Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 1.djvu/203

Rh 2. Q. Valerius Antias, the Roman historian, was cither a descendant of the preceding, or de- rived the surname of Antias from his being a native of Antium, as Pliny sUites. (//. N. Praef.) He was a contemporary of Quadrigarius, Sisenna, and Hutilius (Veil. Pat. ii. 9), and lived in the former half of the first century before Christ. Krausc, without mentioning his authority, states that Antias was praetor in a. u. c. 676. (b. c. 68.) He wrote the history of Rome from the earliest period, relating the stories of Amulius, Rhea Silvia and the like, down to the time of Sulla. The latter period must have been treated at much greater length than the earlier, since he spoke of the quaestorship of Ti. Gracchus (b. c. 137)as early as in the twelfth book (or according to some read- ings in the twenty-second), and the work extended to seventy-five books at least. (Gell. vii. 9.)

Valerius Antias is frequently referred to by Livy, who speaks of him as the most lying of all the annalists, and seldom mentions his name with- out terms of reproach. (Comp. iii. 5, xxvi. 49, xxxvi. 3o.) Gellius (vi. ii, vii. 19) too mentions cases in which the statements of Antias are op- posed to those of all other writers, and there can be little doubt that Livy's judgment is correct. Antias was in no difliculty about any of the par- ticulars of the early history : he fabricated the most circumstantial narratives, and was particulai-ly dis- tinguished by his exaggerations in numbers. Plutorch seems to have dmwn much of his earl}^ history from him, and Livy too appears to have de- rived many of his statements from the same source, though he was aware of the untrustworthiness of his authority. It is rather curious that Cicero never refers to Valerius Antias. (Comp. Kiebulir, IIu!t. of Rome, i. pp. 207, 501, 525, &c., ii. p. 9, n. 570, iii. pp. 124, 358; Krause, Vitae et Fragm. vet. Ilidoric. TmIui. p. 2G6, &c,)

ANTICLEI'A ('AfTi/cAeja), a daughter of Au- tolycus, wife of Laertes, and mother of Odysseus. (Ilom. Od. xL 85.) According to Homer she died of grief at the long absence of her son, who met her and spoke with her in Hades. {Od. xv. 356, &c., xi, 202, &c.) According to other traditions, she put an end to her own life after she had heard a report of the death of her son. (Hygin. Fob. 243.) Hyginus {Fah. 201) also states, that previous to her marrying Laertes, she lived on intimate tenus with Sisyphus ; whence Euripides {Iphu/. Aid. 524) calls Odysseus a son of Sisyphus. (Comp. Sophocl. J^hil. 417; Ov. Met. xiii. 32 ; Serv. ad Aen. vi. 529.) It is uncertain whether this Anticleia is the same as the one whose son Periphetes was killed by Theseus. Of this Periphetes she was the mother by Hephaestus or by Poseidon. (ApoUod. iii. 16. § 1 ; Pans. ii. 1. § 4 ; Hygin. Fab. 38.) Another mythical personage of this name, who married Machaon, the son of Asclepius, is mentioned by Pans. iv. 30. § 2. [L. S.]

ANTICLEIDES ('Aj/Tj/cAetS7js), of Athens (Athen. xi. p. 446, c), lived after the time of Alexander the Great (Plut. Alex. 46), and is fre- quently referred to by later writers. He wrote, 1. Ilepi NcJo-Twj/, containing an account of the return of the Greeks from their ancient expeditions. (Athen. iv. p. 157, f., ix. p. 384, d., xi. p. AQG, c.) Anticleides' statement about the Pelasgians, which Strabo (v. p. 221) quotes, is probably taken from the work on the "iioaToi. 2. ATjAia/cd, an account of Delos. (Schol. ad Apoll. Mod. i. 1207, 1289.) 3. 'ElTjTTjTiK^s, appears to have been a sort of Dictionary, in which perhaps an explanation of those words and phrases was given which occurred in the ancient stories. (Athen. xi. p. 473, b. c.) 4. Tlepl 'AXi^dvSpov, of which the second book is quoted by Diogenes Ljiertius. (viii. 1 1 ; comp. Plut. Alex. I. c.) Whether these works were all written by Anticleides of Athens, cannot be decided with certainty.

ANTI'CRATES ('AvTtKpaTTjs), a Spartan who, according to Dioscourides (up. Plut. Ages. 35), killed Epaminondas at the battle of Mantineia. The descendants of Anticrates are said to have been called Maxaiplaves by the Lacedaemonians, on account of his having struck Epaminondas with a fxaxaipa (Plut. /. c), but Pausanias (viii. 11. § 4) mentions Machaerion, a Lacedaemonian or Mantinean, to whom this honour was ascribed by some. Others attribute it to Gryllus, the son of Xenophon. [Gryllus.]

ANTIDAMAS, or ANTIDAMUS, of Hera- cleia, wrote in Greek a history of Alexander the Great and moral works, which are referred to by Fulgentius. (s. v. Vespillones, fahre.)

 ANTIDO'RUS ('Ai/Ti5wpos), of Lemnos, de- serted to the Greeks in the battle of Artemisium, and was rewarded by the Athenians by a piece of ground in Salamis. (Herod, viii. 11.)

 ANTI'DOTUS ('A;/T iSoTos), an Athenian comic poet, of whom we know nothing, except that he was of the middle comedy, which is evident from the fact that a certain play, the 'Ojuoi'a, is ascribed both to him and to Alexis. (Athen. xiv. p. 642.) We have the titles of two other plays of his, and it is thought that his name ought to be restored in Athenaeus (i. p. 28, e.) and Pollux (vi. Qd). (See Meineke, i. p.4lG.) [P- S.]

 ANTI'DOTUS, an encaustic painter, the dis- ciple of Euphranor, and teacher of Nicias the Athe- nian. His works were few, but carefully executed, and his colouring was somewhat harsh {severior). He flourished about B. c. 336. (Plin. xxxv. 40. §§ 27, 28.) [P. S.]

 ANTI'GENES {^XvTL-yivns). 1. A general of Alexander the Great, also served under Philip, and lost an eye at the siege of Perinthus. (b. c 340.) After the death of Alexander he obtained the satrapy of Susiana. He was one of the com- manders of the Argyraspids {Diet, of Ant. s. v.), and espoused with his troops the side of Eumenes. On the defeat of the latter in n. c. 316, Antigenes fell into the hands of his enemy Antigonus, and was burnt alive by him. (Plut. Alex.lO ; Arrian, ap.Fhot. p. 71, b. Bekk.; Diod. xviii. 62, xix. 12, &c., 44; Plut. Eum. 13.)

2. A Greek historian, who spoke of the Ama- zon's visit to Alexander. (Plut. Alex. 46.) There was a grammarian of the same name. (Fabric. Biil. Graec. iii. p. 34, vi. p. 355.)

 ANTI'GENES {'AvTi-yei/ris), the name of at least three Greek physicians.

1. An inhabitjint of Chios, mentioned in one of the spurious letters of Euripides (Eurip. Epist. 2. vol. ii. p. 500, ed. Beck), who (if he ever really existed) must have lived in the fifth ccntnrj'^ B.C.

2. One of the followers of Clcophantus, who must have lived about the middle of the third century B.C., as Alnemon, one of his fellow-pupils, is known to have lived in tl'.e reign of Ptolemy Eiu^rgctcs, B. c. 247 — 222. [Clkophantu.s ; Mneaion.] One of his works is quoted by Caelius 