Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/968

Rh 950 DEIMAS. 2. A Trojan hero, son of Pegasus, was a friend of Aeneas, and slain by Agamemnon. (Horn. //. X. 534.) [L. S.] DEIDAMEIA (A7jT5d/i6to). 1. A daughter of iJellerophontes and wife of Evander, by whom Homer (//. vi. 197) calls her Laodameia. 2. A daughter of Lycomedes in the island of Seyms. When Achilles was concealed there in maiden's attire, Deidameia became by him the mother of Pyrrhus or Neoptolemus, and, according to others, of Oneirus also. (ApoUod. iii. 13. § 7 ; Ptolem. Heph. 3.) 3. The wife of Peirithous, who is commonly called Hippodameia. (Plut Thes. 30 ; comp. Hip- PODAMEIA.) [L. S.] DEIDAMEIA (ArjtSa.ueta), 1. Daughter of Aeacides, king of Epeirus, and sister of Pyrrhus. While yet a girl she was betrothed by her father to Alexander, the son of Roxana, and having ac- companied that prince and Olympias into Macedo- nia, was besieged in Pydna together with them. (Plut. Pyrrh. 4 ; Diod. xix. 35 ; Justin, xiv. 6.) After the death of Alexander and Roxana, she was married to Demetrius Poliorcetes, at the time when the latter was endeavouring to establish his power in Greece, and thus became a bond of union between him and Pyrrhus. (Plut. Demetr. 25, Pyrrh. 4.) When Demetrius proceeded to Asia to support his father against the confederate kings, he left Deidameia at Athens ; but after his defeat at Ipsus, the Athenians sent her away to Megara, though still treating her with regal honours. She Boon after repaired to Cilicia to join Demetrius, who had just given his daughter Stratonice in marriage to Seleucus, but had not been there long when she fell ill and died, b. c. 300. (Plut. Demetr, 30, 32.) She left one son by Demetrius, named Alexander, who is said by Plutarch to have spent his life in Egypt, probably in an honourable captivity. (Plut Demetr. 53.) 2. Daughter of Pyrrhus II., king of Epeirus, after the death of her father and the murder of her uncle Ptolemy, was the last surviving repre- sentative of the royal race of the Aeacidae. She threw herself into Ambracia, but was induced by the offer of an honourable capitulation to surrender. The Epeirots, however, determining to secure their liberty by extirpating the whole royal family, re- solved to put her to death ; she fled for refuge to the temple of Artemis, but was murdered in the sanctuary itself. (Polyaen. viii. 52 ; Justin, xxviii. 3, by whom she is erroneously called Laudamia ; Pans. iv. 35. § 3.) The date of this event cannot be accurately fixed, but it occurred during the reign of Demetrius II. in Macedonia (b. c. 239 — 229), and probably in the early part of it. Schom {Gesch. Grieclienl. p. 86) supposes Deidameia to be a daughter of the elder Pyrrhus, not the younger, but this is certainly a mistake. [E. H. B.] DEI MA (Ae?(Ua), the personification of fear. She was represented in the form of a fearful wo- man, on the tomb of Medeia's children at Corinth. (Paus. ii. 3. § 6.) [L. S.] DEIMACHUS (ATjtiuaxos), four mythical per- sonages. (Apollod. i. 9. § 9, 7. § 3 ; Apollon. Rhod. ii. 955, &c. ; Plut. Quaest. Gr. 41.) [L. S.] DEIMAS (Ac/juas), a son of Dardanus and Chrj-se, who when his family and a part of the Arcadian population emigrated, remained behind in Arcadia. (Dion. Hal. i. 61.) [L. S.] DEINARCHUS. DEINARCHUS (Aefmpxos)- 1- The last and at the same time the least important among the ten Attic orators, was bom at Corinth about B. c. 361. (Dionys. Deinardi. 4.) His father's name was Sostratus, or, according to Suidas (s. v. Aeivapxos)^ Socrates. Though a native of Corinth, he lived at Athens from his early youth. Public oratory there reached its height about this time, and Deinarchus devoted himself to the study of it with great zeal under the guidance of Theophrastus, though he also profited much by his intercourse with Demetrius Phalereus. (Dionys. l. c. 2 ; Plut. Vit. X Orat. p. 850; Phot. Bibl. p. 496, ed. Bek- ker ; Suidas, l. c.) As he was a foreigner, and did not possess the Athenian franchise, he was not allowed to come forward himself as an orator on the great questions which then divided public opinion at Athens, and he was therefore obliged to content himself with writing orations for others. He appears to have commenced this career in his twenty-sixth year, about b. c. 336, and as about that time the great Attic orators died away one after another, Deinarchus soon acquired consider- able reputation and great wealth. He belonged to the friends of Phocion and the Macedonian party, and took a very active part in the disputes as to whether Harpalus, who had openly deserted the cause of Alexander the Great, should be tole- rated at Athens or not. The time of his greatest activity is from b. c. 317 to b. c. 307, during which time Demetrius Phalereus conducted the administration of Athens. But when in a c. 307 Demetrius Poliorcetes advanced against Athens, and Demetrius Phalereus was obliged to take to flight, Deinarchus, who was suspected on account of his equivocal political conduct, and who was anxious to save his riches, fled to Chalcis in Eu- boea. It was not till fifteen years after, b. c. 292, that, owing to the exertions of his friend Theo- phrastus, he obtained permission to return to Athens, where he spent the last years of his life, and died at an advanced age. The last event of his life of which we have any record, is a law-suit which he instituted against his faithless friend, Proxenus, who had robbed him of his property. But in what manner the suit ended, is unknown. The principal source of information respecting the life of Deinarchus is the treatise of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, from which is derived the greater part of what is preserved in Plutarch ( Vit. X Orat. p. 850), Photius (^Dibl. p. 496, ed. Bekk), Suidas (/. c. ), and others. The number of orations which Deinarchus wrote is uncertain, for Demetrius of Magnesia {ap. Dio- nys. I.e. 1 ; comp. Suidas and Eudoc. p. 130) as- cribed to him one hundred and sixty, while Plu- tarch and Photius speak only of sixty-four genuine orations ; and Dionysius is of opinion, that among the eighty-seven which were ascribed to him in his time, only sixty were genuine productions of Deinarchus. Of all these orations three only have come dovn to us entire, and all three refer to the question about Harpalus. One is directed against Philocles, the second agtiinst Demosthenes, and the third against Aristogeiton. It is, however, not improbable that the speech against Theocrines, which is usually printed among those of Demos- thenes, is likewise a work of Deinarchus. (See pp. 1333 and 1336 of that oration; Dionys. Hal. I.e. 10; Liban. Anpim.; Harpocrat. s.v. ay^xupiou and &fOKplyr]s; Apostol. Proverb, xix. 49.) The
 * he became the mother of Sarpedon. (Diod. v. 79.)