Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/825

Rh CLUVII. invidia" which had taken such deep root against his client. Following the example of his antapo- nist, he divides the subject into two heads : 1. The itividia or prejudice which prevailed. 2. The crinicri or spccitic offences libelled ; but while five-sixths of the pleading are devoted to removing the for- mer, the latter is dismissed shortly and contemp- tuously as almost unworthy of notice. A critical analysis of the whole will be found in the well- known lectures of Blair upon rhetoric and belles- lettres, who has selected the oration as an excel- lent example of managing at the bar a complex and intricate cause with order, elegance, and force. And certainly nothing can be more admirable than the distinct and lucid exposition by which we are made acquainted with all the details of a most in- volved and perplexing storj', the steady precision with which we are guided through a frightful and entangled labyrinth of domestic crime, and the apparently plain straightforward simplicity with which every circumstance is brought to bear upon the exculpation of the impeached. We are told (Quintil. ii. 17. § 21), that Cicero having procured nt> acquittal by his eloquence, boasted that he had spread a mist before the judices ; but so artfully are all the parts connected and combined, that it is very difficult, in the absence of the evidence, to discover the suspicious and weak points of the narrative. In one place only do we detect a so- phism in the reasoning, which may involve impor- tant consequences. It is freely confessed that bribery had been extensively employed at the trial of Oppianicus; it is admitted with ostentatious candour that this bribery must have been the work either of Cluentius or of Oppianicus; it is fully proved that the latter had tampered with Staienus, who had undertaken to suborn a majority of those associated with him ; and then the conclusion is triumphantly drawn, that since Oppianicus w.as guilty, Cluentius must have been innocent. But another contingency is carefully kept out of view, namely, that both may have been guilty of the attempt, although one only was successfiil ; and that this was really the truth appears not only probable in itself, but had been broadly asserted by Cicero himself a few years before. (In Verr. Act. i. 13.) Indeed, one great difficulty under which he laboured throughout arose from the sen- timents which he had formerly expressed with so little reserve ; and Accius did not fail to twit him with this inconsistency, while great ingenuity is displayed in his struggles to escape from the di- lemma. Taken as a whole, the speech for Cluen- tius must be considered as one of Cicero's highest efforts. (Comp. Quintil. xi. I. § 61.) [W. R.] CLUI'LIUS. [Cloelia Gens and Cloklius.] CLU'VIA, FAU'CULA [Cluvii], a Capuan courtez:in, who lived in the time of the second Punic war. She earned the good-will of the Ro- mans by secretly supplying the Roman prisoners with food. When Capua was taken, u. c. 210, her property and liberty were restored to her by a special decree of the senate. (Liv. xxvi. 33, 34.) [C. P.M.] CLU' VIUS, the name of a family of Campanian origin, of whom we find the following mentioned : — 1. C Cluvius Saxula, praetor in b. c. 175, and again in b. c. 173 praetor peregrinus. (Liv. xli. 22, 33, xlii. 1.) 2. Sp. Cluvius, praetor in b. c. 172, had Sar- dinia as his province. (Liv. jclii. 9, 10.) CLYMENE. 807 3. C. Cluvius, legate in b. c. 168 to the consul L. Aemilius Paullus in Macedonia. (Liv. xliv. 40.) 4. C. Cluviu.s, a Roman knight, a contempo- r<iry of Cicero, was judex in a suit between C, Fannius Chaerea and Q. Flavins, about B. c. 76. (Cic. pro Rose. Com. xiv. 14 — 16.) 5. M. Cluvius, a wealthy banker of Puteoli, with whom Cicero was on intimate terms. In b.c. 51, Cicero gave him a letter of introduction to Thermus, who was propraetor in Asia, whither Cluvius was going to collect some debts due to him from various cities and individuals. In his will he bequeathed part of his property to Cicero, (Cic. ad Ait. vi. 2, ad Fam. xiii. 56, ad Alt. xiii. 46, xiv. 9.) 6. C. Cluvius, made consul suffectus in b. c. 29 by Augustus. (Dion Cass. lii. 42.) It was pro- bably this Cluvius who in B. c. 45 was appointed by Caesar to superintend the assignment of lands in Gallia Cisalpina, when Cicero wrote to him on behalf of the town of Atella. {Ad Fam. xiii. 7.) This same Cluvius also is probably referred to in a funeral oration of the age of Augustus. (Orelli, Inscr. No. 4859.) The annexed coin, struck in the third dictator- ship of Caesar, seems to belong to this Cluvius. Its obverse represents the head of Victory, with Caksar Die. Ter. ; its reverse Pallas, with C. Clovi Praef. 7. M. Cluvius Rufus, consul suffectus in a. d. 45. (Joseph. Antiq. ii. I ; Suet. Ner. 21 ; Dion Cass. Ixiii. 14.) He was governor of Hispania in the time of Galba, b. c. 69. (Tac. Hist. i. 8.) On the death of Galba he first swore allegiance to Otho, but soon afterwards be appears as a partisan of Vitellius. llilaiius, a freedman of Vitellius, having accused him of aspiring to the independent government of Spain, Cluvius went to^ Vitellius, Avho was then in Gallia, and succeeded in clearing himself. He remained in the suite of the emperor, though he still retained the government of his pro- vince. (Tac. Hist. ii. Qo.) Tacitus speaks of him {Hist. iv. 43) as distinguished alike for his yealth and for his eloquence, and says, that no one in the time of Nero had been endangered by him. In the games in which Nero made his appearance, Cluvius acted as herald. (Suet. Ner. 21 ; Dion Cass. Ixiii. 14.) It is probably this same Cluvius whom we find mentioned as an historian. He wrote an account of the times of Nero, Galba, Otho, and Vitellius. (Tac. Ann. xiii. 20, xiv. 2; Plin. Ep. ix. 19. § 5.) [C. P. M.] CLY'MENE (KAujue'j/Tj). 1. A daughter of Oceanus and Thetys, and the wife of Japetus, by whom she became the mother of Atlas, Prometheus, and others. (Hesiod. Theoy. 351, 507 ; comp.Virg. Georg. iv. 345 ; Schol. ad Find. 01. ix. 68 ; Hygin. Fab.Q.) ^ ^ .^ 2. A daughter of Iphis or Minyas, and the wife of Phylacus or Cephalus, by whom she became the