Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/987

Rh DEMETRIUS. him to be tortured. The Cynic bore the pain in- flicted on him as a tnie philosopher, and was after- wards set free again. (Ammian. Marc. xix. 12.) He is probably the same as the person mentioned by the emperor Julian {Orat. vii.) by the name of Chytron. (Vales, ad Ammian. Marc. I. c.) 12. Of Cnidus, apparently a mythographer, is referred to by the Scholiast on ApoUonius Rhodiua (i. 1165). i;i. Comic Pobt. See below. 14. Sumamed Cydonius, which surname was probably derived from his living at Cydone (Ku- htivr)) in Crete (Cantacuz. iv. 16, 39), for he was a native either of Thessalonica or of Byzantium. (Volaterran. Comment. Urh. xv. ; Allatius, de Con- sensu., p. 856.) He flourished during the latter half of the fourteenth century. The emperor Jo- annes Cantacuzenus was much attached to him, and raised him to high offices at his court. When the emperor began to meditate upon embracing the monastic life, Demetrius joined him in his design, and in a. d. 1355 both entered the same monas- tery. Afterwards Demetrius for a time left his coun- try, and went to Milan, where he devoted himself to the study of Latin and theology. He died in a monastery of Crete, but was still alive in a. d. 1 384, when flannel Palaeologus succeeded to the throne, for we still possess a letter addressed by Demetrius to the emperor on his accession. Demetrius is the author of a considerable number of theological and other works, many of which have not yet been published, and he also translated several works from the Latin into Greek, The following are the most important among the works which have appeared in print : 1. Two Epistles addressed to Nicephorus Gregoras and Philotheus. They are prefixed to J. Boivin's edition of Nicephorus Gregoras, Paris, 1702, fol. 2. Afonodia, that is, lamentations on those who had fallen at Thessalo- nica during the disturbances of 1343. It is printed in Combefisius's edition of Theophanes, Paris, 1586, foL p. 385, &c. 3. 'SiVfi§ov€VTiK6s, that is, an oration addressed to the Greeks, in which he gives them his advice as to how the danger which threat- ened them from the Turks might be averted. It is printed in Combefisius's Auctar. Nov. ii. p. 1221, &c. 4. On Callipolis, which Demetrius advised the Greeks not to surrender to sultan Miirat, who made its surrender the condition of peace. Com- befisius, Auctar. Nov. ii. p. 1284, &c. 5. Ilepl tow KaTouppovitv Tov ^ava76v^ was first edited by R. Seller, Basel, 1553, and last and best by Kuinoel, Leipzig, 1786, 8vo. 6. An Epistle to Barlaam, on the procession of the Holy Ghost, is printed in Ca- nisius, Lect. Antiq. vol. vi. p. 4, &c., ed. Ingolstadt, 1604. 7. A work against Gregorius Palama, was first edited by P. Arcudius in his Opuscula Aurea Theol. Gr. (Rome, 1630, 4to., and reprinted in 1671), which also contain — 8. A work against Max. Planudes. (Wharton, Append, to Cave's Ilistor. Lit. vol. i. p. 47, &c. ; Cave, vol. i. p. 510, ed. Lond. 1688 ; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. xi. p. 398, &c) 15. Of Cyrene, sumamed Stamnus (^ro^rn'oy), whom Diogenes Laertius (v. 84) calls a remarkable man, but of whom nothing further is known. 16. Of Carthage, a rhetorician, who lived previous to the time of Thrasymachus. (Diog. Laert. v. 83.) 17. Metropolitan of Cyzicus, and sumamed Syncellus. He is mentioned by JoanneB Scy- litza and Georgius Cedrenus in the introductions DEMETRIUS. 999 to their works, from which we may infer, that he lived about the middle of the eleventh cen- tury after Christ. He wrote an exposition of the heresy of the Jacobites and Chatzitzarians, which is printed with a Latin translation in Combefisius. {Auctarium Nov. ii. p. 261.) Another work on prohibited marriages is printed in Leunclavius. {Jus Graeco-Rom. iv. p. 392.) Some works of his are still extant in MS. in the libraries of Paris, Rome, and Milan. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. xi. p. 414.) 18. An KPic poet, of whom, in the time of Dio- genes Laertius (v. 85), nothing was extant except three verses on envious persons, which are still pre- served. They are quoted by Suidas also (s. v. <pQovii) without the author's name. 19. An Epicurean philosopher, and a disciple of Protarchus, was a native of Laconia. (Diog. Laert. x. 26 ; Strab. xiv. p. 658 ; Sext. Empir. Pyrrhon. Hypoth. § 137, with the note of Fabric.) 20. Of Erythrae, a Greek poet, whom Dio- genes Laertius (v. 85) calls a iroiKiKoypdipos 6.v- dpanros, and who also wrote historical and rheto- rical works. He seems to have been a contemporary of the grammarian Tyrannion, whom he opposed. (Suid. s.v. Tvpavviwp.) 21. Of Erythrae, a Greek grammarian, who obtained the civic franchise in Temnus. (Diog. Laert. v. 84.) 22. Sumamed roj^Treo-os, is mentioned among the grammarians who wrote on the Homeric poems. (Schol. Venet. ad Horn. 11. viii. 233, xiii, 137.) 23. Of Ilium, wrote a history of Troy, which is referred to by Eustathius {ad Horn. Od. xi. p. 452) and Eudocia (p. 128). 24. The author of a work on the kings of the Jews, from which a statement respecting the cap- tivity of the Jews is quoted. (Hieronym. CatcU. III. Script. 38 ; Clem. Alex. Strom, i. p. 146.) 25. Of Magnesia, a Greek grammarian, a con- temporary of Cicero and Atticus. (Cic. ad Att. viii. 11, iv. 11.) He had, in Cicero's recollec- tion, sent Atticus a work of his on concord, irepi o/xovoiaSf which Cicero also was anxious to read. A second work of his, which is often referred to, was of an historical and philological nature, and treated of poets and other authors who bore the same name. (Hept ojjlmvvhwv ttoititcSu Koi (Tvyypacpeuv ; Diog. Laert. i. 38, 79, 112, ii. 52, 56, V. 3, 75, 89, vi. 79, 84, 88, vii. 169, 185, viii. 84, ix. 15, 27, 35, x. 13; Plut. Vit. X Orat. pp. 844, b., 847, a., Demosth. 15, 27, 28, 30; Harpocrat. s. v. 'Itrotby, and many other passages ; Athen. xiii. p. 611 ; Dionys. Deinarch. 1.) This important work, to judge from what is quoted from it, contained the lives of the persons treated of, and a critical examination of their merits. 26. Sumamed Moschus, a Greek grammarian, who is the author of the argumentura to the Atfli/co, which bear the name of Orpheus. It is said, that there are also glosses by him upon the same poem in MS. at Paris. He lived in the 1 5th century of our aera. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. xi. p. 418.) 27. Of Odessa, is mentioned as the author of a work on his native city. (Steph. Byz.s. v. 'OSTj(r<roy.) 28. Phalereus, the most distinguished among all the literary persons of this name. He was at once an orator, a statesman, a philoso- pher, and a poet. His sumame Phalereus is given him from his birthplace, the Attic demos of Phale- ms, where he was bom about 01. 108 or 109, B. c. 345. He was the sou of Phiuiostratus, u