the same as the Demodamas who according to Athenaeus (xv. p. 682) wrote a work on Hali- camassus. (Tepl 'kKiKapvaaaov.) [L. S.] DEMO'DOCUS (ATjMo'SflKos). 1. The famous bard of the Odyssey, who according to the fashion of the heroic ages delighted the guests of king Al- cinoUs during their repast by singing about the feats of the Greeks at Troy, of the love of Ares and Aphrodite, and of the wooden horse. {Od. viii. 62, ^c, xiii. 27.) He is also mentioned as the bard who advised Agamemnon to guard Clytaemnestra, and to expose Aegisthus in a desert island. {Od. iii. 267 ; Eustath. arf //otw. p. 1466.) Eustathius describes him as a Laconian, and as a pupil of Au- tomedes and Perimedes of Argos. He adds that he won the prize at the Pythian games and then followed Agamemnon to Mycenae. One storj' makes Odysseus recite Demodocus's song about the destniction of Troy during a contest in Tyrrhenia. (Ptolem. Heph. 7.) On the throne of Apollo at Amyclae, Demodocus was represented playing to the dance of the Phaeacians. (Pans. iii. 18. § 7.) Later writers, who look upon this mythical min- strel as an historical person, describe him as a na- tive of Corcyra, and as an aged and blind singer (Ov. Ih. 272), who composed a poem on the de- struction of Troy ('lAiou TropS-rjo-js), and on the marriage of Hephaestus and Aphrodite. (Plut. de Mus. 3 ; Eudoc. p. 407 ; Phot. Bibl. p 152. ed. Bekker.) Plutarch {de Fluvi. 18) refers even to the first book of an epic poem on the exploits of Heracles. ('HpaffAejo.) But all such statements are fabulous ; and if there existed any poems under his name, they were certainly forgeries. 2. A companion and friend of Aeneas, who was killed bv Halesus. (Virg. ^ew. x. 413.) [L. S.] DEMO'DOCUS (Arj/uoSo/fos). 1. Among the dialogues bearing the name of Plato there is one entitled Demodocus, from the person addressed therein ; but whether this Demodocus is the friend of Socrates, and father of Theages, who is intro- duced as one of the interlocutors in tlie dialogue Theages, is uncertain. But the dialogue Demodo- cus is now acknowledged on all hands to be a fabrication of a late sophist or rhetorician. (C. F. Hermann, ^['/••••/em der Platnit. Fhilns. i. p. 414, &c.) DEMONAX. 977 2. One of the Athenian generals, who com- manded a fleet in the Hellespont, and in the spring of b. c. 424, recovered the town of Antan- rus. (Thuc. iv. 75.) Another person of this name is mentioned by Polybius. (v. 95.) [L. S.] DEMO'DOCUS {Ai]n6hoKos) of Leroa, the au- thor of four epigrams in the Greek Anthologj-, containing bitter attacks upon the Chians, Cappa- docians, and Cilicians. (Bninck, Anal. ii. 56 ; Jacobs, ii. 56, xiii. 698.) He is mentioned by Aristotle. {Ethic. Nicom. vii. 9.) [P. S.] DEMO'DOCUS (AtjmoSo/cos), a physician of Crotona. [Democedes.J DEMO'LEON {Ai]fxoib)v). There are four mythical beings of this name, a centaur (Ov. Met. xii. 355, &c.), a son of Phrixus and Chalciope (Hygin. Fab. 14), a son of Antenor and Theano, who was slain by Achilles (Hom. II. xx. 394), and a son of Hippasus, who was slain by Paris. (Quint. Smym. x. 119, &c.) [L. S.] DEMOLEUS, a Greek, who had been slain by Aeneas, and whose coat of mail was offered by him as a prize in the games which he celebrated in Sicily. (Virg. Aen. v. 258, &c.) [L. S.] DEMON {Ai/ifxwv). 1. The author of an Atthis ('At0is), or a history of Attica, against which Philochorus wrote his Atthis, from which we may infer that Demon lived either shortly before or at the time of Philochorus. (Plut. Thf-s. 1 9, 23 ; Athen. iii. p. 96 ; Suid. s.v. TpiTonaTopfs.) He is probably the same as the author of a work on proverbs {irepl 7ra/)otut<S«'), of which some fragments are still extant, (Steph. s. v. AcaStiv-q ; Harpocrat. s. v. MvcroHu fiau ; Hesych, s. v. Oivaloi ; Photius, passim ; Suidas, s. v. AwSuva7ov ; Schol. ad Aristoph. Plut. 1 003, Av. 302, Ran. 442 ; Schol. ad Hom. Od. xx. 301, //. xvi. 233 ; ad Find. Nem. vii. 155, ad Eurip. RJies. 248 ; Zenob. Prnrerh. v. 52 ; Apostol. vii. 44, xiii. 36, xvii. 28, XX. 27 ; Arsenius, Viol. pp. 186, 463) and of a work on sacrifices {ircpl ducncuv ; Harpocrat. s. v. irpoKcovia). The fragments of the works of Demon are collected in Sii'l)elis Phanodemus {Devinvis, Clitodemi et Istri) 'AreiSwv et relig. Fragm.., Leip- zig, 1812. (See especially p. vii. &c., and p. 17, &c., and in C. and Th. Mliller, Fragm. Hist. Graec. p. 378, &c. Comp. p. Ixxxvii. &c.j 2. Of the demos of Paeania in Attica, was a son of Demosthenes's sister, and distinguished him- self as an orator ; he belonged, like his great kinsman, to the anti-Macedonian party. When, after the death of Alexander, Demosthenes was still in exile and tried to rouse the Greeks to a vigorous resistance against the Macedonians, De- mon proposed a decree to recall him. It was joyfully passed by the Athenians, and Demosthe- nes returned in triumph. (Plut. Demosth. 27 ; Athen. viii. p. 341, xiii. p. 593, where a son of his, Phrynion, is mentioned.) [L. S.] DEMONASSA {Ar^puLvaaaa). 1. The wife of Irus, and mother of Eurydamas and Eurytion. (Hygin. Fab. 14 ; Apollon' Rhod. i. 74.) 2. A daughter of Amphiaraus and Eriphyle, was the wife of Thersander, by whom she became the mother of Tisamenus. (Paus. iii. 15. § 6, ix. 5. <S 8.) 3. I'he mother of Aegialus by Adrastus. (Hy- gin. Fid,. 71.) [L. S.] DEMO'NAX (A77|uwi/a|), the most distinguish- ed of those who attempted to revive the cynical doctrines in the second centurv of the Christiau 3 R