Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/955

Rh DAMOSTRATUS. posed by her after the manner of the Aeolians and Pamphylians. (Philost. Vit. ApoUon. i. 30.) [P. S.] DAMO'PHILUSorDEMO'PHILUS,apainter »nd modeller (plastes) who, with Gorgasus, embel- lished the temple of Ceres by the Circus Maximus at Rome with works of art in both departments, to which was affixed an inscription in Greek verses, intimating that the works on the right were by Damophilus, those on the left by Gorgasus. (Plin. XXXV. 12. s. 45.) This temple was that of Ceres, Liber, and Libera, which was vowed by the dictator A. Postumius, in his battle with tlie Latins, b. c. 496, and was dedicated by Sp. Cassius Viscellinus in B. c. 493. (Dionys. vi. 17, 94 ; Tac. Ann. ii. 49.) See Demophilus. [P. S.] DAMO'PHILUS (AafiScpiKos), a philosopher and sophist, was brought up by Julian, who was consul under the emperor Marcus. His writings were very munerous ; the following were found in the libmries by Suidas : 1. ^i€i§os, the first book of which was upon books worth having (irepi d^ioKTi]T(i}u fii€iwv), and was addressed to Lollius Maximus ; 2. On the Lives of the Ancients (irepl &iwv apxaioiy) ; and very many others. (Suid. termann.) [P. S.] . DA'MOPHON (Aafio^av), a sculptor of Mes- sene, was the only Messenian artist of any note. (Paus. iv. 31. § 8.) His time is doubtful. Heyne and Winckelmann place him a little later than Phidias ; Quatremere de Quincy from b. c. 340 to B. c. 300. Sillig {Catal. Art, s. v. Demophon) ar- gues, from the fact that he adorned Messene and Megalopolis with his chief works, that he lived about the time when Messene was restored and Megalopolis was built, (b. c. 372 — 370.) Pausa- nias mentions the following works of Damophon : At Aegius in Achaia, a statue of Lucina, of wood, except the face, hands, and toes, which were of Pentelic marble, and were, no doubt, the only parts uncovered : also, statues of Hygeia and As- clepius in the shrine of Eileithyia and Asclepius, bearing the artist's name in an iambic line on the base : at Messene, a statue of the Mother of the Gods, in Parian marble, one of Artemis Laphria, and several marble statues in the temple of Ascle- pius : at Megalopolis, wooden statues of Hermes •and Aphrodite, with faces, hands, and toes of mar- ble, and a great monolith group of Despoena {i. e. Cora) and Demeter, seated on a throne, which is fully described by Pausanias. He also repaired Phidias's colossal statue of Zeus at Olympia, the ivory plates of which had become loose. (Paus. iv. 31. §§ 5, 6, 8, viii. 31. §§ 3, 5, 37. § 2.) [P.S.] DAMOSTRA'TIA (Aa^uoo-rpaTja), a courtezan of the emperor Commodus, who subsequently be- came the wife of Cleander, the favourite of the em- peror. (Dion Cass. Ixxii. 12; Cleander.) [L. S.] DAMO'STRATUS (Aa/x^o-rpoTos), a person whose name appears in the title of an epigram in the Greek Anthology (Briinck, Anal. ii. 259 ; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. ii. 235), Ao/LtoorpoTou avd- 6t(xa TOLis v6fi(pais, but whether he was the author of the epigram, or the person who dedicated the statue to the nymphs, on which the epigram was inscribed, does not appear. Reiske supposed that he might be the same person as Deraostratus, a . Roman senator, who wrote a poem on fishing (dKifVTiKci), which is often quated by the ancient writers, and who lived in the first century after Christ. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. xiii. 881 ; Fabric. DANAIDES. 937 Bibl. Graec. iv. p. 471, ed. Harles, xiii. p. 138, old. edit.; Dkmostratus.) [P. S.] DAMO'TELES (AanoT^Krjs). I. A Spartan, through whose treacherj', according to one account, Cleomenes was defeated by Antigonus at the bat- tle of Sellasia, B. c. 222. (Phylarch. ap. Plut. Cleom. 28 ; comp. Polyb. ii. 65, &c.) Damoteles is said in Plutarch to have had the office of com- mander of the Crypteia (see Diet, of Ant. s. r.), which would qualify him for the service of recon- noitring assigned to him by Cleomenes before the engagement. 2. An Aetolian, was one of the ambassadors whom his countrymen, by the advice of the Athe- nians, sent to Rome in B. c. 1 90 to negotiate with the senate for peace. He returned in the ensuing year without having accomplished his object. M. Fulvius, the consul, having crossed over from Italy against them, the Aetolians once more despatched Damoteles to Rome ; but, having ascertained on his amval at Leucas that Fulvius was on his way through Epeirus to besiege Ambracia, he thought the embassy hopeless, and returned to Aetolia. We hear of him again among those who came to Fulvius at Ambracia to sue for peace, which was granted by the consul and afterwards ratified by the senate. [Damis, No. 2.] (Polvb. xxi. 3, xxii. 8, 9, 12, 13; Liv. xxxviii. 8.) ' [E. E.] DAMO'XENUS {Aa,u6^€vos) was an Athenian comic poet of the new comedy, and perhaps partly of the middle. Two of his plays, entitled Suvrpo- (f)oi and 'EauTou mvOwy^ are mentioned by Athe- naeus, who quotes a long passage from the former, and a few lines from the latter. Elsewhere he calls him, less correctly, Demoxenus. The longer fragment was first published, with a Latin version, by Hugo Grotius, in his Excerpta ex Tragoediis et Comoediis Graecis, Par. 1626, 4 to. (Ath. i. p. 15, b., iii. p. 101, f., xi. p. 469, a.; Suid. s. v. ; Eudoc. p. 131 ; Meineke, Hid. Cril. Com. Graec. i. p. 484, &c., iv. p. 529, &c., p. 843, &c.) [P. S.] DANAE {AavaT}). See AcRisius. We may add here the story Avhich we meet with at a later time in Italy, and according to which Danae went to Italy, built the town of Ardea, and married Pilumnus, by whom she became the mother of Daunus, the ancestor of Turnus. (Virg. Aen. vii. 372, 409, with Servius's note.) [L. S.] DANA'IDES (AamiSes), the fifty daughters of Danaiis, whose names are given by Apollodorus (ii. 1. § 5) and Hyginus {Fab. 170), though they are not the same in both lists. They were be- trothed to the fifty sons of Aegyptus, but were compelled by their father to promise him to kill their husbands, in the first night, with the swords which he gave them. They fulfilled their promise, and cut oflf the heads of their husbands with the ex- ception of Hypermnestra alone, who was married to Lynceus, and who spared his life. ( Pind. Nem. x. 7. ) According to some accounts, Amymone and Berbyce also did not kill their husbands. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. ix. 200; Eustath. ad Dionys. Pcrieg. 805.) Hypermnestra was punished by her father with im- prisonment, but was afterwards restored to her husband Lynceus. The Danaides buried the corpses of their victims, and were purified from their crime by Hermes and Athena at the command of Zeus. Danaiis afterwards found it difficult to obtain hus- bands for his daughters, and he invited men to public contests, in which his daughters were given as prizes to the victors (Pind. Ryth. ix. 117.)
 * . V. ; Voss. Jlisl. Grace, pp. 269, 270, ed. Wes-