Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/436

418  character of nature, the male and female, concentrated in one.

 2. A son of Manes, king of the Maeonians, from whose son Lydus, his son and successor, the Maeonians were afterwards called Lydians. (Herod, i. 7, vii. 74.) Herodotus (i. 94; comp. Dionys. Hal. A. R. i. 26, 28; Tacit. Annal. iv. 55) mentions Tyrrhenus as another sob of Atys; and in another passage (iv. 45), he speaks of Cotys as the son of Manes, instead of Atys.

 3. A Latin chief, the son of Alba, and father of Capys, from whom the Latin gens Atia derived its origin, and from whom Augustus was believed to be descended on his mother's side. (Virg. Aen. v. 568; Liv. i. 3; Suet. Aug. 4.)

 4. A son of Croesus. [.]

 AU'DATA (AuSdra), an lUyrian, the first wife of Philip of Macedon, by whom he had a daughter, Cynna. (Athen. xiii. p. 557, c.)

 AUDE'NTIUS, a Spanish bishop, of whom Gennadius (de Viris Illustribiin, c. 14) records, that he wrote against the Manichaeans, the Sabellians, the Arians, and, with especial energy, against the Photinians. The work was entitled de Fide advenus ILtereticos. Its object was to shew that the second person in the Trinity is co-eternal with the Father. Audentius is styled by Trithemius {de Script. Eccl. cr.) " vir in divinis ecripturis exercitatum habens ingenium." Cave supposes him to have flourished about a. d. 260. [J. M. M.]

 AUDO'LEON (A«>3o€wi/ or AvSuKeup), a king of Paeonia, was the son of Agis. He was a con- temporary of Alexander the Great, and was the father of Ariston, who distinguished hunself at the battle of Guagamela, and of a daughter who married Pyrrhus, king of Epeirus. In a war with the Autoriatae he was reduced to great straits, but was Buccoured by Cassander. (DiocLxx. 19.) [C.P.M.]

 AVENTINENSIS, the name of a plebeian fa- mily of the Genucia gens. The name was derived from the hill Aventinus, which was the quarter of Rome peculiar to the plebeians. The family was descended from the tribune Cn. Genucius, who was murdered in b. c. 473.

1. L. Genucius M. f. Cn. n. Aventinensis, consul B. c. 365, and again in 362, was killed in battle against the Hemicans in the latter of these years, and his army routed. His defeat and death caused the patricians great joy, as he was the tirst consul who had marched against the enemy with plebeian auspices. (Liv. vii. 1, 4, 6 ; Diod. XV. 90, xvi. 4; Eutrop. ii. 4; Ores. iii. 4; Lyd. de Mag. ?. 46.)

2. Cn. Genucius M. f. M. n. Aventinensis, consul B. c. 363, in which j-ear the senate was chiefly occupied in endeavouring to appease the anger of the gods. (Liv. vii. 3 ; Diod. xvi. 2.)

3. L. Genucius (Aventinensis), tribune of the plebs, B. c. 342, probably belonged to this family. He brought forward a law for the abolition of usury, and was probably the author of many of the | AUFIDIUS. other reforms in the same year mentioned by Livy. (vii. 42.)

4. L. Genucius (L. f. M. n.) Aventinensis, consul B. c. 303. (Liv. x. 1 ; Diod. xx. 102.)

<section end="Aventinensis"/> <section begin="Aventitus"/>AVENTI'NUS, a son of Hercules and the priestess Rhea, (Virg. Aen. vii. 656.) Servius on this passage speaks of an Aventinus, a king of the Aborigines, who was killed and buried on the hill afterwards called the Aventine. [L. S.]

<section end="Aventitus"/> <section begin="Aventinus"/>AVENTI'NUS, one of the mythical kings of Alba, who was buried on the hill which was after- wards called by his name. He is said to have reigned thirty-seven years, and to have been suc- ceeded by Procas, the father of Amulius. (Liv. i. 3; Dionys. i. 71; Ov. Fast. iv. 5L)

<section end="Aventinus"/> <section begin="Avernus"/>AVERNUS, properly speaking, the name of a lake in Campania, which the Latin poets describe as the entrance to the lower world, or as the lower world itself. Here we have only to mention, that Avemus was also regarded as a divine being ; for Servius {ad Virg. Georg. ii. 161) speaks of a statue of Avemus, which perspired during the storm after the union of the Avemian and Lucrinian lakes, and to which exfsatorv sacrifices were offered. [L. S.]

<section end="Avernus"/> <section begin="Averruncus"/>AVERRUNCUS. [Apotropaei.]

<section end="Averruncus"/> <section begin="Aufidia Gens"/>AUFI'DIA GENS, plebeian, was not known till the later times of the republic. The first mem- ber of it, who obtained the consulship, was Cn. Aufidius Orestes, in b. c. 71. Its cognomens are LuRco and Orestes: for those who occur with- out a fomily-narae, see Aufidius.

<section end="Aufidia Gens"/> <section begin="Aufidius Rufus"/>AUFIDIENUS RUFUS. [Rufus.];

<section end="Aufidius Rufus"/> <section begin="CN. Aufidius"/>'''CN. AUFIDIUS''', tribune of the plebs, b. r. 1 70, accused C. Lucretius Gallus on account of his oppression of the Chalcidians. (Liv. xliii. 10.)

<section end="CN. Aufidius"/> <section begin="CN. Aufidius"/>'''CN. AUFI'DIUS''', a learned historian and per- haps a jurist, is celebrated in some of the extant works of Cicero for the equanimity with which he bore blindness ; and we find from St. Jerome {in Epitaph. Nepatiani, 0pp. vol. iv. P. ii. p. 268, ed. Benedict.), that his patience was also recounted in the lost treatise de Consolalioiie. His corporeal blindness did not quench his intellectual vision. Bereaved of sight and advanced in age, he still at- tended his duties, and spoke in the senate, and found means to write a Grecian history. Cicero states {Tusc. Disp. v. 38), that he also gave advice to his friends {nee amicis dcliberantUms deerat) ; and, on account of this expression, he has been ranked by some legal biographers among the Roman jurists. In his old age, he adopted Cn. Aurelius Orestes, who consequently took the name of Aufi- dius in place of Aurelius. This precedent has been quoted (Cic pro Dom. 13) to shew that the power of adopting does not legally depend on the power of begetting children. Aufidius was quaestor b. c. 119, tribunus plebis, b. c. 11 4, and finally praetor B. c. 1 08, about two years before the birth of Cicero, who, as a boy, was acquainted with the old blind scholar. {DeFin..d.) [J.T.G.]

<section end="CN. Aufidius"/> <section begin="Sex. Aufidius"/>'''SEX. AUFI'DIUS''', was warmly recommended by Cicero to Comificius, proconsul of Africa, in b. c. 43. (Jt^Fam. xii. 26, 27.)

<section end="Sex. Aufidius"/> <section begin="T. Aufidius"/>T. AUFI'DIUS, a jurist, the brother of M. Virgilius, who accused Sulla E. c. 86. It was pro^ bably the jurist who was quaestor B. c. 84, and wlio was afterwards praetor of Asia. {Cic. pro Flac. 19.) He may also have been the Aufidius once talked of as one of Cicero's competitors for the con- sulship, B. c. 63. (Cic. ad Alt. i. 1.) In pleading private causes, he imitated the manner of T, Ju-

<section end="T. Aufidius"/>