Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/78

60 MUS] The fear of an invasion of Italy byJustinian led the Goth Theodatus to oblige St. Agapetus to go himself to Constantinople, in hope that Justinian might be diverted from his purpose. (See Breviarium S. Liberati ap. Mansi, Concilia, vol. ix. p. 695.) As to this last object he could make no impression on the emperor, but he succeeded in persuading him to depose Anthimus, and when Mennas was chosen to succeed him, Agapetus laid his own hands upon him. The Council and the Synodal (interpreted into Greek) sent by Agapetus relating to these affairs may be found ap. Mansi, vol. viii. pp. 869, 921. Complaints were sent him from various quarters against the Monophysite Acephali; but he died suddenly A. D. 536, April 22, and they were read in a Council held on 2nd May, by Mennas. (Mansi, ibid. p. 874.) There are two letters from St. Agapetus to Justinian in reply to a letter from the emperor, in the latter of which he refuses to acknowledge the Orders of the Arians ; and there are two others: 1. To the Bishops of Africa, on the same subject; 2. To Reparatus, Bishop of Carthage, in answer to a letter of congratulation on his elevation to the Pontificate. (Mansi, Concilia, viii. pp. 846 — 850.)

3. Deacon of the Church of St. Sophia, A. D. 527. There are two other Agapeti mentioned in a Council held by Mennas at this time at Constantinople, who were Archimandrites, or Abbots.

Agapetus was tutor to Justinian, and, on the accession of the latter to the empire, addressed to him Admonitions on the Duty of a Prince, in 72 Sections, the initial letters of which form the dedication (ἔκθεσις κεφαλαίων παραινετικῶν σχεδιασθεῖσα). The repute in which this work was held appears from its common title, viz. the Royal Sections (σχέδη βασιλικά). It was published, with a Latin version, by Zach. Callierg. 8vo., Ven. 1509, afterwards by J. Brunon, 8vo., Lips. 1669, Gröbel, 8vo., Lips. 1733, and in Gallandi's Bibliothecaca vol. xi. p. 255, &c., Ven. 1766, after the edition of Bandurius (Benedictine). It was translated into French by Louis XIII., 8vo. Par. 1612, and by Th. Payneil into English, 12mo., Lond. 1550. 1550.

AGAPETUS (Ἀγαπητός), an ancient Greek physician, whose remedy for the gout is mentioned with approbation by Alexander Trallianus (xi. p. 303) and Paulus Aegineta, (iii. 78, p. 497, vii. 11, p. 661.) He probably lived between the third and sixth centuries after Christ, or certainly not later, as Alexander Trallianus, by whom he is quoted, is supposed to have flourished about the beginning of the sixth century.

AGA'PIUS (Ἀγάπιος), an ancient physician of Alexandria, who taught and practised medicine at Byzantium with great success and reputation, and acquired immense riches. Of his date it can only be determined, that he must have lived before the end of the fifth century after Christ, as Damascius (from whom Photius, Biblioth. cod. 242, and Suidas have taken their account of him) lived about that time.

AGARISTA (Ἀγαρίστη). 1. The daughter of Cleisthenes, tyrant of Sicyon, whom her father promised to give in marriage to the best of the Greeks. Suitors came to Sicyon from all parts of Greece, and among others Megacles, the son of Alcmaeon, from Athens. After they had been detained at Sicyon for a whole year, during which time Cleisthenes made trial of them in various ways, he gave Agariste to Megaeles. From this marriage came the Cleisthenes who divided the Athenians into ten tribes, and Hippocrates. (Hdt. 6.126-130; comp. Athen. 6.273b.c., 12.541, b. c.)

2. The daughter of the above-mentioned Hippocrates, and the grand-daughter of the above-mentioned Agariste, married Xanthippus and became the mother of Pericles. (Hdt. 6.130; Plut. Periel. 3.)

AGA'SIAS (Ἀγασίας), a Stymphalian of Arcadia (Xen. Anab. 4.1.27), is frequently mentioned by Xenophon as a brave and active officer in the army of the Ten Thousand. (Anab. 4.7.11. 5.2.15, &c.) He was wounded while fighting against Asidates. (Anab. 8.8.19.)

AGA'SIAS (Ἀγασίας), son of Dositheus, a distinguished sculptor of Ephesus. One of the productions of his chisel, the statue known by the name of the Borghese gladiator, is still preserved in the gallery of the Louvre. This statue, as well as the Apollo Belvidere, was discovered among the ruins of a palace of the Roman emperors on the site of the ancient Antium (Capo d'Anzo). From the attitude of the figure it is clear, that the statue represents not a gladiator, but a warrior contending with a mounted combatant. Thiersch conjectures that it was intended to represent Achilles fighting with Penthesilea. The only record that we have of this artist is the inscription on the pedestal of the statue; nor are there any data for ascertaining the age in which he lived, except the style of art displayed in the work itself, which competent judges think cannot have been produced earlier than the fourth century, B. C. It is not quite clear whether the Agasias, who is mentioned as the father of Heraclides, was the same as the author of the Borghese statue, or a different person.

There was another sculptor of the same name, also an Ephesian, the son of Menophilus. He is mentioned in a Greek inscription, from which it appears that he exercised his art in Delos while that island was under the Roman sway; probably somewhere about 100, B. C. (Thiersch, Epochen d. bild. Kunst, p. 130; Müller, Arch. d. Kunst, p. 155.)

AGASICLES, AGESICLES or HEGESICLES (Ἀγασικλῆς, Ἀγησικλῆς, Ἡγησικλῆς), a king of Sparta, the thirteenth of the line of Procles. He was contemporary with the Agid Leon, and succeeded his father Archidamus I., probably about B. C. 590 or 600. During his reign the Lacedaemonians carried on an unsuccessful war against Tegea, but prospered in their other wars. (Hdt. 1.65; Paus. 3.7.6, 3. §. 5.)

AGA'STHENES (Ἀγασθένης), a son of Augeias, whom he succeeded in the kingdom of Elis. He had a son, Polyxenus, who occurs among the suitors of Helen. (Hom. Il. 2.624; Paus. 5.3.4; Apollod. 3.10.8.)

AGATHA'NGELUS, the son of Callistratus wrote the life of Gregory of Armenia in Greek, which is printed in the Acta Sanctorum, vol. viii. p. 320. There are manuscripts of it in the public libraries both of Paris and Florence. The time at which Agathangelus lived is unknown. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. p. 232, xi. p. 554.)

AGATHAGE'TUS (Ἀγαθάγητος), a Rhodian,