Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/537

Rh BUTES. without a master of the knights, in order to fill np the vaciuicics in the senate occasioned by the battle of Cannae : he added 177 new members to the senate, and then hiid down his office. (Liv. xxiii. 2-2, 23 ; Plut. Fab. Mim. 9.) We learn from Livy, who calls him the oldest of the ex-censors, that he had filled the latter office ; and it is ac- cordingly conjectured that he was the colleague of C. Aurelius Cotta in the censorship, B. c. 241. In the Fasti Capitolini the name of Cotta's colleague has disappeared. 3. Fabius Butko, son of the preceding, was accused of theft, and killed in consequence by his own father. (Ores. iv. 13.) This event, fi-om the order in which it is mentioned by Orosius, must have happened shortly before the second Punic war. 4. M. Fabius Buteo, curule aedile b. c. 203, and praetor 201, when he obtained Sardinia as his province. (Liv. xxx. 26, 40.) 5. Q. Fabius Buteo, praetor b. c. 196, ob- tained the province of Further Spain. (Liv. xxxiii. 24, 26.) 6. Q. Fabius Butko, praetor b. c. 181, ob- tained the province of Cisalpine Gaul, and had his command prolonged the following year. In 179 he was appointed one of the triumvirs for founding a Latin colony in the territory of the Pisani, and in 168 one of the quinqueviri to settle the disputes between the Pisani and Lunenses respecting the boundaries of their lands. (Liv. xl. 18, 36, 43, xlv. 13.) 7. N. Fabius Buteo, praetor b. c. 173, ob- tained the province of Nearer Spain, but died at Massilia on his way to the province. (Liv. xli. 33, xlii. 1,4.) 8. (Q.) Fabius Buteo, son of the brother of P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus, the younger, must have been the son of Q. Fabius, who was adopted by Q. Fabius Maximus, the conqueror of Hannibal. Bu- teo was elected quaestor in B. c. 134, and was entrusted by his uncle, Scipio, with the command of the 4000 volunteers who enlisted at Rome to serve under Scipio in the war against Numantia. (VaL Max. viii. 15. § 4; Appian, Hisp. 84.) BU'TKO, a rhetorician in the first century of the Christian era, is frequently mentioned by the elder Seneca, who tells us, that he was a pupil of Porcius Latro, and a dry declaimer, but that he divided all his subjects well. {Controv. 1, 6, 7, 13, &c.) BUTES (BouTTjs). 1. A son of Boreas, a Thra- cian, was hostile towards his step-brother Lycurgus, and therefore compelled by his fiither to emigrate. He accordingly went with a band of colonists to the island of Strongyle, afterwards called Naxos. But as he and his companions had no women, they made predatory excursions, and also came to Thes- saly, where they carried otf the women who were just celebrating a festival of Dionysus. Butes himself took Coronis ; but she invoked Dionysus, who struck Butes Tvith madness, so that he threw himself into a well. (Diod. v. 50.) 2. A son of Teleon and Zeuxippe. Others call his father Pandion or Amycus. He is renowned as an Athenian shepherd, ploughman, warrior, and an Argonaut. (A polled, i, d. §§ 16,2.5, iii. 14. § 8, 15. § 1.) After the death of Pandion, he obtained the office of priest of Athena and the Erechtheian Poseidon. The Attic family of the Butad:ic or Eteobutiidae derived their origin from BUTORIDES. 519 him, and in the Erechtheum on the Acropolis there was an altar dedicated to Butes, and the walls were decorated with paintings representing scenes from the history of the family of the Butadae. (Paus. i. 26. §6 ; Harpocrat., Etym. M., Hesych. S.V.; Orph. Arg. 138 ; Val. Flacc. i. 394; Hygin. Fab. 14.) The Argonaut Butes is also called a son of Poseidon (Eustath. ad Horn. xiii. 43); and it is said, that when the Argonauts passed by the Sirens, Orpheus commenced a song to counteract the influence of the Sirens, but that Butes alone leaped into the sea. Aphrodite, however, saved him, and carried him to Lilybaeum, where she be- came by him the mother of Eryx. (Apollod. i. 9. § 25 ; Serv. ad Aen. i. 574, v. 24.) Diodorus (iv. 83), on the other hand, regards this Butes as one of the native kings of Sicily. There are at least four more mythical persons of this name, respecting whom nothing of interest can be said. (Ov. Met. vii. 500; Diod. v. 59 ; Virg. Aen. xi. 690, &c., ix. 646. &c.) [L. S.] BUTO (BouTftj), an Egyptian divinity, whom the Greeks identified with their Leto, and who was worshipped principally in the town of Buto, which derived its name from her. Festivals were celebrated there in her honour, and there she had also an oracle which was in high esteem among the Egyptians. (Herod, ii. 59, 83, 111, 133, 152, 155; Aelian, V. H. ii. 41 ; Strab. xvii. p. 802.) Ac- cording to Herodotus, she belonged to the eight great divinities ; and in the mythus of Osiris and I sis she acts the part of a nurse to their children, Horus and Bubastis. Isis entrusted the two chil- dren to her, and she saved them from the persecu- tions of Typhon by concealing them in the floating island of Chemnis, in a lake near the sanctuary at Buto, where afterwards Bubastis and Horus were worshipped, together with Buto. (Herod, ii. 156 ; Plut. de Is. et Os. 18, 38.) Stephanas of Byzan- tium appears (s. v. Atjtous iroMs) to speak of an earlier worship of Buto (Leto) at Letopolis near Memphis ; but Letopolis was in later times knowTi only by its name, and was destroyed long before the time of Cambyses. (Joseph. -4«<. Ji^/. ii. 15. § 1 .) As regards the nature and character of Buto, the ancients, in identifying her with Leto, trans- ferred their notions of the latter to the former, and Buto was accordingly considered by Greeks as the goddess of night. (Phumut. deNat. Deor. 2; Plut. ap. Euseb. Fraep. Ev. iii. 1.) This opinion seemed to be confirmed by the peculiar animal which was sacred to Buto, az. the shrew-mouse {^ixryaX-^) and the hawk. Herodotus (ii. 67) states, that both these animals were, after their death,, carried to Buto ; and, according to Antoninus Li- beralis (28), Leto (Buto) changed herself into a shrew-mouse in order to escape the persecution of Typhon. About this mouse Plutarch {Sympos. iv. 5) relates, that it was believed to have received divine honours in Egypt because it was blind, and because darkness preceded light. This opinion of the ancients respecting the nature of Buto has been worked out with some modifications by modern writers on Egyptian mythology. (Jablonsky, Pan/A. Aeg. iii. 4. § 7; Champollion, Fanth, Egyptien, text to plate 23.) [L. S.] BUTO'RIDES, one of the authors who wrote upon the pyramids of Egypt, From the order in which he is mentioned by Piiny (//. iV. xxxvi. 12. s. 17), it would appear that he must have lived after Alexander Polyhistor and before Apion, that