Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/970

Rh S52 DEINOMACHUS. Btatesman were, according to Polybius, of the most superficial character. In political foresight, for in- Btance, he was utterly deficient. (Polyb. xxiv. 5, 12 ; Liv. xxxix. 49 ; Plut. PhUop. 18—21, Flam. 20; Paus. iv. 29.) [E. E.] DEINO'CRATES (Aeifo/cparrjs), a most dis- tinguished Macedonian architect in the time of Alexander the Great. He was the architect of the new temple of Artemis at Ephesus, which was built after the destruction of the former temple by Hero- stratus. [Chersxphron.] He was employed by Alexander, whom he accompanied into Egypt, in the building of Alexandria. Deinocrates laid out the ground and erected several of the principal buildings. Besides the works which he actually erected, he formed a design for cutting mount Athos into a statue of Alexander, to wliom he presented his plan upon his accession to the throne ; but the king forbiid the execution of the project. The right hand of the figure v/ss to have held a city, and in the left there would have been a basin, in which the water of all the mountain streams was to pour, and thence into the sea. Another curious work which he did not live to finish, is mentioned undei Arsinok [pp. 3t)6, 367J : this fixes the time of the architect's death. The so-called mo- nument of Hephaestion by Deinocrates was only a funeral pile (irvpa, Diod. xvii. 115), though a very magnificent one. It formed a pyramid, rising in successive terraces, all adorned with great magnificence. (Plin. v. 10, s, 11, vii. 37, s. 38, xxxiv. 14, 8. 42 ; Vitruv. i. 1. § 4, ii. praef.; Strab. xiv. pp. 640, 641 ; Val. Max. i. 4, ext. 1 ; Amm. Marc. xxii. 16 ; Solin. 35, 43 ; Plut. Alex. 7'2, de Alex. Virt. ii. § 2; Lucian, pro Ima'i. 9, de con- scrib. Hist. 12; Tzetz. Chil. viii. 199, xi. 367.) There is immense confusion among these writers about the architect's name. Pliny calls him Dino- chares, or, according to some of the MSS., Tymo- chares or Timocrates ; Strabo has XfipoKparrfs ; Plutarch, ^.TcuriKpdTTis ; and, among other varia- tions, Eustathius {ad Horn. II. |. 229) calls him .Diodes of Rhegium. [P. S.] DEINO'LOCHUS (Aetv6oxoi), a comic poet •of Syracuse or Agrigentum, was, according to some, the son, according to others, the disciple, of Epicharmus. He lived about b. c. 488, and wrote fourteen plays in the Doric dialect, about which we only know, from a few titles, that some of them were on mythological subjects. (Suid. s. v.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. iL p. 436 ; Grysar, de Doriciis. Com. i. p. 81.) [P. S.] DEINO'MACHA {Aelvo^l6.xn), daughter of Megacles, the head of the Alcmaeonidae, grand- daughter of Cleisthenes, and mother of Alcibiades. (Plut. Ak. 1 ; Athen. v. p. 219, c. ; Ael. V. H. ii. 1 ; see also Alcibiades, p. 99, a., and the pas- sages there referred to.) [E. E.] DEINO'MACHUS (Aetr/oVxos), a philoso- pher, who agreed with Calliphon in considering the chief good to consist in the union of virtue with bodily pleasure, which Cicero calls a joining of the man with the beast. The doctrine is thus further explained by Clement of Alexandria ; — Pleasure and virtue are both of them ends to man ; but pleasure is so from the first, while virtue ovybecovies so after experience. (Cic. de Fin. v. 8, de Off. iii. 33, Tmsc. Qjiaest. v. 30 ; Clem. Alex. Strom, ii. 21.) The Deinomachus, whom Lucian introduces in the Philopseudes, is of course a different person, and possibly a fictitious character. [ E. E.] | DEINOSTRATUS. DEINO'MENES (Aeivo^xh-ns). I. Father of Gelon, Hiero, and Thrasybulus, succesively tj'rants of Syracuse. (Herod, vii. 145 ; Pind. Fi/th. i, 154, ii. 34.) 2. One of the guards of Hieronymus, king of Syracuse, in the plot against whose life he joined. When Hieronymus had marched into Leontini, and had arrived opposite the house where the murderers were posted, Deinomenes, who was close behind him, stopped under pretence of extricating his foot from a knot which confined it, and thus checked the advance of the multitude, and separated the king from his guards. The assassins then rushed on Hieronymus and slew him. (b, c. 215.) His attendants turned their weapons against Dei- nomenes, but he escaped with a few wounds, and was soon after elected by the Syracusans one of their generals. (Liv. xxiv. 7, 23.) [E. E.] DEINO'MENES (Aeji/o/^eVTjs), a statuary, whose statues of lo, the daughter of Inachus, and Callisto, the daughter of Lycaon, stood in the Acropolis at Athens in the time of Pausanias. (Paus. i. 25. § 1.) Pliny (xxxiv. 8. s. 19) men- tions him among the artists who flourished in the 95th Olympiad, b. c. 400, and adds, that he made stJitues of Protesilalis and Pythodemus the wres- tler, (lb. § 15.) Tatian mentions a statue by him of Besantis, queen of the Paeonians. (Oral, ad Graec. 53, p. 116, ed. Worth.) His name appears on a base, the statue belonging to which is lost. (Biickh, Corp. Inscrip. i. No. 470.) [P. S.] DEINON (Aflvwp), one of the chief men of Rhodes, who, when the war broke out between Perseus and the Romans (b. c. 171), vainly en- deavoured to induce his countrymen to pay no regard to the letter which C. Lucretnis had sent to ask for ships, and which Deinon pretended was a forgery of their enemy Eumenes, king of Pergamus, designed to involve them in a ruinous war. But, though he failed on this occasion, he still kept up a strong opposition to the Roman party. In b. c. 167, after the defeat of Perseus, the Rhodians de- livered him up to the Romans by way of propi- tiating them. Polybius calls him a bold and covetous adventurer, and censures him for what he considers an unmanly clinging to life after the ruin of his fortunes. (Polyb. xxvii. 6, 11, xxviii. 2, xxix. 5, XXX. 6-8 ; Liv. xliv. 23, 29, xlv. 22.) [E. E.J DEINON or DINON (AetVw;/, Aivuu), father of Cleitarchus, the historian of Alexander's expedi- tion. He wrote a history of Persia, to which C. Nepos (Con. 5) refers as the most trustworthy authority on the subject. He had, however, a large fund of credulity, if we may trust Pliny. (H. N. X. 49.) He is quoted also in the following passages: — Plut. Alex. 36, Arlax. 1, 6, 9, 10, 13,, 22, Them. 27; Athen. ii. p. 67, b., iv. p. 146, c, xi. p. 503, f., xiii. pp. 556, b., 560, f., 609, a., xiv. pp. 633, d,, 652, b. ; Cic. de Div. i. 23 ; Ael. H. A. xvii. 10, V. H. vii. i. ; Diog. Laert. i. 8, ix. 50, in which two passages we also find the erroneous reading Aitav. [E. E.] DEINO'STRATUS(AeiJ/o(rTpaTos), a geometer. He is stated by Proclus to have been the brother of Menaechmus, and a contemporary and follower of Plato. {Comm. in Fuel. c. iv.) The two bro- thers, according to Proclus, made the tchole of geo- metry more perfect (TeKswripav) than before. Pappus (lib. iv. prop. 25) has handed down the curve which is called the qua/lratrix of Deinostra- tus for squaring the circle, which Nicomedes and